3. EXPORTS SCENARIO OF INDIA
Current Exports: -US$ 178.7 Billion
Target for current year US$ 200 Billion
Share in World Exports: 1.5%
Ranking in World Exports: 26
Exports as % of GDP : 20%
Employment in exports :175 Million
Exports Target for 2020 : 5% of World
Trade
5. DIRECTION OF TRADE
1) Europe 21.56%
EU Countries (27) 20.17%
Other WE Countries 1.33%
East Europe 0.07%
2) Africa 5.77%
Southern Africa 1.85%
West Africa 1.76%
Central Africa 0.20%
East Africa 1.97%
3) America 15.04%
North America 11.56%
Latin America 3 .48%
4) Asia & ASEAN 53.94%
East Asia 0.95%
ASEAN 10.12%
WANA 22.02%
NE Asia 16.11%
South Asia 4.73%
6. DIRECTION OF TRADE(CONTD.)
5) CIS & Baltics 0.94%
CARs Countries 0.15%
Other CIS Countries 0.79%
6) Other Countries 2.75%
7. CURRENT SCENARIO OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
Indian Agriculture has made rapid strides since
independence
1) From food shortages and import to self-sufficiency and
exports.
2) From subsistence farming to intensive and technology led
cultivation.
3) Today , India is the front ranking producer of many crops in
the world.
4) Ushered in through the green, white, blue and yellow
revolutions
8. INDIA’S POSITION IN WORLD AGRICULTURE
Parameter Rank in World.
Total Area Seventh
Irrigated Area First
Population Second
Economically Active population Second
Total Cereals Third
Wheat Second
Rice Second
Coarse grains Fourth
Total Pulses First
Oil Seeds Second
Fruits and Vegetables Second
Implements (Tractors) Third
Milk First
Live Stock (castles, Buffaloes) First
9. INDIAN AGRICULTURE- SOME FACTS
Total Geographical Area - 328 million hectares
Net Area sown - 142 million hectares
Gross Cropped Area – 190.8 million hectares
Net Irrigated Area - 56 million hectares
Drought-prone Area - 190 million
hectares
Potential for Biological Production - 265 million hectares
Area threatened by land degradation 50% of TGA
2. Major Crop Production (1999-2000)
Rice 89.5 million tonnes
Wheat 75.6 million tonnes
Coarse Cereals 30.5 million tonnes
Pulses 13.4 million tonnes
Oilseeds 20.9 million tonnes
Sugarcane 29.9 million tonnes
10. MILE STONES IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Green Revolution (1968)
Ever-Green Revolution (1996)
Blue Revolution (water, fish)
White Revolution (Milk)
Yellow Revolution (flower, edible)
Bio-Technology Revolution
ICT Revolution
11. DEVELOPMENT OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE : BASIC ISSUES
Revitalization of Cooperative Institutions
Improving Rural Credits
Research, Education & Extension
Human Resources Development
Trade & Export Promotion
Land Reforms
Enabling Environment for higher Agricultural Growth
The thrust areas:
Diversification of Agriculture
Inter-cropping
Micro Management
Water Management
Organic Farming
Agri-Clinics and Agri-business Centres
Bio-Technology
12. INDIAN AGRICULTURE- SOME FACTS
3. Contributes to 24% of GDP
4. Provides food to 1Billion people
5. Sustains 65% of the population : helps alleviate
poverty
6. Produces 51 major Crops
7. Provides Raw Material to Industries
8. Contributes to 1/6th of the export earnings
9. One of the 12 Bio-diversity centers in the world with
over 46,000 species of plants and 86,000 species of
animals recorded
13. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS
India is
1. Largest producer in the world of pulses , tea , and milk
2. Second Largest producer of fruits, vegetables, wheat , rice,
groundnut and sugarcane.
3. Indian Agriculture Scenario
STRENGTHS WEAKNESS
Rich Bio-diversity Fragmentation of land
Arable land Low Technology Inputs
Climate Unsustainable Water Mangt
Strong and well dispersed Poor Infrastructure
research and extension system Low value addition
14. CONTINUED…
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
Bridgeable yield crops Unsustainable Resource
Use
Exports Unsustainable Regional
Development
Agro-based Industry Imports
Horticulture
Untapped potential in the N.E
Current Concerns
Pressure of the Population on Land
Skewed distribution of operational holdings
Land Degradation
Water Balance
Low level of mechanization
Low Fertilizer Consumption
15. CONTINUED…
India’s competitive advantage
- Diverse agro climatic conditions.
- Sufficiency of Inputs.
- Reasonable labour costs.
Agriculture exports from India account for less than 1% world
trade in Agriculture commodities.
- Target is to raise India’s share to 2% .
Thrust Areas
Improvement and maintenance of quality.
Consonance with International Standards.
Strengthening of Infrastructure.
Identification of niche products and markets.
16. TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT
Biotechnology
Pre & post harvesting technology
Energy saving technology
Environment protection technology
Information and Communication technology
GIS & RS technology
Internet/Intranet Technology
18. FOOD AND AGRICULTURE- SIGNIFICANT
FEATURES
1. High volatility in commodity prices
2. Ban on exports of certain commodities
3. Global economic growth, increasing population in
developing countries to drive demand for commodities
4.Food and food security to remain a challenge for
developing countries for generations to come
5.Share of natural resources in world trade has risen
sharply in recent years
6. Natural resources endowments- blessing or curse?
Blessing- comparative advantage and critical to
economic growth,
and curse- trapping them in a state of under-
development
19. CONTINUED…
7. In the 31 block of OECD countries, most distortive form
of support still continues
8. 9 years since Doha development round has failed to
make a dent on this- subsidies have only gone up
9. The fall in (farm goods) prices at the end of 2008 has
led to concerns about the impact of the future market
volatility on the ability of producers to expand output, on
an environmentally sustainable basis, in response to
growing demand ( World Trade Report-2010)
10. In India, the public investment in farm and farm
research is abysmally low(0.6% of GDP in 2008-09 vs.
1.4% in 80-81) leading to stagnant growth rate ( 2-3 %)
11. 20% of GDP supports more than half the population
20. CONTINUED…
12.India grows 12 and 14% of world’s fruits and vegetables
respectively whereas the exports are only 1.5% of
world’s exports (mainly to west asia and east europe)
13.Wastage around 40% due to lack of post- harvest
management techniques
14.The investment in agriculture has stagnated at around
0.6 % of GDP since 1999, whereas, the food subsidy
has rocketed from around 9200 crores to around 47000
crores(0.76% of GDP).
15.Export strategy for Mango (India produces 54% of
world’s production), Banana including its value added
products (India is the largest producer) and Litchi
(produced only in Indian sub-continent) required to
create a win-win situation.
16.Floriculture- out of US$ 17 billion of world export, India’s
21. CONTINUED…
17. All this calls for targeted interventions
18. Investments for improvements in pre and post harvest
technology and management systems, strengthening the
cold chain system, maintaining the quality standards and
farmers awareness, R&D, strengthening the role of Agri
Export Zones (AEZ)
19.Internal demand has failed to accelerate agriculture
income growth
20.FTAs and RTAs for more and diversified market access