The document presents summaries of several theories of child development:
- Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory which describes eight stages from infancy to adulthood where individuals face new challenges.
- Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory which argues that development is determined by early childhood experiences and how anti-social impulses are handled.
- Edward Thorndike's connectionism theory which views learning as forming associations between stimuli and responses through reinforcement.
- Jean Piaget's cognitive developmental theory where children actively construct understanding through assimilation and accommodation of new information.
- Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory which emphasizes how human development is influenced by cultural and historical contexts through use of artifacts.
8. GLYCEL OSIA LEADER BOBIT CANAPI member MAYLINE ABUZO Materials manager ZACHAREI GANGANO member GRACHELLE BORRINAGA COACH JACQUELINE VIERNES MEMBER MARCO BAQUIRAN MEMBER EMMANUELIZA DILLIG RECORDER FRANCIS ARELLANO MEMBER
10. Human development is a lifelong process of physical, behavioral, cognitive, and emotional growth and change. In the early stages of life—from babyhood to childhood, childhood to adolescence, and adolescence to adulthood—enormous changes take place. Throughout the process, each person develops attitudes and values that guide choices, relationships, and understanding.
29. The learning theory of Thorndike represents the original S-R framework of behavioral psychology: Learning is the result of associations forming between stimuli and responses. Such associations or "habits" become strengthened or weakened by the nature and frequency of the S-R pairings. The paradigm for S-R theory was trial and error learning in which certain responses come to dominate others due to rewards. The hallmark of connectionism (like all behavioral theory) was that learning could be adequately explained without refering to any unobservable internal states.