1. Colonial Period (1600-1750)
1745 -
1770 -
1635 - The 1647 - Old Arithmetic
Massachussetts Philadelphia
Boston Latin Deluder Satan introduced into
Act of 1642 African School
School founded Act Latin Grammar
founded
Schools
The purpose of education at this time was overall to promote the reading of the Bible and the support of religion.
This was especially important to American colonists because they came to America to practice their religion freely;
therefore it was a cornerstone of their society. This is especially seen with the Puritans. Education was a privilege
to the white and wealthy, though there were some Quaker schools for Native Americans and African Americans.
Of course, schools remained segregated at this time.
The Massachussets Act
of 1642 promoted Important subjects
There was no Dame schools (run by Schools were reserved during this period
universal compulsory
separation of church widows or
and state in these
mainly for the wealthy education by fining indluded:
housewives), reading white males, towns for having
times. and writing the classic
Although, the lower children unable to read.
Parochial schools were schools, and Latin languages (Latin
Grammar schools class could attend The Old Deluder Satan
established for and
different creeds, so (equivalent to today's through the elementary Act soon
there was segregation secondary schools) level, learning followed, mandating Greek), reading,
of schools even by were the institutions of reading, writing, and the establishment and
writing,
the time math. support of schools.
religion at these times.
P These acts greatly and arithmetic
S L supported universal
literacy L E

2. History of Education Timeline
Hannah Foster
EFC 310
Theme Symbol Key:
P = Public Education
L = Universal Literacy
E = Essential Subjects
S = Secular Education
LC = Local Control
C = Comprehensive Education

3. Early Nationalization (1750-1820)
1751- Benjamin 1779 - Thomas
1783 - Noah
Franklin's Jefferson proposed
Webster's Speller is
Philadelphia education ideas to
published
Academy opens Congress
Schools in this era started to progress more toward the secular side with
the development of academies and new importance of subjects besides
purely religion. The beginning of the push for public education started with
Thomas Jefferson as well.
Private secondary schools New subjects to surface in Thomas Jefferson pushed
thrived with Benjamin for elementary schools Noah Webster was
academies: important for
Franklin's foundation of Sarah Pierce established controlled by the state
the Philiadelphia Academy. English grammar, female focusing on writing one fo the
Academies replaced Latin modern foreign academies, beginning the writing, reading, and math first American
Grammar schools and languages, science, growth of opportunities for and offered for free to all
began to focus on subjects the education of women. white children. Also textbooks which
geography, supported enrollment of
seen as more relevant to
Another option for girls became extremely
the present day . They agriculutre, poor children in grammar
used public funding and
was a female schools. popular in
mechanics. seminary, aimed at training
were secular institutions. Though Jefferson's education. This
Considered public since Some of these subjects are women for service to the widespread
public revolutionary ideas didn't
anyone could attend found today in secondary
schools, though some
survive Congress, his ideas circulation helped
regardless of creed, as long
as they could pay the clearly don't apply to PL started the thought
to promote
process for providing free
tuition. P S society today E universal literacy. L
education P

4. Middle Nationalization (1820-1860)
1821 - 1839 - 1855 -
1862 -
Boston English First normal First
Morrill Land-
Classical School school in the US kindergarten
Grant Act
established opens opens in the US
This period was characterized by great gains in the growth
of public education. Teachers were also expected to hold
higher training, further improving the education system.
The Morrill Land-
McGuffey Grant Act "provided
Readers, with 6 total federal land for states
State supported
Horace Mann said volumes, became either to sell or to rent
"common schools"
"Education is the even more popular in order to raise funds Kindergartens surfaced in
began to emerge, kick the US, based off of
great equalizer of the than Webster's for the establishment
starting the beginning Mann also pushed for Friedrich Froebel's
conditions of men". Speller. The books of colleges"
of widespread public further training of theories emphasizing
He was the 1st included positive Huge amounts of
education. Common teachers, sparking the child growth and
secretary of a state short stories money were
schools have lead to emergence of normal development before
board of education containing valuable raised, and this began entrance into formal
the school system we schools.
and greatly supported moral lessons. They the common practice schooling. Format
have today
(free, public, and
the growth of
common schools.
LC simultaneously taught
much of the
of the federal included
play, music, stories,and
locally controlled). government actively
population to read language activities.
L working with and
P LC and live upright. influencing higher
L education in
America.LC

5. Late Nationalization (1860-1900)
1880 -
Booker T. 1930 -
1892-93 - 1893 -
Washington founds Committe of Ten all states pass
Committe of
Tuskegee Institute meet compulsory
Fifteen meet
for African education laws
Americans
Universal literacy and public education made great gains during this
period as compulsory education laws were passed. The subjects of
schools were also specifically defined, as well as their main purposes.
With the meeting of the
Committee of Ten, the core
Committee of Fifteen
subjects for high school were met to determine the
With all states passing Special institutions were identified: five basic subjects at
compulsory education laws founded for minorities Greek, Latin, English, and the elementary level:
by 1930, school enrollments typically shunned from other modern languages;
skyrocketed. public schools. mathematics, physics and grammar,
Therefore, with more An example includes chemistry, history, and
geography. literature,
children in the school Booker T. Washington's
system, literacy rates Tuskegee Institute for High school's main purpose arithmetic,
exploded as well. African Americans. identified as preparign
"intellectually elite geography,
L LC P L students" for life and and history
preparing them for college.
E E

6. Global Presence and Immigration
(1900-1945)
1896 - 1915 -
John Dewey and his almost 100 1944 -
wife found their Montessori schools G.I. Bill of Rights
Laboratory school operating in the US
The philosophy of progressivism greatly influenced the development of
education at this time. The main principles included learning lead by
student interest and a focus on practical needs.
By the early 1930s, 2/3 of The G.I. Bill of
The Montessori
Native Americans attended Rights, passed by
method, originating in
John Dewey embraced the Europe, spread to the US
boarding schools which President Franklin D.
aimed to assimilate them Roosevelt, provided
progressive movement and and is still used today. into white society and bring college money for
established a "laboratory The method focuses on them "salvation". In the veterans.
school" in which the surrounding the students process, these schools
curriculum was entirely with materials designed This resulted in a huge
devastated the continuance
conducted by the interest growth of colleges and
to develop the students' of Native American culture.
of the students.
skills and knowledge, but Many public schools universities and
E the choice of what to forbade speaking any other development of higher
play or experiment with language besides English. education in US overall.
is the child's. S LC L

7. Modern Period (1945-
Present)
1954 - 1957 - Sputnik was 1958 - National
launched, turned Defense Education 1965 - Elementary 1975 - Education 2001-
Brown v. Board of 1975-
the public's eye Act - the U.S.'s and Secondary for all Handicapped No Child Left
Education of toward US response to Education Act Title IX Children Act Behind
Topeka education Sputnik
The Modern era of education has been host to numerous revolutionary
changes. An emphasis on quality education emerged in order to keep up with an
advancing world. There was a movement for equality in schools, including
desegregation and acts to promote equality across gender and ability.
With the launch of Title IX prohibits
Sputnik, America's eye John F. Kennedy's War discrimination based No Child Left
Immediate Behind, passed
turned on the on Poverty on sex and the
desegregation was
education system and established such The Elementary and Education for all by President
ordered through the
blamed it for the lack programs as Secondary Education Handicapped Children
of advances occuring
court case Brown v.
subsidized breakfast Act, passsed by Act guaranteed that George W.
Board of Education of Bush, requires
in the US. and lunch, Head President special needs students
Topeka.
In response, the Start, and Upward Johnson, distributed would receive improvement
Desegregation was a
Bound, all of which federal funding based free, appropriate
National Defense long and tiresome
aimed to equalize the on the number of education. on standardized
Education Act placed a process, whit many
push on fighting the change.
playing field and move poor children in the These both helped to tests by schools
science, math, and towards school districts promote and districts in
Finally today we have
comprehensive
modern foreign desegregated schools.
education. LC comprehensive order to receive
languages as well as education support a
reading, English, histo CP truly public school more federal
C LC funding LC
ry, and geography. E system.C