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Key conventions of existing Music magazines



After producing two radial analyses of existing magazine covers similar to
my own production, I found key conventions which could be seen in both
magazine covers. Firstly, the colour schemes which were generally used
were colours such as Red, Blue and Black. These colours are
stereotypically seen to be “masculine” colours as they are generally
associated with being favoured amongst the male generation, The
connotations of the colours black and red are generally associated with
passionate, strong, something which will provide energy and confidence to
the audience.
The fonts used were generally bold to grab the reader’s attention and
formatted on top of the covers to ensure that the model was the key
object which grabbed main attention. The uses of different fonts were
also used in both magazine covers to make the fonts look different from
one another and almost make them look unique in their own way. From this
observation, I will ensure that my cover will have different types of font
to make the cover look as eye-catching as possible.
Title: Font and Language
The titles is ‘Vibe’ and it is written in
bold, block letters, with sharp straight
edges on the V and I.
Firstly, the colour schemes which were
generally used were colours such as Red,
Grey and Black.
These colours are stereotypically seen to
be “masculine” colours as they are          Image of Ciara:
generally associated with being favoured    On the front cover, there is a picture of
amongst the male generation.                Ciara, naked and covering herself with
The connotations of the colours black and   her arms and legs.
red are generally associated with           This image has sexual connotations;
passionate, strong, something which will    Ciara is being portrayed as a sexual
                                            being. She looks confident and
provide energy and confidence to the
                                            comfortable being naked, suggesting that
audience.
                                            she is a modern woman, who is self-
                                            assured and proud of her sexuality.
                                            This would appeal to a male audience,
                                            because she is attractive and nude. This
                                            is representing men as interested in
                                            women’s physical appearance.
                                            Women may also find this image
                                            intriguing, as she looks feisty.




Target audience: This
                                                 Article: the main stories
magazine is aimed at
                                                 of the magazine are
18-30 male and
                                                 located, on the bottom left,
females who are
                                                 right and top right.
interested in music,
                                                 The headlines are bold
and celebrity news.
                                                 which attracts the reader’s
                                                 attention.
Title: Font and Language
  The title is ‘Q’ and it is written in bold,
  block letter, below the Title ‘A different
  Take on Music’ is written in small letters.
  This suggests that it is the slogan for the
  magazines.
  Firstly, the colour schemes which were        Image of Lily Allen:
  generally used were colours such as Red,      On the front cover, there is a picture of
  Blue, Black and White                         Lily Allen, naked and covering herself
  These colours are stereotypically seen to     with her arms and legs.
  be “masculine” colours as they are            This image has sexual connotations; Lily
  generally associated with being favoured      Allen is being portrayed as a sexual
  amongst the male generation.                  being. She looks confident and
  The connotations of the colours black and     comfortable being half naked, suggesting
  red are generally associated with             that she is a modern woman, who is self-
  passionate, strong, something which will      assured and proud of her sexuality. The
                                                two animals represent her dangerous side
  provide energy and confidence to the
                                                or they could also be a protective force
  audience.
                                                around her.
                                                This would appeal to a male audience,
                                                because she is attractive and half nude.
                                                This is representing men as interested in
                                                women’s physical appearance.
                                                Women may also find this image
                                                intriguing, as she looks feisty. And it
                                                shows her strong side making women
Target audience: This
                                                feel they can be independent.
magazine is aimed at
18-30 male and
females who are
interested in music,
and the latest in
celebrity real life
stories.                                                Article: the main stories
                                                        of the magazine are
                                                        located, on the Top right
                                                        The headlines are bold
                                                        which attracts the reader’s
                                                        attention.
Secondary Audience Research.

Identification of my Target Audience.

When designing my production, I will need to ensure that my idea is
specifically targeting my target audience. In this case Hip-Hop and R&B
listeners, even though there are a number of other theories, which relate
to constructing an audience. In term, of Graeme Burton’s theory between
socially grouped audiences and media grouped audiences, my age group will
be between the ages of 13 above. As my target audience is amongst this
age group. The most common listeners would be the 13-30 age groups.
They would usually be undergoing education in college or university or
being employed in a part-time job or Full-time. In terms of media grouped
audience, which focuses on their relationship with the media, my target
audience would share an interest in fashion, the latest Music and other
real life situations, which the media highlights.

Burton’s classification of socially grouped audiences, and identify further
subjective which identify more specific regions, which offer motives
appropriate to my audience. For example, my target audience would have
personal interest in, Music, celebrities, real life and other issues which
would appeal to my target audience, and this idea would persuade readers
to buy my magazines as it would personally appeal to their aspirations.
The ethnic grouping of my audience will play a role in my choice of images
and messages. The genre of music I am focusing on (Hip-Hop and R&B)
mainly targets the black urban community.

Richard Dyer suggests that people will respond to a message if it offers
them a positive outlook for the inadequacies of their own lives. In my
case, my magazine will provide energy for those who feel exhaustion, by
providing bold headings, with colour schemes that give of a sense of
energy. It will also a sense of community for those who feel isolated, as I
plan to produce a real life story for my double page spread, which can
help the reader feel involved and can also, in some cases, relate to it
through their own experiences. For example, if my real life story was to
be based around Tragedy, there would be clear motives I could offer
based on this theory such as clarity on facts and a community device as
people who can relate to the story, might feel as if they are not alone.
Abraham Maslow suggests in his theory, that everyone has 8 basic needs;
therefore if I target these needs I will have a greater chance of
fulfilling my target audience’s requirements. In my case, the top two
needs in Maslow’s hierarchy apply to my magazine, as humans feel as if
they need to have self-esteem, confidence and a sense of achievement. It
also relates to self- actualisation, as I will insure that my magazine
includes that strategy which enables the reader to accept facts and
creativity.




    Results and findings of the questionnaire and interview.

    Which of these artists below would you most enjoy listening to?


The Majority of my participants stated that their favourite
artist is Ne-yo. They chose him because they enjoyed his
music and felt they could relate to what he says in his songs.


               What do you feel makes a good magazine?

The Majority of my participants stated that a good magazine
should have the following features: Not too busy, longer, in-
depth features, lack of ‘celeb’ feel, and lack of pretention.
These were the main points my participants answered.


                How often do you purchase a magazine?

The majority of my participants stated that they purchase a
magazine sometimes. Most expanded on this and stated
they rarely do because the internet is free and easily
accessible. Plus magazines are condensed into a couple
pages while the internets information is endless.



          What does your favourite magazine provide for you?
The majority of participants stated that their favourite magazine
  provided energy through bright colour schemes. Some
  participants also stated that they usually read magazines when
  they feel bored, and reading about issues may give them
  energy. They also stated that their favourite magazine provided
  clarity of facts through Celebrity news and problem pages, as
  they felt they could relate to some issues and gain some clarity
  of facts to help them resolve their personal problem.


            How much would you be willing to spend on a magazine?

  Most participants stated that they                                                      How m uch w ould you be w illing to spend
  usually bought magazines whenever                                                                  on a m agazine?

  they feel like it. From my own
                                                                                          7
  assumption, this would usually apply if




                                                                       Amount of people
                                                                                          6
  the magazine looked appealing;                                                          5
  therefore I will use bright colours and                                                 4
                                                                                          3
  appealing stories, which will persuade                                                  2
  the reader to buy the magazine.                                                         1
                                                                                          0
                                                                                                 0.99p-     £2-£2.99   £3-£3.99   £4+
  From this, I can establish that               £1.99
  teenagers are more likely to spend the                  Price
  maximum of £2.99 when purchasing a
  magazine. This is understandable, as
  most teenagers may not have a part-time Job, so a spending
  budget may be visible.




                    Do you live in the countryside or the city?

                                                                  Do you live in the Countryside or the City?
From this, I can tell that all my
participants live in the city, and this                           12
may affect my understanding of                                    10
                                               Amount of people




potential participants who may live in                            8
the countryside and whether or not,                               6
they would also be persuaded into                                 4
purchasing a potential new magazine.                              2
                                                                  0
                                                                                              Countryside               City
                                                                                                            Area
What would be your interpretation of a “stereotypical” model, in terms
                           of their image?

The feedback I received from this question, were all fairly
similar to each other as everyone stated that their
interpretation of a “stereotypical” model would be that they
would be glamorous and beautiful usually dressed stylish.
They would have a toned body and look as if they have
achieved something. This reflects back to my target
audience, as the model would presumably influence 13-30,
as he/she would be a device, which portrays some sort of
personal gain.




Which Of these Music Magazines Below Do You Prefer?

The feedback I received from this                            Music Magazines
question was fairy spread out.
Most of my participants chose                     6
NME as their favourite one; they
                                                  5
felt that the magazine met their
                                                  4
favourite genre ‘Indie’, while
                                         Number




the ones that chose billboard,                    3
vibe and king felt that it met their              2
favourite genre ‘hip-hop and                      1
R&B’.                                             0
                                                      Vibe       King          NME   Billboard
                                                                        Name
Which of these artists below is your favorite Female R&B artist?

                                                               Female R&B
The Majority of my
participants stated that their
favourite Female R&B artist                     4
is Beyonce and Rihanna.                         3




                                       Number
They chose them because                         2
they enjoyed their music and
felt they could relate to what                  1
they say in their songs.                        0
              Plan                                  Beyonce    Keri    Rihanna Mariah
                                                              Hilson           Carey

For the magazine I am hoping to use the following ideas
to help me design my magazine.

Title Ideas:
for my magazine cover I am hoping to choose one out
of the following names:

   •   G.M.: this stands for gifted musicians. Abbreviations
       are common these days with magazines. This
       makes people feel superior cause they may no
       what it means

   •   Seeing Sounds: I don’t think this would work in my title
       but I think it will work well as a slogan.

   •   Mr Exclusive: this name possesses certain qualities
       that give the tale verisimilitude. This is a name that
       would be remembered as a good magazine, it
       could associate with music legends.

   •   Shake: is a rhythmic movement, this could target an
       audience that is into dance and up-tempo music

Ideas that have been discarded:
   • Unix
   • Ridely
   • Unique
• Ballers
  • All or Nothing

I after looking at all possible title names; I have decided
to choose Mr Exclusive. Because I feel it is easy to
pronounce, it’s also a common word used, this could
also appeal to my target audience for example, and
their favourite artists can be considered legends in their
main genre.




Colour Schemes:
for my magazine I am hoping to use a range of two to
three different colours to:
After reaching other magazines and what colours they
use, I narrowed my list of colours down to 6 different
colours.




White: is the colour that represents purity, neutrality,
sterility and youth.

The reason why I chose white is because White is a
neutral colour that will continue to be the preferred
backdrop on websites and the “colour” behind the
colour. This suits the audience I am targeting cause it is
associated with Light, reverence, purity, truth, peace,
innocence, cleanliness, simplicity.


Black: It has an ominous characteristic, symbolizing
death.
• It has an air of intelligence (graduation robes),
  marked with rebellion (the bad guy), shrouded in
  mystery (space).
• Black’s evil symbolism complements the good in the
   world. Whatever the social, economic, political
   environment,
I Chose Black because; it will always be a popular
colour in all industries including the music industry which
would target my audience.

Red is the color of celebration and good luck (China),
purity and integrity (India).
I chose Red Because It is so bold and audacious; it
usually dilutes the colours around it. That’s why it’s
used to accent and highlight objects of importance.

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Introduction12

  • 1. Key conventions of existing Music magazines After producing two radial analyses of existing magazine covers similar to my own production, I found key conventions which could be seen in both magazine covers. Firstly, the colour schemes which were generally used were colours such as Red, Blue and Black. These colours are stereotypically seen to be “masculine” colours as they are generally associated with being favoured amongst the male generation, The connotations of the colours black and red are generally associated with passionate, strong, something which will provide energy and confidence to the audience. The fonts used were generally bold to grab the reader’s attention and formatted on top of the covers to ensure that the model was the key object which grabbed main attention. The uses of different fonts were also used in both magazine covers to make the fonts look different from one another and almost make them look unique in their own way. From this observation, I will ensure that my cover will have different types of font to make the cover look as eye-catching as possible.
  • 2. Title: Font and Language The titles is ‘Vibe’ and it is written in bold, block letters, with sharp straight edges on the V and I. Firstly, the colour schemes which were generally used were colours such as Red, Grey and Black. These colours are stereotypically seen to be “masculine” colours as they are Image of Ciara: generally associated with being favoured On the front cover, there is a picture of amongst the male generation. Ciara, naked and covering herself with The connotations of the colours black and her arms and legs. red are generally associated with This image has sexual connotations; passionate, strong, something which will Ciara is being portrayed as a sexual being. She looks confident and provide energy and confidence to the comfortable being naked, suggesting that audience. she is a modern woman, who is self- assured and proud of her sexuality. This would appeal to a male audience, because she is attractive and nude. This is representing men as interested in women’s physical appearance. Women may also find this image intriguing, as she looks feisty. Target audience: This Article: the main stories magazine is aimed at of the magazine are 18-30 male and located, on the bottom left, females who are right and top right. interested in music, The headlines are bold and celebrity news. which attracts the reader’s attention.
  • 3. Title: Font and Language The title is ‘Q’ and it is written in bold, block letter, below the Title ‘A different Take on Music’ is written in small letters. This suggests that it is the slogan for the magazines. Firstly, the colour schemes which were Image of Lily Allen: generally used were colours such as Red, On the front cover, there is a picture of Blue, Black and White Lily Allen, naked and covering herself These colours are stereotypically seen to with her arms and legs. be “masculine” colours as they are This image has sexual connotations; Lily generally associated with being favoured Allen is being portrayed as a sexual amongst the male generation. being. She looks confident and The connotations of the colours black and comfortable being half naked, suggesting red are generally associated with that she is a modern woman, who is self- passionate, strong, something which will assured and proud of her sexuality. The two animals represent her dangerous side provide energy and confidence to the or they could also be a protective force audience. around her. This would appeal to a male audience, because she is attractive and half nude. This is representing men as interested in women’s physical appearance. Women may also find this image intriguing, as she looks feisty. And it shows her strong side making women Target audience: This feel they can be independent. magazine is aimed at 18-30 male and females who are interested in music, and the latest in celebrity real life stories. Article: the main stories of the magazine are located, on the Top right The headlines are bold which attracts the reader’s attention.
  • 4. Secondary Audience Research. Identification of my Target Audience. When designing my production, I will need to ensure that my idea is specifically targeting my target audience. In this case Hip-Hop and R&B listeners, even though there are a number of other theories, which relate to constructing an audience. In term, of Graeme Burton’s theory between socially grouped audiences and media grouped audiences, my age group will be between the ages of 13 above. As my target audience is amongst this age group. The most common listeners would be the 13-30 age groups. They would usually be undergoing education in college or university or being employed in a part-time job or Full-time. In terms of media grouped audience, which focuses on their relationship with the media, my target audience would share an interest in fashion, the latest Music and other real life situations, which the media highlights. Burton’s classification of socially grouped audiences, and identify further subjective which identify more specific regions, which offer motives appropriate to my audience. For example, my target audience would have personal interest in, Music, celebrities, real life and other issues which would appeal to my target audience, and this idea would persuade readers to buy my magazines as it would personally appeal to their aspirations. The ethnic grouping of my audience will play a role in my choice of images and messages. The genre of music I am focusing on (Hip-Hop and R&B) mainly targets the black urban community. Richard Dyer suggests that people will respond to a message if it offers them a positive outlook for the inadequacies of their own lives. In my case, my magazine will provide energy for those who feel exhaustion, by providing bold headings, with colour schemes that give of a sense of energy. It will also a sense of community for those who feel isolated, as I plan to produce a real life story for my double page spread, which can help the reader feel involved and can also, in some cases, relate to it through their own experiences. For example, if my real life story was to be based around Tragedy, there would be clear motives I could offer based on this theory such as clarity on facts and a community device as people who can relate to the story, might feel as if they are not alone.
  • 5. Abraham Maslow suggests in his theory, that everyone has 8 basic needs; therefore if I target these needs I will have a greater chance of fulfilling my target audience’s requirements. In my case, the top two needs in Maslow’s hierarchy apply to my magazine, as humans feel as if they need to have self-esteem, confidence and a sense of achievement. It also relates to self- actualisation, as I will insure that my magazine includes that strategy which enables the reader to accept facts and creativity. Results and findings of the questionnaire and interview. Which of these artists below would you most enjoy listening to? The Majority of my participants stated that their favourite artist is Ne-yo. They chose him because they enjoyed his music and felt they could relate to what he says in his songs. What do you feel makes a good magazine? The Majority of my participants stated that a good magazine should have the following features: Not too busy, longer, in- depth features, lack of ‘celeb’ feel, and lack of pretention. These were the main points my participants answered. How often do you purchase a magazine? The majority of my participants stated that they purchase a magazine sometimes. Most expanded on this and stated they rarely do because the internet is free and easily accessible. Plus magazines are condensed into a couple pages while the internets information is endless. What does your favourite magazine provide for you?
  • 6. The majority of participants stated that their favourite magazine provided energy through bright colour schemes. Some participants also stated that they usually read magazines when they feel bored, and reading about issues may give them energy. They also stated that their favourite magazine provided clarity of facts through Celebrity news and problem pages, as they felt they could relate to some issues and gain some clarity of facts to help them resolve their personal problem. How much would you be willing to spend on a magazine? Most participants stated that they How m uch w ould you be w illing to spend usually bought magazines whenever on a m agazine? they feel like it. From my own 7 assumption, this would usually apply if Amount of people 6 the magazine looked appealing; 5 therefore I will use bright colours and 4 3 appealing stories, which will persuade 2 the reader to buy the magazine. 1 0 0.99p- £2-£2.99 £3-£3.99 £4+ From this, I can establish that £1.99 teenagers are more likely to spend the Price maximum of £2.99 when purchasing a magazine. This is understandable, as most teenagers may not have a part-time Job, so a spending budget may be visible. Do you live in the countryside or the city? Do you live in the Countryside or the City? From this, I can tell that all my participants live in the city, and this 12 may affect my understanding of 10 Amount of people potential participants who may live in 8 the countryside and whether or not, 6 they would also be persuaded into 4 purchasing a potential new magazine. 2 0 Countryside City Area
  • 7. What would be your interpretation of a “stereotypical” model, in terms of their image? The feedback I received from this question, were all fairly similar to each other as everyone stated that their interpretation of a “stereotypical” model would be that they would be glamorous and beautiful usually dressed stylish. They would have a toned body and look as if they have achieved something. This reflects back to my target audience, as the model would presumably influence 13-30, as he/she would be a device, which portrays some sort of personal gain. Which Of these Music Magazines Below Do You Prefer? The feedback I received from this Music Magazines question was fairy spread out. Most of my participants chose 6 NME as their favourite one; they 5 felt that the magazine met their 4 favourite genre ‘Indie’, while Number the ones that chose billboard, 3 vibe and king felt that it met their 2 favourite genre ‘hip-hop and 1 R&B’. 0 Vibe King NME Billboard Name
  • 8. Which of these artists below is your favorite Female R&B artist? Female R&B The Majority of my participants stated that their favourite Female R&B artist 4 is Beyonce and Rihanna. 3 Number They chose them because 2 they enjoyed their music and felt they could relate to what 1 they say in their songs. 0 Plan Beyonce Keri Rihanna Mariah Hilson Carey For the magazine I am hoping to use the following ideas to help me design my magazine. Title Ideas: for my magazine cover I am hoping to choose one out of the following names: • G.M.: this stands for gifted musicians. Abbreviations are common these days with magazines. This makes people feel superior cause they may no what it means • Seeing Sounds: I don’t think this would work in my title but I think it will work well as a slogan. • Mr Exclusive: this name possesses certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude. This is a name that would be remembered as a good magazine, it could associate with music legends. • Shake: is a rhythmic movement, this could target an audience that is into dance and up-tempo music Ideas that have been discarded: • Unix • Ridely • Unique
  • 9. • Ballers • All or Nothing I after looking at all possible title names; I have decided to choose Mr Exclusive. Because I feel it is easy to pronounce, it’s also a common word used, this could also appeal to my target audience for example, and their favourite artists can be considered legends in their main genre. Colour Schemes: for my magazine I am hoping to use a range of two to three different colours to: After reaching other magazines and what colours they use, I narrowed my list of colours down to 6 different colours. White: is the colour that represents purity, neutrality, sterility and youth. The reason why I chose white is because White is a neutral colour that will continue to be the preferred backdrop on websites and the “colour” behind the colour. This suits the audience I am targeting cause it is associated with Light, reverence, purity, truth, peace, innocence, cleanliness, simplicity. Black: It has an ominous characteristic, symbolizing death. • It has an air of intelligence (graduation robes), marked with rebellion (the bad guy), shrouded in mystery (space).
  • 10. • Black’s evil symbolism complements the good in the world. Whatever the social, economic, political environment, I Chose Black because; it will always be a popular colour in all industries including the music industry which would target my audience. Red is the color of celebration and good luck (China), purity and integrity (India). I chose Red Because It is so bold and audacious; it usually dilutes the colours around it. That’s why it’s used to accent and highlight objects of importance.