The document discusses public policies for mainstreaming climate-smart agriculture (CSA) at large scales. It asks (A) if existing policies support CSA, (B) how to motivate policymakers to integrate CSA, and (C) constraints in integrating research into policy. For A, there is no specific CSA policy and it needs to be included in agriculture policies. For B, building consensus with research evidence and awareness at global and local levels can motivate policymakers. For C, constraints include lack of communication between researchers and policymakers, insufficient resources, and research not aligned with government priorities.

1. Public policies for large scale adoption of CSA
Questions
A. Are existing public policies for mainstreaming climate smart agriculture on a broader
scale?
B. How can we motivate policy makers to integrate climate smart agriculture into the
national, sub-national and local levels?
C. What are the constraints in integrating new research findings into public policies?
A. Are existing public policies for mainstreaming climate smart agriculture on a broader
scale?
The following issues were identified to address the CAS policies in upcoming agricultural
or related policies
1. There is not such policy at present specific to CSA. And policy making is a dynamic and
continuous process.
2. So, there is a need of refining or re-tuning in order to include CSA policies.
3. There should be strong implementation mechanism.
4. Integration with agriculture policies is to be done.
5. CSA is relatively new issue and therefore it is lacking in the existing public policies.
6. CSA policies should not be trade –off with food security.
B. How can we motivate policy makers to integrate climate smart agriculture into the
national, sub-national and local levels?
1. Need research based data, empirical evidence to influence policy makers and
developing strong communication.
2. Creating awareness:
a. Influence at two levels
- Global (e.g. IPCC, WHO, USAID etc.): By creating International pressurize
group
- Local level: by creating demand at local level (demand driven)

2. b. Educate people
3. Need broader consensus among public private and NGO people,
a. Involvement of policy people in research, meetings, workshops
b. Involve in the demonstration activities
4. Policy making is top-down approach-make it participatory; use local knowledge; involve
local actors; local government must be involved,
C. What are the constraints in integrating new research findings into public policies?
1. Lacking/limited Strong communication
a. Among scientist, needy farmers and policy makers.
b. National and local levels
2. Lacking strong coordination among different institutions
i. Agriculture
ii. Environment
iii. National agriculture research council etc.,
3. Lacking or insufficient resource allocation (Financial aspect and investment)
4. Attitudinal constraints of community people; not easily accepted new policies
5. Time constraints while finalizing policies
6. Research system should involve both scientist and politicians. (lacking politicians
involvement in research caused lower or no acceptance of new policy)
7. Link the research with government priorities
8. Most of the time scientists are giving recommendation only. So, for CSA policy to be
implemented a full package program (how it works? Where applicable, implementation,
investment (cost), monitoring and evaluation mechanism etc.) must be provided to the
policy makers and implementers. This is lacking or limited.
9. Not appropriate mechanism to mainstream into the government policy.
- meta data analysis as needed
10. Institutional constraints are larger than any others.
11. Dedicated institutes linking research findings to policy makers.
a. Marketing is to be made strong enough