biography

1. NELSON ROLIHLALHA
MANDELA
Umtata, Transkei 18 July 1918 –
Johannesburgo 5 December 2013

2. We have all heard about Nelson Mandela,
but I am going to talk about some details of
his life that not eveybody knows.
•Did you know that this man
was an aristocrat?
He belonged to the Xhosa
royal family, he was the
king’s of the tribe son. He
abdicated to the throne in
order to be able to study.
•Do you know what career he studied?
Nelson Mandela became a lawyer in 1942

3. •In 1944, he entered the African National
Congress (ANC), an african socialist movement:
nacionalist, anti-racist and anti-imperialist.
•In 1948 The National Party got to the power in
South Africa. This political party institutionalised
the racial segregation by creating the apartheid
movement. Following Ghandi’s ideals, the ANC
used non-violent methods to fight: The youth
league (led by Mandela in 1951-52) organized
civil disobedience campaigns against the
segregation laws.

4. •In 1952 he led the ANC, he was put into jail
several times and in 1956 he was judged for the
first time and he was also released.
•Did you know that his fight was not always
peaceful?
The ANC had no choice to become an armed
and a violent recistance due to be considered not
legal in 1960 and in 1961 it used the sabotage as
a strategy against the system of the recent
proclaimed South African Republic; He was in
charged of leading the armed wing of the ANC
(the Spare of the Nation). Its strategy focused on
attacking facilities of major economic or symbolic
importance leaving out human beings.

5. •Do you know how many
times he got married, and
how many children he
had?
He had five children with
his wives Evelyn Wase
(1944) and Winnie
Madikizela (1958) and at
the age of 80 years old, he
got married again with
Graça Machel (a widow of
the Mozambican president
Samora Machel), she was
27 years older than him.

6. •In 1962 he traveled around defferent african
countries raising funds, getting military
training and making propaganda of the
Southafrican cause. When he came back, he
was arrested and sentenced to five years in
prision. A later trial against the leaders of the
Spare of the Nation sentenced him to life in
prision in 1964.

7. •On February 11th, 1990, prisioner number 46664
hugged the same people who had sent him to jail
and left the prision Victor Verster after having spent
there 27 years.
•In 1993 he received the Nobel Peace Prize along
with Frederik de Klerk.
•In 1994 was elected Chief of the State to run for five
years and after which, he retired from the internal
political affairs.

8. “I have cherished the ideal of a
democratic and free society in which all
persons will live together in harmony
and with equal opportunities. It is an
ideal for which I hope to live for and to
see realised. But, My Lord, if it needs
be, it is an ideal for which I am
prepared to die.”