1. TEACHING WRITING
KSSR YEAR 2
2011
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2. CONTENT AND LEARNING STANDARDS
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3. CONTENT AND LEARNING STANDARDS
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4. CONTENT AND LEARNING STANDARDS
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5. REFLECT: Writing Dos and Don’ts
 When teaching writing to Level 1 pupils, what do
you normally…
 …tell them to do?
 …tell them not to do?
 Activity 1: ‘Stickies’
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6. Writing: Process versus Product
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7. Writing: Process versus Product
Product Process
Neatness Choosing a Topic
Good Spelling Gathering
Information
Correct Punctuation Organizing Ideas
Perfect Sentences Composing
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8. What is your emphases?
 The Process or the Product?
 Developing writing skills happen over a series of
stages and it doesn’t happen quickly.
 It is a PROCESS.
(Curriculum Development Department, MoE)
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9. SCAFFOLDED WRITING
4 SCAFFOLDED STAGES TO TEACHING THE
WRITING SKILLS TO CHILDREN
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10. To teach writing effectively…
 …teachers need to provide scaffolding required
for the particular writing activity.
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11. Scaffolding in Education
 Like its namesake in the construction industry,
scaffolding in education is a temporary support
mechanism. Students receive assistance early on
to complete tasks, then as their proficiency
increases, that support is gradually removed.
(http://serc.carleton.edu)
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12. THE FOUR SCAFFOLDED STAGES
 Modeled Writing
 Shared Writing
 Guided Writing
 Independent Writing
Activity 2: Group Task
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13. MODELED WRITING
 The teacher is the active writer.
 Teacher chooses the topic.
 Teacher demonstrates the skills of gathering and
ordering information.
 Teacher thinks aloud.
 Teacher writes slowly and says a few words ahead
before she writes them.
 Teacher asks pupils what they would like to know
to model the thought process in writing.
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14. MODELED WRITING - VIDEO
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15. SHARED WRITING
 Pupils contribute ideas while the teacher writes.
 Lots of discussions, questions and answers.
 Thinking aloud continues to be used.
 Teacher will scribe the words, but students are
now invited to contribute to the piece.
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16. SHARED WRITING - VIDEO
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17. GUIDED WRITING
 The step between teacher-directed and
independent writing.
 Teacher utilizes prompts and clues to help
develop ideas and organization.
 Teacher works with students either in small
groups or individually.
 Oral discussion of sentences is conducted before
writing.
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18. GUIDED WRITING - VIDEO
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19. INDEPENDENT WRITING
 Pupils use ideas from Shared Writing to produce
their own independent piece.
 Pupils may refer to other materials to revise and
edit composition.
 Pupils effectively utilize written language for
their own purposes or as assigned by the teacher.
 Teacher should include a time to share the pupils’
writing to provide validation.
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20. CONTROLLED WRITING
WRITING ACTIVITIES IN THE CLASSROOM
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21. CONTROLLED WRITING
 Controlled writing focuses on establishing
patterns, structure, punctuation and word order.
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22. ACTIVITIES FOR CONTROLLED WRITING
 Copying
 Making lists
 Filling up forms
 Fill-in-the-blanks
 Using substitution tables
 Rebus writing
 Sample of worksheet
 The Very Hungry Caterpillar
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23. REFERENCES
 http://www.primary-education-
oasis.com/teaching-writing-to-children.html
 http://www.ehow.com/info_8221330_controlled-
writing-activities.html
 http://www.youtube.com
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