Reality check of Indian farmers on the basis of survey of NSS 70th Round

1. सुरजीत रणधीर ससिंह ढाका
Ph.D. Scholar
IABM- BKNR
(Karjdar) (Zamindar)
or
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2. 
1. Introduction
2. Estimated number of Agricultural Households
3. Some Characteristics of Agricultural Households
4. Some Economic Indicators of Agricultural Households
5. Aspects of Farming
6. Conclusion
7. Eye opener –Facts
8. References
Outline
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3.  The Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households was conducted in
NSS 70th round (January – December, 2013) to collect information on various
aspects of farming, such as farming practices and preferences, availability of
resources, awareness of technological developments and access to modern
technology in the field of agriculture and level of living measured in terms of
consumer expenditure, income and indebtedness from the agricultural
households in rural India.
 This presents estimates of some key characteristics of agricultural households
and divided into three main sections viz. (i) Some characteristics of agricultural
households, (ii) Some aspects of farming and (iii) Income, expenditure,
productive assets and indebtedness of agricultural households.
1. Introduction
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4. 
2. Estimated number of Agricultural Households
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5. 2.1 Agricultural Households by Social Group
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6. 2.1 Agricultural Households by Social Group
Monthly Per Capita Consumer Expenditure (MPCE)
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7. 2.1 Agricultural Households by Social Group
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8. 2.1 Agricultural Households by Social Group
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9. 3. Some characteristics of agricultural households
3.1 Principal source of Income
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10. 3. Some characteristics of agricultural households
3.1 Principal source of Income
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11. 3. Some characteristics of agricultural households
3.1 Principal source of Income
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12. 3. Some characteristics of agricultural households
3.2 Type of ration card
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13. 4. Some economic indicators of agricultural households
4.1 Average monthly income and consumption expenditure
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14. 4. Some economic indicators of agricultural households
4.1 Average monthly income and consumption expenditure
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15. 4. Some economic indicators of agricultural households
4.2 Indebtedness of agricultural households
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16. 4. Some economic indicators of agricultural households
4.3 Source of loans
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17. 4. Some economic indicators of agricultural households
4.3 Source of loans
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18. 5. Aspects of Farming
5.1 Awareness about Minimum Support Price (MSP)
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19. 5. Aspects of Farming
5.1 Awareness about Minimum Support Price (MSP)
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20. 5. Aspects of Farming
5.1 Awareness about Minimum Support Price (MSP)
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21. 5. Aspects of Farming
5.1 Awareness about Minimum Support Price (MSP)
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22. 5. Aspects of Farming
5.1 Awareness about Minimum Support Price (MSP)
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23. 5. Aspects of Farming
5.2 Crop Insurance
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24. 5. Aspects of Farming
5.3 Access to technical advice in the field of agriculture:
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25. 5. Aspects of Farming
5.3 Access to technical advice in the field of agriculture:
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26.  The survey shows that rural India had an estimated 90.2 million agricultural
households— about 57.8% of the total estimated rural households in the country.
 About 45% of farm households belonged to OBC (other backward classes) while
13% belonged to scheduled tribes.
 Interestingly, the survey shows that for 56% of the marginal land owning families
(with land less than 0.01 hectare) wage and salary employment, not agriculture,
was their principal source of income. Another 23% reported livestock as their
principal source of income.
 Average monthly income per agricultural household was estimated at Rs.6,426.
Net receipt from farm business (cultivation and farming of animals) accounted
for 60% of the average monthly income per agricultural household, the survey
noted. Income from wages and salary accounted for nearly 32% of the average
monthly income.
6. Conclusion (1)
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27.  About 44% of the estimated agricultural households in the country had an
employment guarantee scheme or MGNREGA job card. However, only 38% in
the lowest land class (less than 0.01 ha) had job cards.
 12% of all households and 13% marginal land holding households did not have a
ration card that entitles them to subsidized food.
 52% of households in the country were indebted, with levels of indebtedness
varying from 93% in Andhra Pradesh, 89% in Telangana and 82.5% in Tamil
Nadu to 37% in Chhattisgarh and 17.5% in Assam.
 The average amount of outstanding loan was highest for Kerala (Rs.2,13,600)
followed by Andhra Pradesh (Rs.1,23,400) and Punjab (Rs.1,19,500).
 On sources of credit, the survey revealed high levels of dependence on non-
institutional channels. Nearly 40% of all loans came from informal sources with
26% advanced by moneylenders.
6. Conclusion (2)
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28.  The survey revealed low levels of awareness among households of government
procurement operations—at minimum support prices (MSP)— and even lower
level of sale of these crops to procurement agencies. Except for sugarcane, less
than half of the households, which were aware about MSP, sold off their crop to
agencies.
 Farmers continue to remain far removed from new technologies and guidance
from state run research institutes, the survey data shows. Over 59% of the farm
households received no assistance from either government or private extension
services.
* An agricultural household was defined in the survey as a household receiving value
of produce of more than Rs.3,000 from agriculture with at least one member self-
employed in farming.
6. Conclusion (3)
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29. 
7. Eye opener –Facts
S. No. Particulars 2003 2012-13
1. Number of farm households (in million) 89.4 90.2
2. Farmer households as % of rural households 60.4 57.8
3. Farmer households with agriculture as principal source of income as %
of rural households (in percentage)
34.4 36.7
4. Farmer households owning land less than 2 hectares (in percentage) 83.9 86.6
5. Indebted farmer households (in percentage) 48.6 51.9
6. Average outstanding loan per farmer households ` 12,585 ` 47,000
7. Average monthly income per farmer households ` 2,115 ` 6,426
8. Contribution of cultivation in income (in percentage) 45.8 47.9
9. Contribution of wages income (in percentage) 38.7 32.2
10. Contribution of livestock income (in percentage) 4.3 11.9
11. Contribution of non-farm business in income (in percentage) 11.2 8.0
12. Farmer households not aware of MSP or Govt. procurement operations
(in percentage)
70.4 68.0
13. Farmer households without any access modern technology (via govt.
extension services, radio, input dealers or other progressive farmers) (in
percentage)
59.6 59.4
14. Farmer households insuring their crops (in percentage) 4.0 4.8
In the 10 years to 2013, the life of the Indian farmer showed no
improvement — it either stagnated or deteriorated.
Source : Surjeet Singh Dhaka (2014) भारतीय किसान (ज़मीदार या िज़ज़दार), RASTRIYA KRISHI NEWS
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30. 
7. Eye opener –Facts
NSSO VERSUS CENSUS:
Which is correct?
It’s a wonder then that agriculture (or perhaps the farmer) delivered a growth rate of
4.1% (in agriculture GDP) in the 11th Five-Year Plan (2007-2012).
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A SUICIDAL
NATION

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33. 
[1] Surjeet Singh Dhaka (2014) भारतीय किसान (ज़मीदार या िज़ज़दार),
RASTRIYA KRISHI NEWS
[2] Situation Assessment Survey of Formers, NSSO, 59th round (2003), published
in 2005; Key Indicators of Situation of Agricultural Households in India, NSSO,
70th round (2013), published in December 2014.
[3]http://www.livemint.com/Politics/ZFPXWN8hdAAUb49jVl2NqK/Nearly-52-
agricultural-households-indebted-shows-NSSO-surv.html?utm_source=copy
[4]http://www.livemint.com/Home-Page/Hcr3lGbsudunSXOSBRwczO/NSSO-
versus-Census-Which-is-correct.html
8. References
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34. Discuss it and
solve it !
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