1. THE MUGHAL EMPIRE
(MONUMENTAL
ARCHITECTURE)
By : Aqeel , Allen , Alen and Anshid

2. ARCHITECTURE OF MUGHAL EMPIRE
Indian architecture, is the distinctive style developed by the Mughal
in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. They constructed in
countries such as India, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Pakistan.
Architecture during this period was more magnificent and grand
than preceding centuries. It is because :
1.
Stability in the empire which enabled the emperors to pay
attention to architecture.
2.
Mughal had more funds at their disposal to spend on
monuments.
example: tombs , forts , masjids , etc

3. FEATURES
The arch and dome continued to be used. Domes were very
common. Tombs began to be placed on stone platforms. Most
of the monuments has ChaharBhag pattern. Tombs and
mosques had minarets. Most of them is made of red stone
and white marble. Qur'anic verses were engraved upon them.
Jalis or trellis were common. All the early kings except
Aurangzeb were great builders. With the coming of the
Mughals, Indian architecture was greatly influenced by
Persian styles. The Mughals constructed excellent
mausoleums, mosques, forts, gardens and cities. The
Mughal buildings show a uniform pattern both in
structure and character

5. BABUR


Mughal architecture during Babur was indeed that redefined
phase, which saw the most able chiseling of gardens, fondly
referred to as Baghs in Urdu. Babur constructed several
mosques around India, mostly taken from the desecrated
Hindu temples. He constructed a series of buildings which
mixed the pre-existing Hindu particulars with the influence of
traditional Muslim designs which was practiced in Turks and
Persian culture.
The mosque that Babur himself provided is located in panipat,
presently placed in karnal district of Haryana State.
Inscriptions indicate that the mosque was well set into motion,
if not finished, by the end of 1527 and its gat e, well and
garden were completed by 1528. But the location of the
mosque is known as the garden eventually eroded. However,
the building`s colossal size suggests that the mosque, rather
than the garden, dominated the complex.

6. HUMAYUN
He didn't build many structures . His wife
Hamida Banu Begum and Akbar . Humayun
cannot build many structures because:
 From his reign began he was unfortunate.


Sher shah chased him out of his own
country for 15 years.
He was not having enough time after he
started ruling over his kingdom.

7. TOMB OF HUMAYUN
about tomb
The tomb was commissioned by Humayun’s
wife Hamida Banu Begum in 1562 AD, and
designed by Mirak Mirza Ghiyath, a Persian
architect. It was first garden tomb in India . it is
among UNESCO world heritage site.
Features
The prime features of Humayun's Tomb include a
sand stone mausoleum in the shape of rose
petal, one hamam or bath chamber, double
domes and a pavilion called as baradari. There
are four squares in Humayun's Tomb which are
separated by the paved sand stone paths.

8. AKBAR

The emperor Akbar built largely, and the style
developed vigorously during his reign. As in the
Gujarat and other styles, there is a combination of
Muslim and Hindu features in his works. Akbar
constructed the royal city of Fatehpur Sikri, located
26 miles (42 km) west of Agra, in the late 16th
century.

9. JAHANGIR
•
Mausoleum of Itmad-ud-Daula, the revenue minister of
Jahangir and Nur Jehan’s father was built in Agra on the
banks of the Jumuna. Started by Jahangir it was completed
by Nur Jehan in 1628 A.D. A small rectangular structure in
white marble, inlaid with semi-precious stones and colored
glass, it is a delicate and beautiful piece of architecture. It
is the first pure marble monument and differs from the
typical massive, red sand-stone structures of earlier
Mughals. Situated in a garden amidst fountains, it has a
square lower storey with four minarets in the four
corners. A traceried pavilion forms the second storey. A
central chamber inside contains the tombs and is
surrounded by an enclosed verandah.

10. QUIZ
1.What is the full form of UNESCO?
Ans. United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization
2.Who was the architect who designed tomb of
humayun?
Ans. Mirak Mirza Ghiyath
3.What is pattern used in this period?
Ans. chahar bagh pattern.
4. Where is the tomb of Akbar built?
Ans. Sikandra