2. Info
2 kidneys, 2 ureters, bladder, 2 sphincter muscles, nerves in the
bladder and urethra
Works with lungs, skin and intestines
It depends on how much fluid you consume each day, and
your food to the amount of urine you empty per day
Removes a waste called urea from your blood
Urea is produced when food contain proteins, like meat
While you urinate, the brain tells the bladder to tighten so the
urine can squeeze out of the bladder
Volume of urine formed at night is half of the volume formed at
daytime.
3. Function
Keeps chemicals and removes urea from the
blood
Take nutrients from the food and convert it into
energy
Maintain volume and composition of body fluids
4. Organs
Kidneys: remove liquid waste from the blood. To
keep a balance of other substances in blood
and also salts. Also to produce erythropoietin,
which is a hormone that supports the formation
of red blood cells.
Ureters: Carry urine from kidneys to bladder, by
narrow tubes. Almost every 10 to 15 seconds,
urine is emptied into the bladder by the ureters in
small amounts.
Nerves in the bladder: Says when it is time to
urinate or to empty the bladder.
5. More organs
Bladder: In lower abdomen. Their walls relax and
expand to store urine and then contract and
flatten to empty urine through the urethra.
Sphincter muscles: Helps to prevent urine from
leaking by closing tightly around the opening of
the bladder.
Urethra: Tube that allows urine to go out of the
body.
6. Diseases
Kidney stones: Stones are formed in kidney and
can de found anywhere in urinary system. They
can cause pain. You can remove the stones.
Men are often more affected than woman.
Prostatitis: Inflammation of prostate gland, which
results in urinary frequency, painful or burning
urination.
Proteinuria: abnormal amount of protein in urine.
Doe not cause problem itself, but may be sign
that kidneys are not working properly.
7. Continued
Renal (kidney) failure: Kidneys are not able to
regulate water and chemicals in the body and
remove waste products from blood. Acute renal
failure (ARF) is the start of the kidney failure. May
lead to permanent loss of kidney function.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may lead to
permanent kidney failure or end – stage renal
disease (ESRD). You may not know you have
CKD for some years. You get it because the
kidneys fail to sufficiently filter toxins and waste
products from the blood.
