Wilson1e Ch09

1. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Chapter 9
History of Exercise and Sport

2. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
A Brief History of Exercise and
Sport History
 Exercise and Sport History
 Journalizing
 American Turf Register and Sporting Magazine (1829)
 Spirit of the Times (1831)
 As the popularity of organized sports and exercise
grew, so did the nations hunger to read about it

3. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Exercise and Sport History
 The Golden Age of Sports (1920’s)
 Jim Thorpe, Ty Cobb, Helen Wills, Knute Rockne,
and Babe Ruth
 Popular writers made the athletes of the 1920’s
household names

4. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Exercise and Sport History
 “Organized Sport in Industrialized America”
by John Richard Betts (1951)
 Modern exercise and sport arise from three
intersecting social forces
 The closing of the Western frontier
 The growth of cities and urban centers
 The growing sophistication of industrial technology

5. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Physical Education and Health
History
 Systems of Exercise
 Promoted through a variety of publications
 Mind and Body (1894)
 The American Physical Education Review (1896)
 Physical Training (1903)
 “New” Physical Education
Thomas D. Wood, Charles H. McCoy, Luther Gluck
 College Physical Education Association

6. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
General Course Content
 Follow a historical timeline
 Consistent with significant dates in American
history
 1600-1776
 1776-1850
 1850-1896
 1896-1950
 1950-Present

7. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Specific Course Content
 1600-1776
 Colonial America--modern exercise and sport did
not exist
 The survival needs of food, shelter, and clothing, took
precedence over recreation for immigrants along the
Eastern seaboard
 Blue Laws
 Northern colonies--indentured servants
 Southern colonies--African slaves, blood sports

8. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Specific Course Content
 1776-1850
 Frederick Jackson Turner--Frontier Thesis
 Tom Molyneaux
 Pedestrianism
 Rowing
 Hunting and Fishing
 Opportunities for physical activities for girls and
women were few

9. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Specific Course Content
 1850-1896
 This was a period of growth for exercise and sport
 Social and economic forces coming together
 Rapidly growing cities
 Closing of the Western frontier
 Increasing industrial inventions
 Decreased religious objections to exercise and sport
 Sport could generate income and profit
 Colleges began to value sport participation

10. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Specific Course Content
 1850-1896 (cont’d)
 Civil War
 Early 1860’s
 Physical activity increased during this time
 Advancement of the sciences
 Evolutionary theory
 Women still thought of as frail
 Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA)
 Muscular Christianity
 Exercise and sporting activities were for whites only

11. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Specific Course Content
 1896-1950
 YMCA/ YWCA
 Both increased their sponsorship of sporting competitions
 1919 White Sox World Series
 Scandalized the baseball world
 Eight players were banned for life from baseball
 Radio broadcasts of sports
 Jack Dempsey, Bobby Jones, the Four Horsemen of Notre
Dame
 The Great Depression and World War II
 Massive unemployment meant in increase in free time

12. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Specific Course Content
 1950-Present
 Television
 Title IX of the Educational Amendments Act
 1972
 Billie Jean King
 Modern crusader for gender equity in sports

13. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Professional Organizations
 North American Society for Sport History
(NASSH)
 British Society of Sports History
 International Society for the History of
Physical Education and Sport
 International Society of Olympic Historians
 Australian Society for Sport History
 International Association for Museums and
Halls of Fame

14. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Scholarly Journals
 Journal of Sport History
 Sport History Review

15. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Careers in Exercise and Sport
History
 Careers Directly Connected to Exercise and
Sport History
 Higher education
 Historian in sporting Halls of Fame
 Exercise and sports journal or magazine editor
 Sports statistician

16. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Careers in Exercise and Sport
History
 Professional Opportunities Indirectly Tied to
Exercise and Sport History
 Broadcasting
 Newspaper writer or editor
 Athletic director
 Videography
 Website development
 Teachers and coaches