2. INDEX:
1. Basic Concepts:
1.1. “Welfare State” definition
1.2. Social and economical welfare
1.3. Main interventions: education, health service, social benefits
2. Basic support for Welfare State: the State key role in the protection and promotion of
the economic and social well-being of its citizens.
3. Indicators of State interventions: Education, Healthcare, Social Security, social
services.
4. Main recipients of social aids in Spain:
- contributory benefits
- universal benefits
- compensatory benefits
5. Welfare State basic pillars in Spain (I): Education
6. Welfare State basic pillars in Spain (II): Healthcare services
7. Social Security System in Spain:
7.1. What is Social Security?
7.2. Contributions and social benefits.
7.3. The main Social Security expense: pensions.
8. Different types of Welfare System in the world.
5. WELFARE STATEWELFARE STATE
● It is a group of
activities developed
by Governments
related to social
and economical
welfare
achivement.
6. A welfare state is a concept of government
in which the state plays a key role in the
protection and promotion of the economic
and social well-being of its citizens.
7. The welfare state involves a transfer of
funds from the state, to the services
provided (i.e., healthcare, education, etc.),
as well as directly to individuals
("benefits").
8. SOCIAL WELFARESOCIAL WELFARE
● This concept includes
everything needed to have a
good quality of life: a decent
job, economical resources to
satisfy basic needs, a home,
and access to education and
medical care.
● It is a full satisfaction of
basic, cultural and economic
needs by a certain
community.
9. ECONOMIC WELFAREECONOMIC WELFARE
● Economic welfare is the
level of prosperity and
standard of living of
either an individual or a
group of persons.
● It refers to that part of
social welfare that can be
fulfilled through
economic activity.
10. Official definition
•
The welfare state means all activities carried out by the
governments with social and redistributive purpose, through the
state budget . It refers, to the activity of the Social Security on four
fronts: cash transfers ( unemployment or old age ) , health care ( a
system of universal free health care ) , education services ( ensuring
knowledge access of all citizens ) and provision of housing, food and
other care services.
11. MAIN INTERVENTIONS
Ana Franco de la Vega – 1º Bachillerato E
-Education. The education is the process of facilitating
the learning everywhere by means of knowledge, skills,
values, beliefs and habits that a group of persons transfers
to others. Worlwide, is recognized the right of every
person to the education.
-Health. The health is a condition of complete physical,
mental and social well-being, and not only the absence
of disease or ailment. Inside the promotion of the health,
this one has been considered not as an abstract condition,
but as a way to come to an end. The health is a resource
for the daily life, not the aim of the life.
12. -Social services. Social services are a type of
services, considered fundamental for the social
well-being. So, they are known as one of the
pillars of the systems of well-being in a
community. The essential aim is to improve the
quality of life of the persons in all the stages of his
life.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LvqYknY8pvA&index=6&list=PL710BE7CBB720441C
14. Basic support for Welfare State: the State key role in the
protection and promotion of the economic and social
well-being of its citizens.
IMPORTANCE OF STATE INTERVENTION AS CORRECTION OF INEQUALITY
ÁLVARO ANDRADA TATO
VÍCTOR RAMOS MARTÍN
1º BACHILLERATO F
15. MARKET FAILURES
A market failure is a situation in which the allocation of
goods and services is not efficient.
Market failures are 4:
● Externalities( Pollution, Positive
externalities in production, External
effects on consumption)
● Public goods
● Lack of free competition
● Unequal distribution of income
16. TOOLS OF THE STATE TO SOLVE MARKET
FAILURES
● There are various measures a government could
undertake to correct market failure: for example, indirect
taxation, subsidies, tradable pollution permits, the
extension of property rights, regulation, buffer stocks
and minimum prices.
● Fluid interaction between government and productive
forces.
● Implement controls on the results.
● Promote actions of state promotion.
● Designing a productive long-term policy.
18. FABIOLA BALLESTEROS GARCÍA
MARTA MONTERO RODRÍGUEZ
ALBA SALGADO GALVÁN
1º BACHILLERATO E
WELFARE STATE:
Indicators of state intervention
19. The Welfare state is the set of activities developped by theThe Welfare state is the set of activities developped by the
Governments that guard relation with the search of socialGovernments that guard relation with the search of social
redistributive purposes and across the public budgets of the State.redistributive purposes and across the public budgets of the State.
The Welfare state supports on four indicators:
•
The Social Security.
•
Health Service.
•
Education.
•
Social Services. Economic aids to the dependence.
WELFARE STATE:
Taxes are used for redistributing the wealth of the State so that inequalities
between people with major or fewer income are reduced.
20. • The Social Security → It pays subsidies and unemployment benefits.
• Health Service. System of Universal free health care.
21. •Education → Public system of free access to the education.
•Social Services → Economic aids to the dependence.
22. Education
The education, obligatory and free in the
first stages, and strongly subsidized in
the top levels, it is a formation destined
to develop the intellectual, moral and
affective capacity of people.
23. Health
The health, at the beginning universal and
free, in some European countries begins to be
restricted to certain groups and citizens start
contributing to the costs.
24. The social security
The social security includes pensions (basically
retirement pensions) that can be different amounts
depending on the contributions made by workers
along his labor life.
There are also different benefits to attend different
situations (orphanhood, widowhood, disease, etc.).
25. The social services
The social services are a set of helps
destined to cover needs of less favored
certain groups.
29. Kind of benefits
Contributory benefits, as
unemployment benefit,
retirement pension or
disability benefit.
Beneficiaries are people
who have previously
contributed to the Social
Security System. It means
they have paid a part of
their salary (Social Security
Fee) during their work life.
Universal benefits,
like education and
health service.
They are aimed to
all the population, so
beneficiaries are
everybody.
Compensatory benefits, wich are aimed to poor families or
individuals without economic resources.
Beneficiaries are people with no economic resources or people who
have no rights to contributory benefits.
32. The importance of education
for the Society
Education is one of the factors that influences more
in people and companies' advance and progress.
Education enriches the culture, the spirit, the values
and all that characterizes us as human beings.
Education has always been important for the
development, but it acquires more relevancy in
nowadys' world, because we live through deep
transformations, motivated partly by the dizzy
advance of the science and his applications, as well as
for the not less intensive development of the media
and the information technologies.
33. Money spended by the State on
education, in Spain (2013)
Spain: annual
expense in
education for
pupil, in
dollars, in
state and
private
education.
34. The current Spanish education system
ANDREA VÁZQUEZ PANIAGUA.
BERNARDO DONAIRE FRANCO.
1 BACHILLERATO E.
35. INTRODUCTION.
According to the Constitution, the
Government makes a distribution of the
educational subjects:
●
Pre-school education (between 0 and 6 years old).
●
Primary education (between 6 and 12 years old).
●
Obligatory Secondary education (between 12 and 16 years old)
●
Post-obligatory Secondary education (between 16 and 18 years old)
●
Higher education.
36. Pre-school education.
●
Pre-school Education is the educational stage
that covers children from birth to six years for
contribute to their physical, emotional, social
and intellectual development. It is organized
into two cycles: the first comprises up to three
years; the second, which is free, goes from
three to six years old.
●
It is taught in kindergartens and schools.
37. Primary education.
●
Primary education is the one that provides
proper literacy. It means that teaches reading,
writing, basic arithmetic and some of the
cultural concepts considered essential.
●
It is taught at primary schools.
38. Secondary education.
Obligatory Secondary Education (ESO) is the
Spanish education system of secondary
education and aims to prepare students
between 12 and 16 years for their future studies
and / or the workplace. It is filed in the IES
(Institutes of Secondary Education), or in private
and aided schools..
39. Higher education.
There are 76 universities in Spain, most of which are supported
by state funding. 24 Spanish universities are private, of which 7
are affiliated with the catholic church.
It is a post-secondary education step, and it is common, but not
essential, that pupils must pass some kind of access exam,
based on academic performance during the secondary stage.
44. IMPORTANCE OF THE
HEALTHCARE FOR SOCIETY:
• The Spanish healthcare system is among the best in the world.
• If you're living and working in Spain you'll have access to Spain's
free state healthcare, paid partly by social security payments, which
will be deducted from your salary.
• Spain spends about 10 percent of its GDP on healthcare, and is
ranked 6th in the EU for the number of doctors with around four
doctors per 1,000 people. A 2012 World Health Organisation survey
showed that Spanish women outlive all other nationalities (living to
85.1 years) apart from the Japanese.
45. STATE HEALTHCARE IS FREE TO ANYONE
LIVING AND WORKING IN SPAIN:
You are entitled to free state healthcare if you are:
●
resident in Spain and work in employment or self-employment and
pay social security contributions,
●
resident in Spain and receiving certain state benefits,
●
resident in Spain and recently divorced or separated from a partner
registered with social security,
●
a child resident in Spain,
●
a pregnant woman who is resident in Spain,
●
under 26 and studying in Spain,
●
a state pensioner
●
staying temporarily in Spain and have an EHIC card
(European Health Insurance card)
46. 1. Healthcare ranking
2. Population coverage
3. Total health expense (public and private)
4. Total public health expense
5. Life expectancy
6. Child mortality rate
47. GLOBAL BUDGET FOR STATE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
(money spent on healthcare in Spain)
Spain vs. OECD
48. GLOBAL BUDGET FOR STATE
HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
• Public expenditure on health in Spain decreases 4830.6
million in 2013, ie 3.79% to 64,918.2 million euros, which
accounted for 13.95% of total public expenditure. This figure
means that the public health expenditure in 2013 reached
6.25% of GDP, down 0.42 points from 2012, when spending
was 6.67% of GDP.
• In 2013, Spain held the same position in the ranking of
countries invested in healthcare, ranking 10. In terms of
amount respect to GDP ratio, since Spain has fallen from 28
to 35 from 188 countries.
51. HealthcareSystem
•
It is a decentralised
organization in which each
region manages through the
corresponding health
counseling, their competence
in health.
•
It is one of the best systems of
the world because there is not
restrictions in its services, and
the professional training of its
staff.
53. Public Sanitary Sector
•
All Spanish people have
right, independently of
their economic and
employment situation,
to recieve medical
assistance
•
Access to public sanitary
services is through the
Sanitary Card.
54. Private Sanitary Sector
•
It is a minority part of
the sanitary sector
because the Spanish
System covers all the
medical needs.
•
In some cases this
sector also works for
the Sanitary System.
58. •
What is the social secutiry?
In simple terms, the agree that society in which a person lives
should help them to develop and to make the most of all the
advantages (culture, work, social welfare) which are offered to
them in the country.
•
How is the social security in Spain?
The Social Security System in Spain is the principal system of
social protection. The concept of social security first appeared in
Spain in 1883, under the Committee for Social Reform, it was
expanded several times during the twentieth century.
59. The purpose of social security is to guarantee to those
people who carry out an occupational activity, or those that
meet the requirements of the non-contributory category,
such as family members or dependants for whom they
have responsibility, adequate protection against those
contingencies and situations contemplated by the law.
60. Protection provided by social security will include (cover):
1. Healthcare (primary or hospitalisation)in the case of maternity,
common, occupational illness or accidents, whether or not
occupational;
2. Professional care for those illnesses or accidents;
3. Benefits for the following:
- Temporary incapacity
- Maternity
- Death and survival
And for both contributory and non-contributory schemes:
- Invalidity
- Retirement
- Unemployment
61. •
Quotes (fees) are the percentage of the employee's
salary that its given to Social Security. A part of this
fee comes from the employee and the other part
comes from the business owner.
•
With that money the State pay services like
pensions or benefits.
62. José Ángel Sierra González
Andrés Poza Salgado
1º BACHILLERATO F
SOCIAL SECURITY IN SPAIN (II)
63. Social Security in Spain
Spain Social Security System is the director of the
State Social Protection .
64. Social Benefits
Benefits are a set of measures that allows the
Social Security to anticipate, repair or overcome
certain misfortune situations
65. The main Social Security expense:
retirement pensions.
● The minimum
retirement pension
(contributory) is 634,50
€ per month, in Spain.
● The maximum
retirement pension
(contributory)is 2.560 €
per month, in Spain.
66. You can compare different countries' retirement
pensions in the next link:
http://elpais.com/elpais/2015/12/01/media/1448
967648_541034.html
68. Different types of Welfare Systems in the World
% of GDP in social expenditures in OECD states, 2013
69. ● Nordic model
● Continental model
● Anglo-saxon model
● Mediterranean model
70. NORDIC MODEL
Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden and the Netherlands.
This model holds the highest level of social
insurance. Its main characteristic is its universal
provision nature which is based on the principle of
"citizenship". Therefore, there exists a more
generalised access, with lower conditionability, to
the social provisions.
The Nordic model is also characterised by a high tax
wedge.
71. CONTINENTAL MODEL
Austria, Belgium, France, Germany and Luxembourg.
The Continental model has some similarities with
the Nordic model. Nevertheless, it has a higher
share of its expenditures devoted to pensions. The
model is based on the principle of "security" and a
system of subsidies which are not conditioned to
employability (for example in the case of France or
Belgium, there exist subsidies whose only
requirement is being older than 25).
72. ANGLO-SAXON MODEL
Ireland and the United Kingdom.
This model features a lower level of expenditures
than the previous ones. Its main particularity is its
social assistance of last resort. Subsidies are
directed to a higher extent to the working-age
population and to a lower extent to pensions.
Access to subsidies is (more) conditioned to
employability (for instance, they are conditioned on
having worked previously).
73. MEDITERRANEAN MODEL
Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
It is the model with the lowest share of
expenditures and is strongly based on pensions and
a low level of social assistance. There exists in these
countries a higher segmentation of rights and
status of persons receiving subsidies which has as
one of its consequences a strongly conditioned
access to social provisions.
Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_social_model
74. You can find out more information about the
different models of Welfare State here:
(specially from minute 1:30)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jv3hMfTTCfY
