Leadership 2022, Session 4, 101 on Community Health and Human Services

Worker Inflow, Outflow, and
Commuting

Orange County Worker Inflows/Outflows, 2018
48,116 drive in, 38,088 drive out, and 19,965 live and work in Orange County
Source: U.S. Census Bureau LODES (OnTheMap)

Where do Orange County’s 68,081 Workers Live?
Orange County workers by county of residence, 2018
29%, 19,965
19%, 13,231
15%, 10,177
10%, 6,900
7%, 4,607
2%, 1,364
1%, 891
1%, 862
1%, 811
1%, 588
13%, 8,685
Orange
Durham
Wake
Alamance
Chatham
Guilford
Johnston
Mecklenburg
Person
Forsyth
All Other Locations

3,972 More Orange County Workers Commuting
from Wake County than in 2008
-1,875
1,792
3,972
1,226
565
359
450
40
236
112
2,032
Orange
Durham
Wake
Alamance
Chatham
Guilford
Johnston
Mecklenburg
Person
Forsyth
All Other Locations
Change in number of Orange County workers’ county of residence from 2008-2018

Where do Orange County’s 59,053 Working Residents Go
to Work?
Location of primary job for Orange County residents, 2018
34%, 19,965
25%, 14,734
16%, 9,133
4%, 2,526
3%, 1,841
3%, 1,730
1%, 771
1%, 528
1%, 308
.5%, 290
11%, 6,227
Orange
Durham
Wake
Alamance
Guilford
Mecklenburg
Chatham
Forsyth
Cumberland
New Hanover
All Other Locations

Chapel Hill Worker Inflows/Outflows, 2018
43,336 drive in, 14,558 drive out, and 6,448 live and work in Chapel Hill

Carrboro Worker Inflows/Outflows, 2018
4,345 drive in, 9,187 drive out, and 657 live and work in Carrboro

Hillsborough Worker Inflows/Outflows, 2018
4,917 drive in, 3,131 drive out, and 278 live and work in Hillsborough

Chatham County Worker Inflows/Outflows, 2018
10,785 drive in, 24,687 drive out, and 6,057 live and work in Chatham

Majority of Orange and Chatham Residents Work Outside
the County They Live In
Percent of residents commuting outside of the county for work, 2018
66% 81%
of Orange County
Residents Commute Out
of Chatham County
Residents Commute Out

Most County Jobs Filled by In-Commuters
Percent of county jobs filled by in-commuters, 2018
71%
of Orange County Jobs
Filled by In-Commuters
63%
of Chatham County
Jobs Filled by In-
Commuters

Orange County Highest Per Capita Income in State
Source: 5-Year American Community Survey 2019
Orange (1), $42,231
Wake (2), $40,982
Chatham (3), $40,967
Durham (6), $35,398
Alamance (37), $27,312
Hyde (100), $18,245
$-
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
Orange
County,
NC
Wake
County,
NC
Chatham
County,
NC
Mecklenburg
County,
NC
Union
County,
NC
Durham
County,
NC
Moore
County,
NC
Dare
County,
NC
New
Hanover
County,
NC
Carteret
County,
NC
Brunswick
County,
NC
Iredell
County,
NC
Buncombe
County,
NC
Cabarrus
County,
NC
Currituck
County,
NC
Lincoln
County,
NC
Henderson
County,
NC
Davie
County,
NC
Forsyth
County,
NC
Guilford
County,
NC
Polk
County,
NC
Haywood
County,
NC
Transylvania
County,
NC
Craven
County,
NC
Pender
County,
NC
Pamlico
County,
NC
Macon
County,
NC
Clay
County,
NC
Catawba
County,
NC
Camden
County,
NC
Johnston
County,
NC
Perquimans
County,
NC
Beaufort
County,
NC
Nash
County,
NC
Gaston
County,
NC
Person
County,
NC
Alamance
County,
NC
Franklin
County,
NC
Pitt
County,
NC
Granville
County,
NC
Watauga
County,
NC
Alexander
County,
NC
Stokes
County,
NC
Chowan
County,
NC
Davidson
County,
NC
Madison
County,
NC
Stanly
County,
NC
Gates
County,
NC
Rowan
County,
NC
Surry
County,
NC
Jackson
County,
NC
Wayne
County,
NC
Yadkin
County,
NC
Wilkes
County,
NC
Mitchell
County,
NC
Cumberland
County,
NC
Lee
County,
NC
Ashe
County,
NC
Wilson
County,
NC
Pasquotank
County,
NC
Montgomery
County,
NC
Yancey
County,
NC
Burke
County,
NC
Onslow
County,
NC
Randolph
County,
NC
McDowell
County,
NC
Rockingham
County,
NC
Rutherford
County,
NC
Cherokee
County,
NC
Caswell
County,
NC
Caldwell
County,
NC
Lenoir
County,
NC
Harnett
County,
NC
Martin
County,
NC
Bladen
County,
NC
Warren
County,
NC
Washington
County,
NC
Alleghany
County,
NC
Swain
County,
NC
Vance
County,
NC
Bertie
County,
NC
Sampson
County,
NC
Columbus
County,
NC
Cleveland
County,
NC
Northampton
County,
NC
Jones
County,
NC
Halifax
County,
NC
Anson
County,
NC
Richmond
County,
NC
Avery
County,
NC
Hoke
County,
NC
Edgecombe
County,
NC
Graham
County,
NC
Duplin
County,
NC
Hertford
County,
NC
Tyrrell
County,
NC
Greene
County,
NC
Scotland
County,
NC
Robeson
County,
NC
Hyde
County,
NC

Wake Leads, Orange 2nd in Regional Median
Household Income in 2019
Household Income is the total annual earnings of all members of a household, whether they are a family or
separate individuals living together (Distinct from Median Family Income and Per Capita Income)
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE)
$74,314 $70,258 $65,541
$57,963
$84,377
$57,388
$65,712
Orange Chatham Durham Alamance Wake North
Carolina
United
States

Orange Leads, Chatham Tails Neighboring Counties in
Median Household Income Growth 2010 to 2019
Percent change in median household income from 2010 to 2019, adjusted for inflation $2019
31.3%
26.9%
24.5%
24.0%
20.1%
19.3%
18.3%
Orange
Alamance
Wake
Durham
North Carolina
United States
Chatham

Orange Ranks 1st, Chatham 2nd in Average AGI
Average AGI on All Returns Rank (of 100 Counties)
Orange County $105,988 1
Chatham County $94,255 2
Wake County $92,888 3
Durham County $71,222 9
Alamance County $55,405 34
Source: IRS
Average adjusted gross income (AGI) on tax returns, 2018

Orange Ranks 1st, Chatham 10th in AGI for Itemized Returns
Average AGI on Itemized Returns Rank (of 100 Counties)
Source: IRS
Average adjusted gross income (AGI) on itemized tax returns, 2018

Orange and Chatham Rank Near Bottom on Percent of AGI
Contributed to Charitable Causes
Percent of AGI Contributed Rank (of 100 Counties)
Alamance County 7% 56
Durham County 6% 76
Wake County 5% 88
Chatham County 5% 89
Orange County 5% 95
Source: IRS
Average adjusted gross income (AGI) percent contributed to charitable causes on tax returns, 2018

Orange Top Ten in Dollars Given to Charity
Average Itemized Contributions
Reported
Rank (of 100 Counties)
Source: IRS
Average itemized contribution to charitable causes on tax returns, 2018

Percent of People in Poverty Declines Across Region
from 2010 and 2015 to 2019
2000 2005 2010 2015 2019
Orange County 10% 14% 17% 14% 13%
Chatham County 9% 11% 14% 12% 9%
Durham County 11% 14% 18% 17% 14%
Alamance County 9% 12% 18% 19% 15%
Wake County 7% 10% 12% 11% 8%
North Carolina 12% 15% 17% 16% 14%
United States 11% 13% 15% 15% 12%

Chatham and Wake Have Lowest Local Poverty Rate
Percent of people (all ages) in poverty, 2019
13%
9%
14% 15%
8%
14%
12%
Orange
County
Chatham
County
Durham
County
Alamance
County
Wake
County
North
Carolina
United
States

Wake Has Lowest Local Child Poverty Rate
Percent of Children (under 18) in poverty, 2019
13% 12%
21% 22%
9%
19%
17%
Orange
County
Chatham
County
Durham
County
Alamance
County
Wake
County
North
Carolina
United
States

13% of Orange County Children Live in Poverty
RWJF: Percent of people under the age of 18 living in poverty
Source: 2021 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Health Rankings
19%
13% 12%
22% 21%
9%
North Carolina Orange Chatham Alamance Durham Wake

Number of Children in Poverty Rises in Orange, But Down
from 2010 Peak; Chatham Declines
4,822
3,745
2,952
1,811
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Orange County Chatham County
Total number of children (under 19) in poverty by county, 2000 to 2019

Percent of Children in Poverty Down from Peak;
Orange Now Exceeds Chatham
17% 13%
22%
12%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Orange County Chatham County
Percent of children (under 18) in poverty by county, 2000 to 2019

Hispanic and Black Children More Likely to Live
in Poverty
Percentage of children (under 18) living in poverty by race/ethnicity
10%
26%
30%
4%
17%
25%
11%
8%
42%
38%
13%
13%
30%
38%
6%
8%
21%
30%
4%
Asian Black Hispanic White
Orange Chatham Alamance Durham Wake

Orange County FNS Cases & Participants Approaching
Post-Recession Peak After Start of COVID-19
Number of cases (families) and participants (individuals) receiving Orange County Food and Nutrition
Services (FNS, formerly Food Stamps) in January each year 2007 through 2021
Source: NC Department of Health and Human Services
Jan 2021, 5,757
Jan 2014, 6,279
Jan 2007, 2,925
Jan 2021, 11,193
Jan 2012, 11,779
Jan 2007, 6,111
1,000
3,000
5,000
7,000
9,000
11,000
13,000
Jan-21
Jan-20
Jan-19
Jan-18
Jan-17
Jan-16
Jan-15
Jan-14
Jan-13
Jan-12
Jan-11
Jan-10
Jan-09
Jan-08
Jan-07
Cases Participants

Orange County Food and Nutrition Services
Participants Increase by 2,600 Since Jan 2020
Number of cases (families) and participants (individuals) receiving Orange County Food and Nutrition
Services (formerly Food Stamps) each month January 2020 through June 2021
Jun-21, 6,140
Mar-21, 5,991
Jun-20, 5,324
Jan-20, 4,540
Jun-21, 11,641
Mar-21, 11,402
Jun-20, 10,394
Jan-20, 9,002
1,000
3,000
5,000
7,000
9,000
11,000
13,000
Cases Participants

Jan 2021, 2,637
Jan 2012, 3,079
Jan 2007, 1,345
Jan 2021, 5,350
Jan 2012, 6,632
Jan 2007, 2,948
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Cases Participants
Chatham County FNS Cases & Participants Rise
Sharply After Start of COVID-19
Number of cases (families) and participants (individuals) receiving Chatham County Food and Nutrition
Services (FNS, formerly Food Stamps) in January each year 2007 through 2021

Food Insecurity Rate, 2019
Percentage of population experiencing Food Insecurity - (USDA: Food Insecurity is a lack of consistent
access to enough food for an active, healthy life)
Source: Feeding America
11.6% 11.7%
13.7%
12.1%
10.1%

Food Insecurity Rate Declines Across the Region
Percentage of population experiencing Food Insecurity 2013 vs. 2019 - (USDA: Food Insecurity is a lack of
consistent access to enough food for an active, healthy life)
15.4%
12.0%
16.7%
18.2%
14.4%
18.3%
11.6% 11.7%
13.7%
12.1%
10.1%
13.5%
Orange Chatham Alamance Durham Wake North Carolina
2013 2019

Number of Food Insecure Individuals Declines in
Orange and Neighboring Counties; Chatham Increases
Change in the number of food insecure individuals from 2013 to 2019 (USDA: Food Insecurity is a lack of
consistent access to enough food for an active, healthy life)
-4,140
600
-3,090
-12,530
-25,890

Federal Income Eligibility Guidelines for Free and
Reduced-Price School Meals (Annualized)
Household Size Free Reduced Price
Household of 1 $16,237 $23,107
Household of 2 $21,983 $31,284
Household of 3 $27,729 $39,461
Household of 4 $33,475 $47,638
Household of 5 $39,221 $55,815
Household of 6 $44,967 $63,992
Household of 7 $50,713 $72,169
‘Free’ meals are available for families earning less than 130% of the federal poverty line and ‘reduced’ for
families 130-185% of poverty. The rates below are set for July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020
Source: US Department of Agriculture

Percent of Students Enrolled in Free & Reduced Meals
Declines Slightly in Local & Neighboring Districts
Percent of local students qualifying for free or reduce price meals (‘Free’ meals are available for families
earning less than 130% of the federal poverty line and ‘Reduced’ for families earning 130%-185%)
Source: North Carolina Department of Public Instruction
43%
27%
48%
62% 64%
34%
42%
26%
46%
59% 62%
33%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Orange
County
CHCCS Chatham Alamance Durham Wake
2018-2019 2019-2020 (preliminary)

Free & Reduced Lunch Enrollment Down in Chatham,
Up in Orange and CHCCS
Percentage point change in share of students enrolled in Free and Reduced Lunch, 2011 to 2020 (‘Free’
meals are available for families earning less than 130% of the federal poverty line and ‘Reduced’ for families
earning 130%-185%)
2.0
2.9
-4.3
5.7
-0.3 0.0
Orange
County
CHCCS Chatham Alamance Durham Wake
Source: North Carolina Department of Public Instruction

Orange Housing Helpline Phone Calls Up 25%
Since August 2020
Orange County Partnership to End Homelessness Housing Help Line monthly phone and email traffic
Source: Orange County Housing and Community Development
566
2,048
1,046
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Number of People Number of Calls Number of Emails

Number of Individuals Experiencing Homelessness
Highest in 2021, 42% increase from 2020
Orange County Annual Point in Time Homelessness Count, 2012 to 2021
Source: Orange County Partnership to End Homelessness
110
123
108
129
80
127
152
131 124
176
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Share of Orange County Homeless who are
Chronically Homeless Rises to 22%
Chronically homeless is defined as an individual with a disabling condition who has experienced
homelessness for longer than a year (during which time the individual may have lived in a shelter, or a place
not meant for human habitation)
26%
23% 21%
19% 20%
11% 13%
18%
10%
22%
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Number of Orange County Chronically Homeless
Individuals Increasing
Total chronically homeless, Orange County Annual Point in Time Count, 2012 to 2021
29 28
23 25
16 14
19
24
13
38
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

36 Individuals Unsheltered in Orange County in 2021 (20%
of All Homeless)
Number of unsheltered individuals Orange County Point in Time Count, 2012 to 2021
28 30
9
20
15
37 39
29
19
36
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

People Experiencing Homelessness Sheltered
Number of Sheltered Homeless, Orange County Annual Point in Time Count
109
65
90
113
102 105
140
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Number of Homeless Families and Children Declines
Orange County Annual Point in Time Count
27
14
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Homeless Families Homeless Children in Families

Orange Ranks First in Health Behaviors & Clinical Care, 2021
Orange Chatham Durham Who is #1
Length of Life 2 9 7 Wake
Quality of Life 3 12 8 Dare
Health Behaviors 1 3 4 Orange
Clinical Care 1 11 6 Orange
Social and Economic
Factors 2 16 26 Wake
Physical Environment 6 86 37 Onslow
County rank, out of the 100 counties in North Carolina

Adult Smoking
RWJF: Percentage of adults who are current smokers
18%
15%
17%
15%
21%
14%
13%
19%
21%
18%
12%
16%
Note: Monroe, IN and Clarke, GA are comparisons based on city
visits done by Chamber; the other counties outside of NC are
among the recommended comparison places from RWJF

Adults with Obesity
RWJF: Percentage of the adult population (age 20+) that reports a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2
32%
22%
26% 28%
38%
28%
14%
25% 25%
28%
21%
29%

Access to Exercise Opportunities
RWJF: Percentage of population with adequate access to locations for physical activity
74%
84%
63%
90%
80%
90%
96%
82% 87% 92% 97%
89%

Excessive Drinking
RWJF: Percentage of adults who report binge or heavy drinking
18%
19% 19%
16%
18% 18%
21%
16% 17%
22% 22%
20%

Children in Poverty
RWJF: Percentage of people under the age of 18 in poverty
19%
13% 12%
21% 22%
9% 8%
27%
15%
12% 12%
14%

Violent Crime per 100,000 Residents
RWJF: Number of violent crime offenses per 100,000 population
351
160 165
666
382
115
242
405
307
436
238
353

Air Pollution – Particulate Matter
RWJF: Average daily density of fine particulate matter in micrograms per cubic meter (PM2.5)
8.5
9.4 9.5 9.5 9.2
10.1
6.9
8.3
6.5 6.3
9.5
7.6

Uninsured Children
RWJF: Percentage of children under age 19 without health insurance
5% 5%
7%
5%
6%
5%
4%
7%
8%
1%
4%
2%

Life Expectancy
RWJF: Average number of years a person can expect to live
78.1
82.3
81.1
80.3
77.3
81.8
82.8
80.5
79.0 79.3
83.0
78.6

Drug Overdose Deaths
RWJF: Number of drug poisoning deaths per 100,000 population
22.3
12.1
15.5 15.3
24.1
12.4 13.0
17.9
11.8
34.9
19.4
15.2

Black/White Residential Segregation
RWJF: Index of dissimilarity where higher values indicate greater residential segregation between Black and
White county residents.
50.1
27.4 28.0
39.5 40.5 43.6
53.2
43.0
31.8
53.2
59.8
55.6

Minority/White Residential Segregation
RWJF: Index of dissimilarity where higher values indicate greater residential segregation between non-
White and White county residents.
44.9
24.8 25.9
35.6 38.5 37.1
24.3
31.1
26.9
42.3
47.7
28.3

Orange County Records Lowest Teenage Birth Rate, One
Fifth the NC Rate
RWJF: Number of births per 1,000 female population ages 15-19
22
4
15
21 20
12
North Carolina Orange Chatham Alamance Durham Wake

Teenage Birth Rate Highest Among Hispanic Females
Births per 1,000 females ages 15-19 by race/ethnicity
11
19
2
17
32
10
31
41
13
21
51
5
Black Hispanic White
Orange Chatham Alamance Durham

Leadership 2022, Session 4, 101 on Community Health and Human Services

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Leadership 2022, Session 4, 101 on Community Health and Human Services