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Defending against infection Jo Stafferton Suitable for GCSE AQA Biology 4411 (does  not  include information on the nature of pathogens or viruses, you’ll need to find that yourself!)
Passive immunity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Active immunity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
White Blood Cells ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Phagocytes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bacteria enter the skin Phagocytes find the bacteria and ingest them.
A phagocyte ingesting  E. coli  on the outer surface of a blood vessel  in the lungs.
Lymphocytes ,[object Object],[object Object],antigen antibody lymphocyte
When a lymphocyte with an appropriate antibody meets an antigen, the lymphocyte  reproduces quickly, making many copies of the antibody that will destroy the pathogen.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Vaccination ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Antibiotics  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cleanliness ,[object Object],Hungarian doctor  Ignaz Semmelweis , was working in an obstetric clinic in 1847 when he discovered a way of preventing illness: he insisted that all doctors and medical students washed their hands in a chlorinated solution before entering the ward and again before examining each patient.  His rule was very unpopular and opposed however hundreds of mothers' lives were saved. His theories were proved repeatedly in practice, but still most of the other doctors opposed it.  Depressed and broken-hearted Semmelweis died at age 47, of blood poisoning, one of the infections  he had been trying to fight.  Painting by Robert A. Thom from "Great Moments in Medicine" pub. by Parke Davis & Company, in 1966
Sources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Defending Against Infection

  • 1. Defending against infection Jo Stafferton Suitable for GCSE AQA Biology 4411 (does not include information on the nature of pathogens or viruses, you’ll need to find that yourself!)
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Bacteria enter the skin Phagocytes find the bacteria and ingest them.
  • 7. A phagocyte ingesting E. coli on the outer surface of a blood vessel in the lungs.
  • 8.
  • 9. When a lymphocyte with an appropriate antibody meets an antigen, the lymphocyte reproduces quickly, making many copies of the antibody that will destroy the pathogen.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.