Share Center - White Paper
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Own your knowledge, empower your future. "Share Center" is a open web application for enhance your capabilities to understand and resolve problems.
![Content
MAnagement
Abstract
Models
Knowledge
Managem
ent
Social
Networks
Com
m
itm
ent
Managem
ent
Open
Source
Techonology
Convergence
2.1 Social Networks
Technology changes everything in our world, it affects all human activities without exception: economics, social relationships, politics,
science, etc. Mobile devices, computers and the Web are some examples of the most recent innovations that have altered the
interactions between persons, changing our work patterns and merging with our daily activities. This evolution has given birth, among
other things, to what we now know as Social Networking.
Online Social Networks are virtual spaces where a group of people can come together to share content (photos, videos, experiences,
art, etc) and interact with each other using tools such as chats or forums. Some of the most popular examples regarding these networks
are Facebook, Linkedin, Twitter and Circles [3][4][5][6].
Most online Social Networks provide tools for contact management, communication and content sharing. The use of tools to perform
activities develops bonds among member and over time to develop attachment to the network. Time is one of the most valuable
resources for community members. It is therefore essential for a Social Network to provide a full suite of tools that supports the members
activities. A good set of tools will take care of its members time and will help them to focus on meeting the network goals.
2.2 Project Management
Social networks are groups of people who share social spaces. A community is a social network whose members share common goals.
When this social networks needs to achieve this goals consistently manner we enter in the realm of Project Management.
There are a lot of methodologies for Project Management, they all share the same concern base. What is more relevant for a project
management methodology is the definition of goals in a specific, measurable, realistic, feasible and bounded in time way [10].
A project is divided in stages by most methodologies. Here we define the stages in a generic way that can easily be applied to various
areas of knowledge [7][8][9]:
Stage Objectives
Inception Definition of Goals
Elaboration Definition of activities, their time of execution and their needs for resources.
Construction Assignation of resources and execute activities.
Transition Delivery of products according to plan.
A good methodology for community projects should ensure that all community members are involved, especially with the activities
related to goals definition and resource assignations. The activities must be performed in an agile and transparent way, ensuring that the
project represents a benefit to the community[19].
The following table shows the equivalences between project stages from different points of view.
Software Business
Knowledge
Management
Science
Inception Preparation Invention Observation
Elaboration Negotiation Planning Hypothesis
Construction Execution Development Experimentation](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Share Center - White Paper
- 1. Share Center (20122014) (Commitment, Knowledge and Content Management) (Horizontal Portals and Social Networks) Diego E. Malpica Chauvet et al. www.openkowledge.mx, diegomalpica@openknowledge.mx Abstract "Share Center" is a web multiuser mind map, a knowledge management tool that can increase for capabilities to understand and resolve problems. Accessible to individuals, groups and small business. 1 Introduction What happens when social networks, knowledge management and commitment management interacts? It is possible to take concepts from the real world social networks and extend their impact to achieve common goals? In this paper we propose a Knowledge Management Model that merges these concepts in a solution that we called "Share Center". Social Networks exist everywhere around us: families, friends, school groups, work groups, sports clubs, etc. Some of this networks are successful and others not. What is the secret to generate long term relationships within a network? Which are the elements that make them successful? Through observation and experimentation we developed a conceptual model that helps us to distinguish the causes and conditions that may benefit the development of a Social Network. For the elaboration of our conceptual model we take concepts from the following knowledge areas: 1. Social Networks 2. Project Management 3. Gift Economy 4. Knowledge Management 5. Commitment Management 6. Open Source 7. Abstract Models 8. Heuristics 9. Business Process Modeling 10. Marketing 11. Massive Multiuser Games Then we applied the model to build a web solution "Share Center" with the following main requirements: Provide and Integral solution considering following three mayor knowledge areas: Social Networks, Knowledge and Commitment Management. Support for at least 1000 users with high concurrency. Define an updated architecture that considers the inherent complexity of the problem and the full life cycle of an open source product. 2 Knowledge Areas
- 2. Content MAnagement Abstract Models Knowledge Managem ent Social Networks Com m itm ent Managem ent Open Source Techonology Convergence 2.1 Social Networks Technology changes everything in our world, it affects all human activities without exception: economics, social relationships, politics, science, etc. Mobile devices, computers and the Web are some examples of the most recent innovations that have altered the interactions between persons, changing our work patterns and merging with our daily activities. This evolution has given birth, among other things, to what we now know as Social Networking. Online Social Networks are virtual spaces where a group of people can come together to share content (photos, videos, experiences, art, etc) and interact with each other using tools such as chats or forums. Some of the most popular examples regarding these networks are Facebook, Linkedin, Twitter and Circles [3][4][5][6]. Most online Social Networks provide tools for contact management, communication and content sharing. The use of tools to perform activities develops bonds among member and over time to develop attachment to the network. Time is one of the most valuable resources for community members. It is therefore essential for a Social Network to provide a full suite of tools that supports the members activities. A good set of tools will take care of its members time and will help them to focus on meeting the network goals. 2.2 Project Management Social networks are groups of people who share social spaces. A community is a social network whose members share common goals. When this social networks needs to achieve this goals consistently manner we enter in the realm of Project Management. There are a lot of methodologies for Project Management, they all share the same concern base. What is more relevant for a project management methodology is the definition of goals in a specific, measurable, realistic, feasible and bounded in time way [10]. A project is divided in stages by most methodologies. Here we define the stages in a generic way that can easily be applied to various areas of knowledge [7][8][9]: Stage Objectives Inception Definition of Goals Elaboration Definition of activities, their time of execution and their needs for resources. Construction Assignation of resources and execute activities. Transition Delivery of products according to plan. A good methodology for community projects should ensure that all community members are involved, especially with the activities related to goals definition and resource assignations. The activities must be performed in an agile and transparent way, ensuring that the project represents a benefit to the community[19]. The following table shows the equivalences between project stages from different points of view. Software Business Knowledge Management Science Inception Preparation Invention Observation Elaboration Negotiation Planning Hypothesis Construction Execution Development Experimentation
- 3. Transition Acceptance Innovation Verification 2.3 Gift economy Manage 1% Produce 26% Comment 34% Share 63% Observe 78% Employe Volunteer Volunteer Volunteer Investment (ROI >= 300%) Manage ? Produce ? Comment ? Share ? Observe ? Involvement ? Involvement The role of economics in Social Networks can be of great significance since it gives a purpose to its creation, consolidation and growth. The mathematician John F. Nash stated that in a competitive environment it is possible to achieve a balance in which both parties do not have to change its position because all their needs have been completely satisfied [11]. Inspired by this work, we can say that in the social networking context, you can increase the benefits to the community and achieve a responsible selfsustaining business model by promoting the exchange of goods and services as gifts. In this context, gifts are products that represent a relatively low cost to the giver, but have a high value for the receiver. A gift economy model applied to a social network has the following benefits: It can help to transform projects into community projects. It can help the social network to become selfsustaining by increasing its value. It can improve key business lines by increasing the bonds between its members and the attachment of members to the network. It can improve the circulation and redistribution of values within the community [12][13]. It can help recruit and retain members by increasing the value of the social network. It can help the funding of projects by involving community members. The most difficult part of building a gift economy is to identify a high value gift for the receiver. There are two relevant quality characteristics that must be found in gifts: durability and transparency. Durability is important because time generates attachment. By transparency we mean the explicit statement of the giver's intentions which is essential to create bonds of trust. 2.4 Knowledge Management We call knowledge management to the set of practices and tools and used to manage the store, consolidate, archive and retrieval of knowledge for their use. Some of the most common tools for knowledge management are : Papers: are public technical articles that explain technology and related ideas to both specialized and not technical audiences[24]. Patents: provide exclusive rights to its inventor for a limited period of time in exchange for a public disclosure of his invention[17][23]. The main idea behind patents is to encourage the development of an area of knowledge, but in practice has a strong tendency to work in opposite directions. Copyright: gives the creator of an original work exclusive right for a certain period of time in relation to that work, including publication, distribution and adaptation. After that time the work is said to become public domain[25]. There are many emerging practices related to copyright that led to the birth of what we now know as Open Source [14]. Mind Maps: are used to generate, visualize, structure, and classify ideas, and as an aid to studying and organizing information, solving problems, making decisions, and writing[30]. Search Engines: Provides index and retrieval of data and documents from a variety of sources such as: file systems, intranets, document management systems, email, and databases. Search engines integrate structured and unstructured data in their collections. Search systems also use access controls to enforce a security policy on their users[33]. Shared Content: Is considered a key factor for innovation and its the main driver of "Open Knowledge", "Open Source" and "Social Networks" philosophies [18][32]. According Charlene Li book "Open leadership" you may obtain a high return of investment in benefits (ROI) en the following activities: Learning 94.00% Support 300.00% Dialog 1667.00% Innovation 650.00% 2.5 Commitment Management Commitment Management can be seen as a specialized form of Knowledge Management. A process can be seen as a chain of commitments. If each commitment takes care of defining a context for generating value. A chain of commitments it is also a value chain. The "Commitment Management Protocol" resumes the best practices for establishing information contexts and honoring commitments[19][28].
- 4. Preparation Negotiation Execution Begin End CanceledCancelation Acceptance Init Accept Cancel Cancel Cancel Cancel Agree Report Execution End Close Order/Offert A tool that implements the "Commitment Management Protocol" should support the following activities: 1. Define a task 2. Identify the provider 3. Prepare a request 4. Send the request to the provider 5. Check if the provider take the order, according to the conditions 6. If necessary negotiate the conditions to reach an agreement 7. Monitor the progress 8. Wait for task completion 9. Review the task and if applies notify the provider that the terms has been complied. 10. Records the task as complete. The benefits that can be obtained by using a commitment management tools in terms of productivity according "Actiontech"[36] are: Cycle time reductions of 40% to 70% Cost reductions of 30% to 60% Productivity gains of more than 30% Quality improvements of 33% ROI in excess of 300% 2.6 Open Source Open Source technologies are those whose technical basis are exposed to the community. Companies in the software business are implementing business based on gift economy models. The gift economy for Open Source is based on Copyrights that allow community use and modification of a certain technology as needed. The software business main revenue lines are based in support services instead of license fees[18]. Large multinational enterprises, with huge investment in research material and infrastructure, have transformed a considerable number of projects into open source, looking to minimize costs and maximize innovation. Open Source has proven to be one of the most successful knowledge management and economy models based on copyright practices. These practices may be taken to other kind of business as well[15]. 2.7 Abstract Models There are a lot of model representations in the software development industry, we choose and Object Oriented Model. This models help us to deal with the proper level of abstractions to implementation solutions with the focus on the problem domain. 2.8 Heuristics A heuristic is a method used to rapidly come to a solution that is expected to be close to the best possible answer, or 'optimal solution'. Heuristics are educated guesses. In more precise terms, heuristics stand for strategies using readily accessible, though loosely applicable, information to control problem solving in human beings and machines[22]. We generally use heuristics based methods to formulate and test our models. 2.9 Business Process Modeling Rules and roles are transcendental for all social organizations since they define the capacity of action of its members and the capacity of the organization as a whole, making mimic of what we can categorize as a collective intelligence. For governance we are using conceptual tools from the "Commitment management protocol" [28]. The more relevant part of this protocol is how it defines contexts, rules and roles for achieve an efficient commitment management. 2.10 Marketing The success of a business depends of the loyalty that its clients have to the goods and services it provides. Social Networks and Marketing can be merged into a "Social Marketing" approach. Solutions built from this can be considered an evolution of CRM (Costumer Relation Manager) into SRM (Social Relation Manager). Social Networks are specially susceptible to public segmentation. The consensus of goals and the coordination of actives frequently needs an special strategy for each mayor segment. Social Networks represent non saturated channels that can be highly efficient. This happens specially if marketing strategies are related with community projects and gift economy models. Social Networks are specially susceptible of taking advantage of personal recommendations [29]. In this context, clients and providers form networks of recommendations for mutual benefits that increase the wealth of the whole network. 2.11 Massive Multiuser Games Massive Multiuser Games are well proved and mature business. They are relevant reference in various Knowledge areas including sociology, psychology, artificial intelligence, collective behavior, teamwork analysis and business modeling. We are currently using them as a test lab to assert our model. Massive Multiuser Games are especially useful for studying Social and Economy models, given the
- 5. complexity of its interactions among persons (dynamic contexts and roles) and the business models around them. [27] 3. Results 3.1 Share Center We elaborated a "Knowledge Management Model" that includes what we consider the more promising technologies[34] and we used for building a full scale functional prototype. Analysis of indicators and patterns. Collection of information for indicators Recommendations for the development and improvement of products and services. Content Management * Article * Comment * Commitment * Concept * File * Group * Organization * Person * Project Knowledge Management * Search * Retrieve * Clasify * Relate * Follow * Produce * Share Service Processes Recurring Activities Commitment Management * Commitments * Roles * Rules * Policies * Procedures * Workflows Support Processes Consultancy for the practical application Innovation Processes Development of new products and services *Customers *Employees *Contributors *Scientits *Engineers *Entrepreneurs *General public *Professors *Students *Goverment employes Manages 1% Produce 26% Comment 34% Share 63% Watch 78% employees Collaborator Collaborator Collaborator Involvement Investment (ROI >= 300%) Tools Participants Activities Knowledge Management Model We implemented a full scale functional prototype "Share Center" kind of "Horizontal Portal"[37]. It was implemented using the technique "Paradigm Shifting"[34] that is based on the review and selection of what we consider the most promising concepts and technologies that may help us to achieve our short, medium and longterm goals.
- 6. 4. Revision and Improvements Our solution is under continuous revision and improvement. For this purpose, our group is working on different user segments. Here is a list of our undergoing efforts: 1. Innovation Networks for professionals in the Industrial and Academic sectors. Most of the times social networks are the channel used by new technologies, concepts and inventions make their way to specialists and then to the industry. 2. Academics: In this implementation students, teachers and professionals are being included in the same online social network in order to share knowledge and experiences. 3. Open Source Projects for Knowledge, Content and Commitment Management. 4. Small business innovation networks for the developing high value products and services. 5. Conclusions The "Knowledge Management Model" and the tool "Share Center" may be used to identify elements that may increase the value of a network, to develop high value products and services that as a consequence increase the members participation in order to achieve common goals. 6. Future Work We are working on building a full opensource product based in our model and in our functional working prototype. 7. Open source Licenses Share Center platform is composed by the following Open Source Products: