- New genetics and silviculture techniques can significantly increase pine stand yield and value. Genetic gains from breeding programs have led to improvements in volume, stem quality, and percentage of sawtimber trees. - Proper silviculture such as planting density, thinning, fertilization and pruning combined with high-performing genetics can result in stands with high volume, quality, and standing value even at young ages. - Stands established with the best genetic material and silviculture regimens can have clearcut volumes over 200 tons/acre and standing values over $1000/acre at age 12, offering good returns for landowners.

1. Silviculture and Genetic Effects on Stand Yield and Value

3. Changing genetics!

5. . Avg. OP Elite OP Elite OP/ Insight MCP MCP / Insight Early Varietals Varietals / Insight Value-$/Ac Future/ Biotechnology + Increased Genetic Certainty ArborGen S.E. USA pine products OP MCP Varieties

8. Review of what drives stand yield and stand value:

11. Pigeon Pond Establishment : -Site: Berkeley County, SC—Lower Coastal Plains -Soils: Moderately Well Drained-Goldsboro -Previous Rotation Site Index-base age 25 years : Low 70’s -Planted at 605 tpa in 1998 -Two years weed control -Systematic thin (remove every other row-no selection) =12’ x 12’ at age 5 303tpa -N&P fert at age-5 -Snow damage about age-6 -Fourth row operational thin to a target of 150 tpa or remove defective trees — Age 13 -Performance was evaluated at age-12 because all heights and dbh measured at this age Example of Genetics and silviculture impacts on stand yield and value

12. Before Thin Performance----Age 12

15. Age-12 Operational fourth row thinning results

19. Thinned OP AG373, 107 tpa, 48 BA, 80%ST

20. Thinned AG 769 , 131tpa, 62BA, 82% ST

21. MCP AGM22 139 tpa, 73BA, 90% ST

22. Current Stand Value and Future Value

23. Current Stand Value: If landowners or investors use current genetics and good silviculture can they grow stands that have significant standing value at age-12? $1222.00 101.9 AGM22 $1109.00 92.4 AGM29 $1043.00 86.9 AG-769 $1046.00 87.2 AG-373 $980.00 81.7 AG-175 Value at $12/Gton Age-12 Total Tons/Acre Genetics

27. Example: Increasing value with new genetics—pole silviculture 228 Gtons/ac Total 173 Gtons/ac ST (Extract 80 Gtons/ac Poles) (@ $50/Gton=$4000/ac) 79% 35% Full-Sib Cross AE 50% 4% Full-Sib Cross AD 228 Gtons/ac Total 128 Gtons/ac ST (Extract 11 Gtons/ac Poles) (@ $50/Gton=$550/ac) 46% 5% OP Elite AG 373 Predicted Clearcut Gtons/ac @ Age 25 %ST Trees %Pole Trees Genetics