Knowledge Management Primer

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Framework Primer
Knowledge Management
Primer
Presentation created by
Strategic
Knowledge
Tactical Knowledge
Operational Knowledge
Information Hierarchy

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Contents
Overview
Evolution of Knowledge
Knowledge Assets
Templates
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The Knowledge Management (KM) primer provides an essential
understanding of KM approaches
Presentation Overview
The shift to Knowledge Economy and the New Information Age has made intangible
resources, such as information, a decisive factor to success.
According to Peter Drucker, knowledge has power because it controls access to opportunity and advancement.
The 21st century is undoubtedly the century of knowledge. The everyday usage of available advanced
information and business technologies, and internet in business activities just show how rampant corporations
are engaged in information exchange and Knowledge Management.
In the light of globalization, companies are now exposed to unpredictable and complex competitive environment.
Pressures are put on companies to adapt quickly to survive in the competitive market. The vital strategic
resource is Knowledge. Companies have started to realize the major value of intellectual resource. The central
role of Knowledge Management in making quality decision has never been emphasized as much as today.
Intellectual resources and Knowledge are now contributing to revenue generation and increasing reputation. It
has contributed to creating barriers to entry of potential competitors, increase customer loyalty, and create
innovation. In today’s world, the success of the organization now depends largely on continual investment in
learning and acquiring new Knowledge that creates new business and improve current performance.
This primer on Knowledge Management examines and discusses the purpose and nature of the key components
of Knowledge Management (KM). This presentation demystifies the KM field by explaining in a precise manner
the key concepts of KM tools, strategies, and techniques, and their benefits to organizations.
This deck also includes slide templates for you to use in your own business presentations.

Knowledge Management (KM) is a multidisciplinary approach to achieving
organizational objectives
Knowledge Management improves efficiency by reducing the need to rediscover
knowledge.
Knowledge Management – Overview
Knowledge Management is an integrated
approach to gathering, analyzing,
storing, and sharing knowledge and
information within an organization. It
ensures that the right information is
delivered to the appropriate place or
person at the right time to enable
informed decision making.
An enterprise wide ability must be
created to transition data and information
into critical knowledge. This is to ensure
service stability, maintainability, and
performance leading to organization
wisdom.
Knowledge Management evolves around
3 primary spheres.
People
KM Processes
Technology

The entire spectrum of Knowledge Management evolves within its
3 Integrated Spheres
Team members support to KM is achieved by making small changes in the culture through
trainings, motivation, and recognition or rewards.
Knowledge Management – 3 Spheres of Knowledge Management
The 3 Spheres of Knowledge Management are closely integrated with each other.
Technology
Provides a secure central space where employees, customers,
partners, and suppliers exchange information, share knowledge
and guide each other and the organization to better decisions.
A knowledge- portal which allows team members to use and
share information.
KM Processes
Standard processes for knowledge contribution, content
management, retrieval.
People
Participation of team members in knowledge sharing,
collaboration, and reuse to achieve business results.

Contents
Overview
Knowledge Assets
Templates

The DIKW Model or Pyramid is a method with roots in Knowledge
Management
The DIKW Model is an effective guide towards informed decisions and actions.
Evolution of Knowledge – Overview
Source: Pragmatic Approach to Knowledge Management, Infosys, 2011
The DIKW Model defines, illustrates, and explains the functional relationship between Data, Information,
Knowledge, and Wisdom.
Wisdom
Knowledge
Information
Data
The DIKW model is essential
in Business Transformation
and in understanding the
perspectives of customers
and stakeholders.

Data Processing must transition to knowledge-based systems
Knowledge, not information, leads to a competitive advantage in business.
Evolution of Knowledge – DIKW Model
The evolution of knowledge from data has 4 components.
Wisdom
Knowledge
Information
Data
Decision support systems.
Contextual, synthesized.
Unorganized and
unprocessed facts.
A set of discrete
facts about events.
Aggregation of data that
makes decision making
easier.
Profound understanding and
deep insight.
Extensive formal knowledge.

Contents
Overview
Knowledge Assets
Templates

Knowledge Hierarchy is an authority-based process where knowledge
is viewed as a formal resource
Knowledge Hierarchies support a well-defined set of users performing specific tasks
in specific contexts.
Information Hierarchy – Overview
Knowledge Hierarchy is designed to fit specific knowledge needs of the organizational unit. It is
intended to be the single source of knowledge within its scope.
Strategic
Knowledge
Tactical Knowledge

Information Hierarchy is the structure and priority given to various pieces
of information
Knowledge Hierarchy must ensure that resulting knowledge is well defined, specific,
comprehensive, and with high average quality information.
Information Hierarchy – 3 Levels
Information Hierarchy, as an organizational resource, is purposefully created to meet specific
information needs.
Operational
Effectiveness
Helps organizations understand how service
performance, compliance, and overall IT
operational effectiveness is managed.
Service Value
Helps organizations understand how to manage
and ensure service value.
Determines how organizations manage process
performance, regulatory compliance, and security
assurance.
Benchmarking
and Advanced
Analytics
Operational
Knowledge
Tactical
Knowledge
Strategic
Knowledge
Helps organization understand the effects of
operational decisions.
Determines how the organization deliver cost
effective quality solutions/services to the business.
Purpose Focus
1
2
3

Contents
Overview
Knowledge Assets
Templates

Knowledge Assets are the basis of knowledge-creating process
The importance of Knowledge Assets depends on the goals, objectives, and strategy of the
organization.
Knowledge Assets – Overview
Knowledge Assets are firm-specific resources that are indispensable to creating value for the
organization.
It represents the fount of an organization’s competence and capabilities that are
deemed essential for its growth, competitive advantage, and human development.
Knowledge Assets are recognized based on its 5 fundamental characteristics.
Companies
must identify
and quantify
resources to
maximize use
of knowledge
assets and
manage
knowledge
creation.
Integrity
Availability
Repeatability
Measurable
Traceability
1
2
3
4
5

Knowledge Assets must have 5 characteristics to have greater impact
Knowledge Asset must deliver value that is clear to management and the organization.
Knowledge Assets – Characteristics
The 5 characteristics of Knowledge Assets determine the value it provides to the organization.
Integrity
Availability
Repeatability
Measurable
Traceability
1
2 3 4
5
Elements of the
assets are
updated as per
data integrity and
change
management
principles.
Assets are ready
and available for
deployment for
business value. It
is usable and
accessible when
needed by
customers.
Assets are created
and maintained
following a
standard approach
that is extendable
and repeatable
over time,
business units,
and geographies.
Assets are
significant, visible,
and can be
translated to
financial benefits
of cost, reduced
risk, or revenue.
There is a footprint
that enables tracking
and traceability of
every stage of Asset
Lifecycle. There is a
paper trail of
approval and review
in the Knowledge
Management
database.

Knowledge Assets Lifecycle provides the fundamental framework for
defining and facilitating adoption of KM across the organization
The Knowledge Asset Lifecycle ensures promotion of continuous improvement in
organizations.
Knowledge Assets – Lifecycle
Knowledge Assets goes through a series of processes to enhance value creation to the organization.
Knowledge Asset Lifecycle goes through 4 Main Phases.
Facilitates adoption of Knowledge Management across the organization.
Composed of Collection, Communication, Consulting, Knowledge
Management, Change Management, and Training.
Monitors review, control, and correction of Asset practices.
Composed of Capability Reviews.
Defines the Knowledge Asset or Artifact for the enterprise.
Composed of Planning, Research and Approval Processes.
Involves continuous improvement in alignment with business objectives.
Add detail to the process and continue to evaluate that the controls are worth
implementing.
Asset
Enforcement
Asset Rollout
Asset Definition
Evolution
1
2
3
1

Knowledge Assets have impact on Sustainable Competitive Advantage
and Appropriability
The skills, abilities, or knowledge that is deeply imbedded in our culture and cannot be
extracted and re-established elsewhere is considered to have a weak appropriability.
Knowledge Assets – Competitive Advantage and Appropriability
Source: A Dynamic Taxonomy for Managing Knowledge Assets, Technovation, 2009
Knowledge Assets can either strengthen or weaken the competitive advantage of organization or its
appropriability. Appropriability is the quality of being imitable or reproducible.
Companies must answer 4 critical questions to determine the impact of Knowledge Assets.
Sustainable Competitive Advantage
Is the knowledge asset valuable?
Is the knowledge asset rare?
Is the knowledge asset easily limited by
competitors?
Can the knowledge asset be easily
substituted?
Appropriability
Can the knowledge asset be effectively
protected from imitation?
Can the knowledge asset by its nature be
easily imitated or even improved?
Are there abundant, complementary assets
relevant to the knowledge asset, which can be
controlled by the firm?
1 2

Contents
Overview
Knowledge Assets
Templates

Insert headline
Insert bumper.
Spheres of Knowledge Management – TEMPLATE
People
KM Processes
Technology
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filler text, filler text,
filler text.
filler text.
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DIKW Model – TEMPLATE
Wisdom
Knowledge
Information
Data
• Insert filler text, filler
text, filler text, filler
text.
text, filler text, filler
text.
text, filler text.

Insert headline
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Information Hierarchy – TEMPLATE ALTERNATE
Strategic
Knowledge
Tactical Knowledge

Insert headline
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Characteristics of Knowledge Assets – TEMPLATE
Integrity
Availability
Repeatability
Measurable
Traceability
1
2
3
4
5
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text, filler text, filler text.
• Insert filler text, filler text, filler text, filler text.
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Insert headline
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Characteristics of Knowledge Assets – TEMPLATE ALTERNATE
Integrity Availability Repeatability Measurable Traceability
1 2 3 4 5

Insert headline
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Knowledge Asset Lifecycle – TEMPLATE
Asset
Enforcement
Asset Rollout
Asset Definition
Evolution
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2
3
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Flevy (www.flevy.com) is the marketplace
for premium documents. These
documents can range from Business
Frameworks to Financial Models to
PowerPoint Templates.
Flevy was founded under the principle that
companies waste a lot of time and money
recreating the same foundational business
documents. Our vision is for Flevy to
become a comprehensive knowledge base
of business documents. All organizations,
from startups to large enterprises, can use
Flevy— whether it's to jumpstart projects, to
find reference or comparison materials, or
just to learn.
Contact Us
Please contact us with any questions you may have
about our company.
• General Inquiries
support@flevy.com
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press@flevy.com
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