Causes, signs, symptoms, and levels of prevention of tuberculosis

1. PULMONARY
TUBERCULOSIS
Presented by:
Group 3

2. What is
Tuberculosis???

3. - a contagious bacterial
infection.
TUBERCULOSIS
- usually attacks the lungs but
can attack any part of the body (i.e.
kidneys, spine, and brain)

4. Causes, Incidence,
and Risk Factors

5. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

6. TB is spread through the air from the
infected person to another, especially
when the person infected coughs,
sneezes, or speaks.

7. 200,000 to 600,000 :Filipinos have active TB
Philippines : #9 in the top 22 high-burden TB
countries in the world
-World Health Organization

9. TB is NOT spread by the
following…

10. • Shaking someone’s hand

11. • Sharing food or drinks

12. • Touching bed linens or toilet seats

13. • Sharing toothbrushes

14. • Kissing

15. People at high risk of active TB

16. • Elderly

17. • Infants

18. • People with weakened immune
systems

19. • People around infected people

20. • People with poor nutrition

21. The following increases rate of TB
infection in a population:
• HIV infections
• Appearance of drug-resistant
strains of TB
• Increase in number of
homeless people

22. Signs and Symptoms

23. Symptoms

24. • Coughing with mucus/blood

25. • Excessive sweating, esp. at night

26. • Fatigue

27. • Fever

28. • Weight loss

29. Other Symptoms:
• Breathing difficulty
• Wheezing
• Chest pain

30. Signs:
• Clubbing of fingers and toes
• Fluid around a lung (pleural
effusion)
• Swollen or tender lymph nodes
• Unusual breathing sounds

31. Tests

32. Used for diagnosis:
• Biopsy
• Chest CT scan
• Bronchoscopy
• Chest x-ray
• Sputum examination

33. Levels of Prevention

34. Primary level
• adequate exercise
• enough rest and sleep
• balanced diet
• avoidance of smoking and alcohol
• good personal hygiene
• breathing fresh air and maintaining good
indoor ventilation
• BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerin) vaccination

35. All four of the following drugs are
taken everyday for a period of 2
months:
• Rifampicin
• Isoniazid
• *Pyrazinamide
• *Ethambutol
*Myrin-P Forte
Secondary level

36. • always cover mouth when coughing,
sneezing or laughing
• carefully dispose of any used tissues in a
sealed plastic bag
• open windows when possible to ensure a
good supply of fresh air
• do not sleep in the same room as other
people
Tertiary level

37. Thank You!!!