SUSTAINABILITY: ANIMAL WELFARE. Animal testing, animal welfare, welfare vs rights, what is an animal, how effective is animal testing, laws and policies,

1. ANIMAL
WELFARE
SUSTAINABILITY UNIT
PRESENTATION 6

2. RECORD SOUNDS ON YOUR MOBILE PHONE
As a class, feel free to make the noise you want and
react in a normal manner.
One volunteer with one mobile phone, please!
Start recording now!

16. WELFARE vs RIGHTS
Animal welfare is defined as the well-being of
animals.
Animal rights is the idea that animals have rights,
just as humans do.
Issues of animal rights are often very
controversial.
PRO: some people argue that we should never kill
or use an animal for food or experiments.
AGAINST: others argue that animals should never
be treated cruelly, but that human needs should
always come first.

17. WHAT IS AN ANIMAL?
As defined in science, the animal kingdom includes all sorts
of species, or types of living things.
All animals fill roles in nature, but sometimes these roles can
be harmful to humans or other animals:
• grasshoppers and whiteflies are farm pests
• mosquitoes and fleas can bite and spread disease
• flukes (kind of worms) are parasites

18. HOW EFFECTIVE IS ANIMAL TESTING?
During the past 50 years, many DRUGS, FOOD ADITIVES,
and COSMETICS have been tested on animals.
Cosmetics are products that help people stay healthy or be
attractive. They include:
• Soap
• Shampoo
• Lotions
• Makeup
Consumers reported that certain cosmetics hurt their eyes
or skin, and in response, cosmetic companies began testing
new products on animals.

19. HOW IS DONE?
In one common test, eye make-up was applied repeatedly to
the eyes of rabbits.
The rabbits were given much more makeup than people
would ever use, and they were eventually blinded..
Other tests measured the lethal dosage of a cosmetic.
Critics argued that the tests were cruel, painful and
unnecessary.

20. TESTING TODAY
Over the years, people have become more aware of animal
testing in the cosmetic industry.
Today, the practice is banned in many countries in Europe
and is declining elsewhere.
Cosmetic companies are now using tests performed on
samples of animal parts or tissues, instead of the whole
animal. Scientists are also investigating new kinds of tests.

21. MEET THE MINI HUMAN
Before a new food or drug is approved for human use,
scientists often test it on animals.
They might also use animal s to test a new surgical
technique, test an artificial limb, or investigate how body
systems work.
Why is animal testing useful? The reason is that bodies of
some animals work much like the human body.
The mouse has been called a mini human.
A mouse has a heart, a stomach, lungs, intestines, and other
organs that humans have.

22. DRAWING ACTIVITY
5 MINUTES TO DRAW THE DIAGRAM OF MOUSE ANATOMY.

23. WHY USING THEM?
Because many body processes that happen in mice are
similar to processes that happen in the bodies of humans.
Mice are small, and they require only a little food.
They are easy to handle, raise and breed.
Mice are the most common animal used for food and
drug testing.

24. POSITIVE FACTS
In one survey, 97% of physicians were in favour of
animal testing in medicine.
Animal testing has led to many new drugs.
In the future, it may lead to a treatment for diseases such
as AIDS or ALOPECIA.

25. LAWS AND POLICIES
Many laws and policies protect animal welfare. Scientists
also work together to promote animal-friendly practices,
such as:
USEFUL PURPOSES - experiments should be conducted for
useful purpose only.
LIMITED NUMBERS - scientists should choose the proper
type and number of animals for experiments.
NO PAIN - animals should suffer as little pain or discomfort
as possible.
EXPERTS ONLY - professional scientists should conduct or
supervise all experiments on live animals.
MUST END - an experiment should be designed with a clear
end point.

26. NEGATIVE FACTS
Many animals used in research (like albino rats or guinea
pigs) are killed once the experiment is completed.
This is compulsory as scientists need to examine inside their
bodies to see what effect a drug has had on them.

27. CRITICS
Not everyone agrees that animal testing is worthwhile.
Critics argue that animal testing is too expensive and not
useful.
Many critics also cite ethical issues.
ETHICS is the study of RIGHT and WRONG.
Mice and other test animals resemble humans in many
ways.
But they clearly are not identical to humans.
In a laboratory, test animals are kept in cages. They may be
subject to stress not found in their natural environment.
Critics argue that this stress changes their response to foods
and drugs.

28. ANIMALS FOR EDUCATION
In many laboratories, animals are used to train science
students, doctors or veterinarians.
Biology students often dissect (pick apart and study) the
body of a dead animal, such a frog. Medical students use
dogs to practice a surgical operation.

29. HOMEWORK FOR NEXT YEAR
At many schools, computer simulations have replaced real
animal subjects, because the software is less expensive than
experimenting on real animals and is also less messy.
The software is FROG-FRIENDLY but is it the best choice for
biology students? What do you think?
Homework: Write an essay of 4 pages with your opinion
about TESTING ON ANIMALS.
Due date: 24 January 2017, first period of GLOBAL
PERSPECTIVES.
Questions: Does species matter? Does the goal matter? Does
an animal’s history matter? Unfair advantages? THINK!