2. You should be able to:
• List the different phyla of the plant kingdom.
• List the main visible features of
monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous
flowering plants.
3. The Plant Kingdom
What you know already:
• Cell walls are made of cellulose.
• Some parts of plants are green.
4. Why are plants green?
• They have chloroplasts.
• Chloroplasts contain a
green pigment calles
chlorophyll.
• Chlorophyll absorbs
energy from sunlight.
• The plant uses this
energy to make Glucose.
• This process is called
photosynthesis.
5. Phyla of the plant kingdom
There are 4 main phyla in the plant kingdom:
• Mosses:
– simple leaves and stem.
– They shed spores.
6. Phyla of the plant kingdom
• Conifers:
– Cone-bearing trees
and shrubs.
– Seeds but no fruits.
– Leaves are like
needles.
7. Phyla of the plant kingdom
• Ferns:
– Plants with roots, stems and leaves.
– They have leaves called fronds.
– They don’t produce flowers.
– They reproduce by spores.
8.
9. Phyla of the plant kingdom
Flowering plants:
• Plants with roots, stems and leaves.
• Reproduce sexually by means of flowers and
seeds.
• Seeds are produced in the ovary, in the flower.
10. Flowering plants are classified into two
groups:
Monocotyledonous plants
• 1 cotyledon
• strap like leaves
• parallel veins
• flower parts divisible by 3
• example: kaffir lily
11. Flowering plants are classified into two
groups:
Dicotyledonous plants
• 2 cotyledons
• broad leaves
• branching veins
• flower parts divisible by 4
or 5
14. Comparing monocotyledons and
dicotyledons:
Feature monocotyledon dicotyledon
Number of cotyledons
1 2
Leaf shape
strap like broad
Vein pattern
parallel branching
Flower parts divisible by:
3 4 or 5
Example
Kaffir lily Hibiscus
15. Which plant is a monocotyledon and which
is a dicotyledon?
dicotyledon monocotyledon
