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                                                 .



                                                  : –
R.Triffin, Gold and the Dollar Crisis, Yale, 1960.
(3) Hazem Beblawi, the Arab Gulf Economy in a Turbulent Age, Groom Helm,
London, 1984.
(4) Human Development Report, 1999, UNDP, Oxford University Press, 1999.
–             –                                                          (5 )
                                                                                 .
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(1) Harold James: The International Monetary System, New York; Oxford University
Press, 1999.
(2) Harold James, op.cit. 1999.
(3) Firdrik Gemson: Globalization and Political Strategy, 2001.
–                          –




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(1) Timothy Lane and others: : IMF-Supported Prograrns in Indonesia, Korea, and
Thailand, IMF Occasional Paper 178, 1999.
(2) Robert Garran: Tiges Tamed: The end of the Asian Miracle, 1998.
(3) Paul Hirst Grahame Thompsion: Globalization in Question, 1999, 2004.
(4) J. Timmons Roberts, Amy Hite: from Modernization to Globalization, 2000.
–
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(1) J. Timmons Roberts, Amy Hite: from Modernization to Globalization, 2000.
                                                             :               . (2 )
                                                              .
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( ) Kevin Watkins : Making Globalization work for the Poor 2002.
(4) Paul Streeten, Op.cit. 1999.
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(1) Kevin Watkins : Making Globalization work for the Poor 2002.
(2)Paul Streeten : Integration, Interdependence, and Globalization, 2007.
(3)James M. Boughton: Globalization and the Silent Revolution of the 1980s, 2002.
(4)Firdrik Gemson: Globalization and Political Strategy, 2001.
(5) Kevin Watkins : Making Globalization work for the Poor 2002.
.
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(1) Jagdish Bhagwati: Targeting Rich – Country Protectionism Jubilee 2000.
(2)Kevin Watkins : Making Globalization work for the Poor 2002.
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-   Cycles, Global Terrorism, and World Development. Alternatives: Turkish
    Journal International Relations, Vol. 6, No.1 &2, Spring & Summer 2007.
-   MOHAMMAD KARIM: Globalization and Post-Soviet Revival of Islam in
    Central Asia and the Caucuses. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, Vol. 25,
    No. 3, December 2005.
-   HASAN KOSEBALABAN: The Impact of Globalization on Islamic Political
    Identity: The Case of Turkey, World Affairs, Vol. 168No.1 Summer 2005.
-   Fauzi Najjar: THE MRABS, ISLAM AND GLOBALIZATION, MIDDLE
    EAST POLICY, VOL, XII, NO. 3, FALL 2005.
-   AHMET T. KHRU: Globalization and Diversification of Islamic Movements:
    Three Turkish Cases.
-   Political Science Quarterly Volume 120 Number 2 2005.
-   Alexandria HORSTMANN: Ethnohistorical Perspectives on Buddhist-Muslim
    Relations and Coexistence in Southern Thailand: From Shared Cosmos to the
    Emergence of Hatred? SOJOURN Vol. 19, Nc. 1 (2004), pp.76-99.
-   Suzaina Kadir: Mapping Muslim politics in Southeast Asia after September
    11, The Pacific Review, Vol. 17 No. 2 June 2004: 199-222.
-   SINDRE BANGSTAD: The Changed Circumstances for The Persormance of
    Religious Authority in A Cape Mustim Community, Jourmal of Religion in
    Africa, 34, 1-2.
-   LEONARD A. STONE: The Islamic Crescent: Islam, Culture and
    Globalization, Innovation, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2002.
-   Roxanne L. Euben: Contingent Borders, Syncretic Perspective: Globalization,
    Political Theory, and Islamizing Knowledge, International Studies
    Association, Blackwell Publishing, 2002.
-   STEPHEN VERTIGANS and PHILIP W. SUTTON: Globalization Theory
    and Islamic Praxis, Global Society, Vol. 16, No. 1.2002.
‫ا‬   ‫ا‬
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    .Comtrade                                                           (   )



                                                   :                :
(1) Harold James: The International Monetary System, New York;
Oxford University Press, 1999.
(2) Firdrik Gemson: Globalization and Political Strategy, 2001.
(3) Timothy Lane and others: IMF-Supported Prograrns in Indonesia,
Korea, and Thailand, IMF Occasional Paper 178, 1999.
(4) Robert Garran: Tiges Tamed: The end of the Asian Miracle, 1998.
(5) Paul Hirst Grahame Thompsion: Globalization in Question, 1999,
2004.
(6) J. Timmons Roberts, Amy Hite: from Modernization to Globalization,
2000.
(7) Kevin Watkins : Making Globalization work for the Poor 2002.
(8) Paul Streeten : Integration, Interdependence, and Globalization, 2001.
(9) Paul Streeten : Components of a Future Development Strategy, 1999.
(10) James M. Boughton: Globalization and the Silent Revolution of the
1980s, 2002.
(11) Jagdish Bhagwati: Targeting Rich – Country Protectionism Jubilee
2000.
(12) R. Triffin, Gold and Dollar Crisis, Yale, 1960.
(13) Hazem Beblawi, the Arab Gulf Economy in a University Press,
1999.
(14) Cycles, Global Terrorism, and World Development. Alternatives:
Turkish Journal International Relations, Vol. 6, No.1 &2, Spring &
Summer 2007.
(15) MOHAMMAD KAR1M: Globalization and Post-Soviet Revival of
Islam in Central Asia and the Caucasus. Journal of Muslim Minority
Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 3, December 2005.
(16) HASAN KOSEBALABAN: The Impact of Globalization on Islamic
Political Identity: The Case of Turkey, World Affairs, Vol. 168 No.1
Summer 2005.
(17) Fauzi Najjar: THE ARABS, ISLAM AND GLOBALIZATION,
MIDDLE EAST POLICY, VOL, XII, NO. 3, FALL 2005.
(18) AHMET T. KHRU: Globalization and Diversification of Islamic
Movements: Three Turkish Cases.
(19) Political Science Quarterly Volume 120 Number 2 2005.
(20) Alexandria HORSTMANN: Ethnohistorical Perspectives on
Buddhist-Muslim Relations and Coexistence in Southern Thailand: From
Shared Cosmos to the Emergence of Hatred? SOJOURN Vol. 19, Nc. 1
(2004), pp.76-99.
(21) Suzaina Kadir: Mapping Muslim politics in Southeast Asia after
September 11, The Pacific Review, Vol. 17 No. 2 June 2004: 199-222.
(22) SINDRE BANGSTAD: The Changed Circumstances for The
Performance of Religious Authority in A Cape Mustim Community,
Jourmal of Religion in Africa, 34, 1-2.
(23) LEONARD A. STONE: The Islamic Crescent: Islam, Culture and
Globalization, Innovation, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2002.
(24) Roxanne L. Euben: Contingent Borders, Syncretic Perspective:
Globalization, Political Theory, and Islamizing Knowledge, International
Studies Association, Blackwell Publishing, 2002.
(25) STEPHEN VERTIGANS and PHILIP W. SUTTON: Globalization
Theory and Islamic Praxis, Global Society, Vol. 16, No. 1.2002.
‫ا‬        ‫ا‬           ‫ﻡ‬
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‫( ...............................‬                ‫)‬                               ‫:‬
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   ‫......................................................................‬
‫..............‬                                                                   ‫:‬
‫.........‬                                                                        ‫:‬
‫.....................‬                                                            ‫:‬



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السياسات الاقتصادية لتفادى لازمة

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السياسات الاقتصادية لتفادى لازمة

  • 1. †ŽÂ<oÖ^nÖ]<ëçߊÖ]<êÛ×ÃÖ]<†³ö¹] ì…ç’ß¹]<íÃÚ^q<–<ÑçÏ£]<íé×ÓÖ – – << < <á]çßÃe<o < <<…^ma<ë^Ëi<»<í膒¹]<íè^’jÎ÷]<l^‰^éŠÖ]<…æ íé¹^ÃÖ]<íéÖ^¹]<íÚ‡ù] ( ) << @ @]‚Âc ‚ÊÚ<‚Û¦<îé¦<K< –
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  • 5. . . . ( ) . . : ( ) . ( ) . ( ) . ( ) . . : . (1 ) (R-Triffin) – (2 ) . : – R.Triffin, Gold and the Dollar Crisis, Yale, 1960. (3) Hazem Beblawi, the Arab Gulf Economy in a Turbulent Age, Groom Helm, London, 1984. (4) Human Development Report, 1999, UNDP, Oxford University Press, 1999. – – (5 ) .
  • 6. ( ) . – . . . . ( ) . ( ) . (1) Harold James: The International Monetary System, New York; Oxford University Press, 1999. (2) Harold James, op.cit. 1999. (3) Firdrik Gemson: Globalization and Political Strategy, 2001.
  • 7. – ( ) . ( ) . ( ) . " ( ) " ( ) . . . – (1) Timothy Lane and others: : IMF-Supported Prograrns in Indonesia, Korea, and Thailand, IMF Occasional Paper 178, 1999. (2) Robert Garran: Tiges Tamed: The end of the Asian Miracle, 1998. (3) Paul Hirst Grahame Thompsion: Globalization in Question, 1999, 2004. (4) J. Timmons Roberts, Amy Hite: from Modernization to Globalization, 2000.
  • 8. . – ( ) ] . .[ " " . " " " " ( ) ) ( ( ) . . ( ) . , . , (1) J. Timmons Roberts, Amy Hite: from Modernization to Globalization, 2000. : . (2 ) . 3 ( ) Kevin Watkins : Making Globalization work for the Poor 2002. (4) Paul Streeten, Op.cit. 1999.
  • 9. ( ) . , , ( ) . . ( ) . ) ( ) ( : ª . – – " ( ) . " (1) Kevin Watkins : Making Globalization work for the Poor 2002. (2)Paul Streeten : Integration, Interdependence, and Globalization, 2007. (3)James M. Boughton: Globalization and the Silent Revolution of the 1980s, 2002. (4)Firdrik Gemson: Globalization and Political Strategy, 2001. (5) Kevin Watkins : Making Globalization work for the Poor 2002.
  • 10. . . ( ) . . . – – ]. .[ . ( ) [ – ] . : : (1) Jagdish Bhagwati: Targeting Rich – Country Protectionism Jubilee 2000. (2)Kevin Watkins : Making Globalization work for the Poor 2002.
  • 11. , ( ) . . – – . : – – . ( ) . . . : ª ­ : – – (1 ) . (2 ) . / / . / /
  • 12. ( ) : . . . Bailout Plan ( ) , . ( ) . – – : .. . . Ec.Recession ( ) % , . (1 ) . (2 )
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  • 15. : : " " – – . . ( ) . . – G7 .[ ] – – . : – . . . (1 )
  • 16. – . . – – :( ) . . .. – ( ) : ( – – ) ( ) . . . ... . : . (1 ) . . : . (2 ) .
  • 17. . (.. ) ( ) . ( ) . . .. : ( ) . : . (1 ) . : . (2 ) . : (3 ) - Cycles, Global Terrorism, and World Development. Alternatives: Turkish Journal International Relations, Vol. 6, No.1 &2, Spring & Summer 2007. - MOHAMMAD KARIM: Globalization and Post-Soviet Revival of Islam in Central Asia and the Caucuses. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 3, December 2005. - HASAN KOSEBALABAN: The Impact of Globalization on Islamic Political Identity: The Case of Turkey, World Affairs, Vol. 168No.1 Summer 2005. - Fauzi Najjar: THE MRABS, ISLAM AND GLOBALIZATION, MIDDLE EAST POLICY, VOL, XII, NO. 3, FALL 2005. - AHMET T. KHRU: Globalization and Diversification of Islamic Movements: Three Turkish Cases. - Political Science Quarterly Volume 120 Number 2 2005. - Alexandria HORSTMANN: Ethnohistorical Perspectives on Buddhist-Muslim Relations and Coexistence in Southern Thailand: From Shared Cosmos to the Emergence of Hatred? SOJOURN Vol. 19, Nc. 1 (2004), pp.76-99. - Suzaina Kadir: Mapping Muslim politics in Southeast Asia after September 11, The Pacific Review, Vol. 17 No. 2 June 2004: 199-222. - SINDRE BANGSTAD: The Changed Circumstances for The Persormance of Religious Authority in A Cape Mustim Community, Jourmal of Religion in Africa, 34, 1-2. - LEONARD A. STONE: The Islamic Crescent: Islam, Culture and Globalization, Innovation, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2002. - Roxanne L. Euben: Contingent Borders, Syncretic Perspective: Globalization, Political Theory, and Islamizing Knowledge, International Studies Association, Blackwell Publishing, 2002. - STEPHEN VERTIGANS and PHILIP W. SUTTON: Globalization Theory and Islamic Praxis, Global Society, Vol. 16, No. 1.2002.
  • 18. ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا ﻡ ا ا‬ ‫د ا‬ ‫ا زﻡ ا‬ ‫ﺕﺙ‬ ‫:‬ ‫.‬ ‫]‬ ‫[‬ ‫.‬ ‫.‬ ‫:‬ ‫:‬ ‫(‬ ‫( )‬ ‫)‬ ‫.‬ ‫.‬ ‫:‬ ‫:‬ ‫.‬
  • 19. : ª ª ª : :ª () ( ) ( ) : ( ) ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( , , % , % , % , % , ) ( , , % , . % , ) % , ( . , . , ,
  • 20. % , . , . . , : ª (ª ) ( ) : ) (% , , % , % , % , , ) ( , . , . , . : : / ( ) ( )
  • 21. . ( ) . ( ) , , , , . % , % , % , . % , % , % , . % , % , % .( ) % ,
  • 22. ª ª : : % % % . ( ) % , ( ) % , ( ) , ) , ( ) ) ( , ( , ( ) ( ) , , / , ( ) / ( ) / , / , ,
  • 23. ) , ( ( ) ( ) , , , , / , / , / ( ) / , ( ) ( ) % , % , . % , % , , ( ) ( ) % ) % ( ) ( ( ) , , ( ) .( ) ( )
  • 24. % , % , . % , % , . % , . ( )
  • 25. ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫تا‬ ‫ﻡ وا‬ ‫دور ا‬ ‫دي ﺙ ر ا زﻡ‬ ‫:‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫.‬ ‫.‬ ‫:‬ ‫.‬ ‫:‬ ‫.‬ ‫:‬ ‫.‬ ‫:‬ ‫¯:‬ ‫:‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫.‬ ‫.‬
  • 26. ) ( ) ( . . ( ) . (Milton Friedman) ( ) ( ) . ]. .[ – ]. .[ – ( ) ) .. ( . . / (1 )
  • 27. ( ) . .. . . [ ]. ( ) . . . : : . ( ) " " (1 ) . . : (2 )
  • 28. : . . – – " " . ( ) . – ( ) : . . : . . . . . ( ) . . (1 )
  • 29. . : . : . . . . . . . : . : ª ª : . .
  • 30. . . . . . ( ) : : ( ) . .( ) . ( ) . : ( ) . . ( ) : . . . . (1 )
  • 31. : ( ) . . : ( ) . : . .( ) . . . : ( ) . . : .( ) . . : ( ) . : .
  • 32. . : ( ) : : . . .( ) . . . : . . : ( ) . : . . . . .
  • 33. : ( ) ( ) : . . : . . . : . . : ( ) . : . .
  • 34. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫:‬ ‫:‬ ‫:‬ ‫:‬ ‫.‬ ‫.‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫.‬ ‫‪:ª‬‬ ‫:‬ ‫.‬ ‫.‬
  • 35. . Ë
  • 36. ‫ﺏ وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫:‬ ‫:‬ ‫:‬ ‫) ( .‬ ‫.‬ ‫) (‬ ‫.‬ ‫/‬ ‫/‬ ‫/‬ ‫/‬ ‫:‬ ‫:‬ ‫) ( .‬ ‫.‬ ‫:‬ ‫) ( .‬ ‫.‬ ‫:‬ ‫:‬ ‫) ( .‬ ‫.‬ ‫) (‬ ‫.‬ ‫:‬ ‫) ( .‬ ‫.‬ ‫) (‬ ‫.‬ ‫.‬ ‫:‬ ‫) (‬ ‫.‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫.‬ ‫/‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫.‬ ‫.‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
  • 37. ( ) . ( ) .( ) ( ) .( ) . ( ) www.fao.faostal.org ( ) . Food situation.www.fao.org/world .Comtrade ( ) : : (1) Harold James: The International Monetary System, New York; Oxford University Press, 1999. (2) Firdrik Gemson: Globalization and Political Strategy, 2001. (3) Timothy Lane and others: IMF-Supported Prograrns in Indonesia, Korea, and Thailand, IMF Occasional Paper 178, 1999. (4) Robert Garran: Tiges Tamed: The end of the Asian Miracle, 1998. (5) Paul Hirst Grahame Thompsion: Globalization in Question, 1999, 2004. (6) J. Timmons Roberts, Amy Hite: from Modernization to Globalization, 2000. (7) Kevin Watkins : Making Globalization work for the Poor 2002. (8) Paul Streeten : Integration, Interdependence, and Globalization, 2001. (9) Paul Streeten : Components of a Future Development Strategy, 1999. (10) James M. Boughton: Globalization and the Silent Revolution of the 1980s, 2002.
  • 38. (11) Jagdish Bhagwati: Targeting Rich – Country Protectionism Jubilee 2000. (12) R. Triffin, Gold and Dollar Crisis, Yale, 1960. (13) Hazem Beblawi, the Arab Gulf Economy in a University Press, 1999. (14) Cycles, Global Terrorism, and World Development. Alternatives: Turkish Journal International Relations, Vol. 6, No.1 &2, Spring & Summer 2007. (15) MOHAMMAD KAR1M: Globalization and Post-Soviet Revival of Islam in Central Asia and the Caucasus. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 3, December 2005. (16) HASAN KOSEBALABAN: The Impact of Globalization on Islamic Political Identity: The Case of Turkey, World Affairs, Vol. 168 No.1 Summer 2005. (17) Fauzi Najjar: THE ARABS, ISLAM AND GLOBALIZATION, MIDDLE EAST POLICY, VOL, XII, NO. 3, FALL 2005. (18) AHMET T. KHRU: Globalization and Diversification of Islamic Movements: Three Turkish Cases. (19) Political Science Quarterly Volume 120 Number 2 2005. (20) Alexandria HORSTMANN: Ethnohistorical Perspectives on Buddhist-Muslim Relations and Coexistence in Southern Thailand: From Shared Cosmos to the Emergence of Hatred? SOJOURN Vol. 19, Nc. 1 (2004), pp.76-99. (21) Suzaina Kadir: Mapping Muslim politics in Southeast Asia after September 11, The Pacific Review, Vol. 17 No. 2 June 2004: 199-222. (22) SINDRE BANGSTAD: The Changed Circumstances for The Performance of Religious Authority in A Cape Mustim Community, Jourmal of Religion in Africa, 34, 1-2. (23) LEONARD A. STONE: The Islamic Crescent: Islam, Culture and Globalization, Innovation, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2002. (24) Roxanne L. Euben: Contingent Borders, Syncretic Perspective: Globalization, Political Theory, and Islamizing Knowledge, International Studies Association, Blackwell Publishing, 2002. (25) STEPHEN VERTIGANS and PHILIP W. SUTTON: Globalization Theory and Islamic Praxis, Global Society, Vol. 16, No. 1.2002.
  • 39. ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻡ‬ :( ) ( ) ( ) / . ) ( ) ( ) % ( ) ( ( ) , , , , , , , ( ) , , , , , , , ( ) , , , , , , , ( ) , , , , , , , ( ) : : (1) www.fao.faostat.org. (2) Comtrade . ( ) .( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
  • 40. :( ) ( ) ( ) ) ) / . ( ) ( ) % ( ( ) ( , , , , , , , ( ) , , , , , , ( ) : : (1) www.fao.faostat.org. (2) Comtrade . ( ) .( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
  • 41. :( ) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , : : Food Situation www.fao.faostat.org
  • 42. :( ) ( ) ( ) % % , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , : : www.fao.faostat.org
  • 43. :( ) % % , , , , , / , , , , , / , , , , , / : : .
  • 44. ‫تا‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫......................................................................‬ ‫........................................................................‬ ‫( ...............................‬ ‫)‬ ‫:‬ ‫......................................‬ ‫:‬ ‫.............................‬ ‫:‬ ‫..................................‬ ‫:‬ ‫................................‬ ‫:‬ ‫......................................................................‬ ‫..............‬ ‫:‬ ‫.........‬ ‫:‬ ‫.....................‬ ‫:‬ ‫.......................................................................‬ ‫........................................‬ ‫:‬ ‫........................................‬ ‫:‬ ‫................................‬ ‫:‬ ‫.................................................................‬ ‫.................................................................‬ ‫:‬ ‫...............................................................‬ ‫:‬ ‫.....................................................‬ ‫.........................................................‬ ‫.............................................................‬