Learn about special element names, inorganic compounds and basic reaction types

1. Terminology
Inorganic Chemistry
Aj Chris UP 2019

3. 11 non-English element names

4. Cations and Anions
Sb (Stibium) = Antimony
SbCl5 = Antinomy pentachloride
Sb2O3 = Antimony (III) oxide
Na3SbS4 = Thio antimonate
Sn (Stannum) = Tin
SnCl4 = Tin tetrachloride
SnCl6
2- =hexachloro stannate
Au (Aurum) = Gold
AuCl3 = Gold trichloride
HAuCl4 = auric acid Fe (Ferrum) = Iron
FeCl3 = Iron trichloride
K3Fe(CN)6 =hexacyano ferrate
Cu (Cuprum) = Copper
CuCl2 = Copper dichloride
Na2Cu(Cl)4 =tetrachloro cuprate
Ag (Argentum) = Silver
Ag(NO3)2 = Silver nitrate
[Ag(CN)2]− =dicyano argentate
Pb (Plumbum) = Lead
PbCl4 = Lead tetrachloride
PbCl6
2- =hexachloro plumbate

5. Non english names
• Sodium
• Potassium
• Tungsten
• Mercury
• Tin
• Antimony
• Lead
• Copper
• Silver
• Gold
• Iron
Find the element symbols !

6. https://www.compoundchem.com/2016/02/02/confusing-elements/

7. Elements named after countries
One country is named after an element: Argentum
Europium Eu

8. (1) Nomenclature - Salts
Metal name + anion name (ide, -ate, it)
NaSO4 = Sodium sulfate
Na2SO3 = Sodium sulfite
NaCl = sodium chloride
Na ClO = hypochlorite (bleach)
Na ClO2 = chlorite
Na ClO3 = chlorate
Na ClO4 = perchlorate

9. (2) Nomenclature - complexes
Ligand name(s) + Metal name
(a) Metal is Cation
Fe(H2O)6 = hexa aqua iron (II or III)
(b) Metal is Anion (add “–ate”)
K4 Fe(CN)6 = hexa cyano ferrate(II)
Na Ni(Cl)3 = tri chloro nickelate
[CuCl4]2- = tetra chloro cuprate
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(In
organic_Chemistry)/Coordination_Chemistry/Nomenclature_of_Coordination_Complexes

10. http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/~edudev/Lab
Tutorials/naming_coord_comp.html

12. FeBr3
1
Pt(NH3)2Cl4
11
*Pt(CO)₃H₂O+Br₂
21
K2CO3
2
(NH4)2[Ni(C2O4)2(H2O)2]
12
Na*Fe(CN)₂(C₂O₄)₂+
22
WO3
3
Fe(CO)5
13
*Cr(NH₃)₃
NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂Cl+I₂
23
Na2 CuCl4
4
[Fe(NH3)6](NO3)3
14
[Cr(H2O)5Cl] Cl2
24
Co(H2O)3F3
5
Na3[FeCl1(CN)5]
15
W(PPh3)3(CO)3
25
[Cr(NH3)3(H2O)3]Cl3
6
K3[CoF6]
16
Ni(CO)4
26
[Pt(NH3)5Cl]Br3
7
*Co(NH₃)₅Cl+Cl₂
17
Na [PtCl3(NH3)]
27
[Pt(H2NCH2CH2NH2)2Cl2]Cl2
8
Ru(NH₃)₅Cl²⁺
18
trans-
[Co(en)2I(H2O)](NO3)2
28
[Co(H2NCH2CH2NH2)3]2(SO4)3
9
Mn(NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂)₃²⁺
19
Na2[NiCl4]
10
*Pt(NH₃)₃Br+Cl
20

13. (3) Organometallic compounds
Have at least one metal-carbon bond:

14. examples

15. REACTIONS
Part 2

16. Reactions
Compare the following reactions:
KMnO4 + H2O2 -> O2 + MnO2 + KOH + H2O
KMnO4 + H2O2 + H+ -> O2 + Mn2+ + H2O + K+
Which atom is oxidized/reduced ?
What is the change in oxidation number ?

17. Oxidation numbers
Assign bonding electrons to the more electronegative atom
All bonding electrons go to the oxygens
Mn has no electrons left
 normally Mn has 7 VE
Mn has ox.nr. +7
The bonding electrons O-H go to the oxygen,
Between O-O they are split
Each O has 7 electrons
Normally O has 6 electrons
 ox nr. Is now -1

18. Bond Formation by
Lewis acid-base reaction
(even number of electrons is exchanged)
(1) Lewis Acid-Base Reactions
5 Reaction Types
https://www.meta-synthesis.com/webbook/11_five/five.html
What is acid and base here ?
CuSO4 + 6 H2O == [Cu(H2O)6] SO4

19. (2) Redox reactions
(uneven number of electrons is
transferred)

20. Example
We can write so-called HALF-EQUATIONS for each species:
Which one is Reduction or Oxidation ?
Combined together:
https://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/redox/
equations.html

21. (3) Photochemical Reactions
Simplest case:
In AAS a single electron is excited from HOMO
to HOMO+1 and falls back after a short time

22. Example
Reaction between methane and bromine under UV light:
UV light causes formation of Br radicals:

23. (4/5) Radical and Diradical Reactions
Two single electrons combine to
form a new bond
(Triplet Oxygen is a diradical)

24. Important name reactions
Fenton oxidation:
Stille reaction:

25. Ullmann reaction:
Wurtz reaction:
Grignard reactions:
?

26. Grignard Mechanism

27. Terms we have learned
• Nomenclature
• Redox reaction
• Lewis acid-base reaction
• Americium / Europium / Germanium / Polonium
• argentate / aurate / stannate / plumbate / cuprate
• Organometallic chemistry
• cation / anion / Complex ion
• Fenton / Wurtz / Ullmann / Stille / Grignard reaction