This document discusses sources of traffic noise and methods to reduce it. It explains that tire-pavement noise becomes the dominant source at higher speeds. Various pavement materials and designs are discussed that can lower noise, such as porous asphalt, gap-graded stone matrix, and asphalt rubber friction courses. Noise barriers are also described as an effective way to reduce noise levels reaching nearby areas. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of implementing quieter pavement techniques to achieve safer and quieter highways.

1. GOVT.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,KARAD
Name :Mr.Himanshu Satoskar
Roll No : 09154

2. Introduction
Aim and its objective
Sound and Noise
Noise barrier
Tyre and Pavement Noise
Types of pavements
Conclusion
References

3. SOUND AND NOISE
 Sound is small but fast changes in air
pressure that cycle higher and then
lower than the air pressure that is all
around us.
 Noise is a sound that is objectionable
to individual.
 Decibel
Sound-
level[Db]=20*log10([Pa]/0.0002Pa)

4. Figure 1. Comparison of sound pressure, sound levels,
and common examples

5. TRAFFIC NOISE
 Propulsion noise
At low speed
 Tyre-Pavement noise
Cross-over speed
 Aerodynamic noise
High speed

6. EFFECT OF VEHICLE TYPE AND
SPEED

7. CONTROL OF TRAFFIC NOISE
 Six possible methods to reduce traffic
noise
 Noise barriers
 Reducing source noise intensity
 Encouraging use of hybrid & electric
highways
 Improving aerodynamics & tyre-design
 Low noise paving material

8. NOISE BARRIER
 A noise barrier is an interior structure
designed to protect sensitive land
uses from noise pollution.
 Most effective method
• Reduce loudness of noise by half
• Reduce noise level for people living
next to highways
• Do not increase noise levels on
opposite highways

9. NOISE BARRIER
 History
 Design
 Working
 Material

11. Types of noise barriers

12. Grooved noise barrier
 Developed by Carsonite International
 Light-weight hollow panels made of
tongue and groove planks of
reinforced composite materials filled
with crumbed tyre rubber

13. Disadvantages and limitations
 Aesthetic impacts for motorists &
neighbours, if scenic views are
blocked
 Cost of design, construction and
maintenance
 Necessity to design custom drainage
that the barrier may interrupt

14. TYRE-PAVEMENT NOISE

15. Reasons behind tyre –pavement
noise
• Tread impact
• Air pumping
• Stick-slip
• Stick-snap
Amplification of sound
• Acoustical horn
• Helmholtz resonance
• Pipe resonance
• Cavity resonance

16. Pavement Properties
 Texture
 Porosity
 Stiffness

17. ASPHALT ALTERNATIVES
 Porous asphalt
 Gap-graded stone-matrix
 Dense-graded asphalt mixture
 Asphalt rubber friction course

18. ASPHALT RUBBER FRICTION
COURSE
Benefits:
 Safety
 Significant reduction of traffic noise in urban area
 Improved surface water drainage, reducing safety hazards of
hydroplaning and visual impairing water spray
 Potentially major cost savings through elimination of sound
barriers
 Reduction of maintenance costs through improved crack
resistance
 Conserves natural resources (friction course can be reduced
in thickness, conserving aggregate and asphalt cement)
 Can save initial capital construction costs through cost-
effective alternative to road construction
 Improved road structural stability by preventing moisture
penetration into road foundation
 Elimination of waste tyres through productive recycling

19. a)Porous Asphalt
b)Gap-graded stone
matrix
c)Dense-graded
asphalt mixture

20. CONCRETE ALTERNATIVES
 Drag and Diamond ground concrete
 Longitudnal Tining
 Transverse Tining
 Exposed aggregate
 Porous concrete

21. a)Drag & Diamond
ground concrete
b)Longitudnal
Tining & Transverse
Tining
c)Exposed
aggregate & Porous
concrete

22. CONCLUSION
 Though this technique of noise control is not
yet developed in India, it is going to be one of
the important aspects of highway engineering
in near future, as the cities are expanding the
boundaries of the cities are now very close to
highways. In recent years conscious efforts
have been made to reduce the highway
noise. The techniques of quieter asphalt and
concrete pavements should be implemented.
The noise control will help us to achieve the
goal of safe, quiet, durable highways.

23. Ulf Sandberg and Jerzy Ejsmon, Tyre/Road Noise Reference book(2005)
Traffic Noise Model Technical Manual(FHWA-PD-96-010)
Robert Bernhard,An Introduction to Tire/Pavement Noise(SQDH 2005-1)
William M. Hartmann,Signal,Sound and Sensation
Leo Beranek and Istvan Ver, Noise and Vibration Control Engineering
Web-sections
•www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/noise
•www.fhwa.dot.gov/pavement
•www.quietroads.com
•www.dot.ca.gov/hq/env/noise
•www.ncat.us
•www.cptechcenter.org