Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Fires, haze and landscape (CIFOR workshop)
1. FOREST FIRE in INDONESIA:
REVIEW AND EFFORTS (based on Riau Case)
By:
Director of Forest Fire Control
DG. Forest Protection and Nature Conservation, MoF
Workshop on Fire, Haze and Landscape
Borobudur Hotel, Jakarta. January 29, 2014.
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3. FACTS
• Forest fire occurs every years, repeatedly.
• First El Nino period (1982-1983) reported as a trigger
the biggest forest fire occurence in East Kalimantan: 3,6
million ha burnt area.
• Burnt area (approx.):
– 1987: 0.3 million Ha
– 1991: > 0.5 million Ha
– 1994: ~ 5 million Ha
– 1997/1998: > 5 million Ha
(Source: UNDP, 1998)
4. •
•
•
Periodically, big fires occure every 5 to 15 years starting from
1982/83, 85/86, 1991, 1994, 1997/1998, 2002/2003, and
2012
Total burnt area 1997/1998: 11,7 million Ha (BappenasADB, 1999).
Peatland forest fire occurred in 1997/1998 emit 156.3 million
tons of carbon (Tacconi, 2003).
5. •
Almost 99 % forest and land fire caused by human activities
(including: land preparation).
• Peat-land become a new issues in terms of forest fire and
climate change.
• Riau has the largest area of peat-land in Sumatera
( 4 million Ha).
• President of Republic Indonesia has committed to reduce the
carbon emission up to 26 % in the 2020
6. Condition
• Provincial Spatial Plan (RTRWP) has not been defined.
• Slash and Burn agriculture (cheap, quick, easy).
• Mostly, land tenure occupied by corporation
(plantation forest and oil-palm plantation).
• Peat-land area: 4 million Ha.
• Lack of law enforcement.
• High population growth.
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7. Forest Area by Function in Riau Province
Function
Protected Forest
Conservation Forest
Production Forest
Non Forest
Mangrove
Total
Source:
Riau Forestry Services , 2013.
DG. Planology, MoF, 2013.
Area (Ha)
Percentage (%)
208.910
628.638
2,31
6,96
4.590.698
3.489.331
119.260
50,80
38,61
1,32
9.036.835
100
8. Fire and Haze Season in Indonesia
First Season: February – March
(North/South Sumatra, Riau, Jambi)
Second Season: June - September
(Whole of Sumatera and Kalimantan)
9. Fire Pattern in Indonesia
Peat land Fire Region – Open
Burning Practices
Ground Wildfire Region
11. KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
1. The hotspot numbers on Island of Kalimantan,
Sumatra and Sulawesi are decreased until 20%
per-year compared with average number of
hotspots in 2005-2009 (58.890 hotspots).
2. The burnt forest areas are reduced until 50% in
5 years compared to average condition in 20052009 (12,300 Ha).
3. The capacity building of the government
institution and community in 30 operational
areas (10 Provinces).
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14. TREND OF HOTSPOT BY MONTHLY IN INDONESIA
(2010, 2011, 2012, 2013)
12,000
10,000
Jumlah Hotspot
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
2010 ( 9.880 hotspot)
Mei
243
557
563
238
419
2011 ( 28.474 hotspot)
384
874
522
845
1,113
2012 ( 34.789 hotspot)
996
679
1,146
991
1,040
2013 ( 19.353 hotspot)
519
634
1,618
547
888
Juni
Juli
Agust
Sept
Okt
Nov
Des
372
392
1,321
1,861
2,783
664
467
2,019
3,741
9,209
7,272
1,784
486
225
4,198
3,537
8,441
10,143
3,045
382
191
2,860
1,786
4,007
3,271
2,744
337
142
15. Hotspot in Riau Province based on Land Use
Year
Land Use
2010
2011
2012
2013
Conservation Area
49
50
232
262
Natural Forest
(IUPHHK-HA)
90
181
294
244
Planted Forest
(IUPHHK-HT)
395
819
1.059
1.077
Protected Forest
47
126
271
234
Plantation
121
263
337
417
1.005
2.097
2.493
2.948
1.707
3.536
4.686
5.182
Land/Others use
JUMLAH
Source: MoF
16. Hotspot per Regency (Kabupaten) in Riau 2010-2013
SIAK
ROKAN HULU
ROKAN HILIR
PELALAWAN
KUANTAN SINGINGI
2013
KOTA PEKANBARU
2012
KEPULAUAN MERANTI
2011
2010
KAMPAR
INDRAGIRI HULU
INDRAGIRI HILIR
DUMAI
BENGKALIS
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
18. PREVENTION
1. Conduct a consolidation, socialization, counseling, and
inspection up to local area.
2. Socialisation of Presidential Instruction Number
16/2011 concerning Forest and Land Fire Control
Improvement.
3. Dissemination of Fire Danger Rating System (FDRS).
4. Community Involvement/Empowering Program through
Conservation Village Model, Providing Local Fire
Leaders (MPA).
5. Implementation of Zero Burning.
6. Routine patrolling by the Manggala
Agni, stakeholder, and Local Fire Leaders.
7. Fire Risk Reduction through the development fire
break, green belt, fuel management
19. EARLY WARNING, DETECTION AND SUPPRESSION
1. Actived National FDRS by BMKG
2. Routine Inspection to Local Fire Center/DAOPS
3. Daily Hotspot Monitoring and Dissemination
(more than 1.000 members of SiPongi Mailing
List: government, provincial and
regency, NGO, other stakeholders )
4. Ground-check by Forest Fire Brigade of
Manggala Agni and other related fire fighters.
5. Dispaching Manggala Agni to fire prone based
on FDRS; conduct initial-attack.
6. Conducting aerial suppression.
7. Technical assistance for fire suppression.
8. Mobilization plan.
21. MANGGALA AGNI FIRE BRIGADE
Ministry of Forestry has built Manggala Agni Fire Brigade
in 10 provinces (33 Local Fire Center):
1. North Sumatera
2. Riau and Riau Island
3. Jambi
4. South Sumatera
5. West Kalimantan
6. Central Kalimantan
7. South Kalimantan
8. East Kalimantan
9 South Sulawesi
10 North Sulawesi
Total
: 12 groups
: 16 groups
: 14 groups
: 16 groups
: 16 groups
: 14 groups
: 12 groups
: 4 groups
: 8 groups
: 2 groups
: 117 groups
= 1.755 personnels
22.
23. Manggala Agni in action: fire suppression, capacity building, cooperation with TNI
25. NEED FOLLOW UP
Awareness increasement for forest and land fire
management, and budget allocation planning (APBD, APBN).
Implementation of President Instruction Number 16 Year 2011
describe on local regulation.
Local Unit (SKPD) establishment which especially handle on
forest and land fire in regency/province which equipped by
human resources, infrastructures, and adequate budget.
Law enforcement.
Engagement of local fire leaders (MPA)
Adequate forest fire controls infrastructures requirement for
timber company and plantation.
Forest fire control infrastructures enhancement.
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