prevalence of Cigarette smoking among Slemani Medical School students. HuzaifaMD

2.  Introduction
 Material and Methods
 Results
 Conclusion
 Recommendations

3.  Smoking is implicated in a substantial
number of diseases, including
hypertension, cerebrovascular
disease, cardiovascular disease, cancers
of the oral cavity, larynx, lung and
esophagus, chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, and digestive ulcer.

4.  Health Professionals are in an excellent
position that allows them to have a
prominent role on tobacco control.
Tobacco contains nicotine, a highly
addictive drug that makes it difficult for
smokers to kick the habit. Tobacco
products also contain many poisonous
and harmful substances that cause
disease and premature death.

5.  Various studies have been conducted all
over the world to assess the prevalence
of smoking among the health care
providers to plan for the interventional
strategies locally as well as
internationally. There are an estimated
1.1 thousand million smokers
worldwide, approximately one third of
the global population aged 15 years
and over (47% of men and 12% of
women).

6.  Most smokers live in developing countries
(800 million) and the majorities are males
(700 million).
 Although smoking rates have decreased
in developed countries in past
years, there has been a corresponding
increase in smoking rates in developing
countries.

7.  Passive smoking is another issue that has
been much discussed in recent years. It
seems that second-hand smoke does
cause major illnesses. People have a
right to work in a smoke-free
environment. Likewise, young children
should be in houses free of smoke.
Children whose parents smoke in the
home are more likely to develop asthma
and other respiratory problems.

8.  Objectives:
To identify the prevalence and associated
factors of smoking among Slemani Medical
School students.

9.  Subjects:
1st to 6th year medical students at the
Slemani Medical School
 Methods:
cross-sectional study

10.  Statistical analysis:
 The software used for entering and
analyzing the data was SPSS v21.
 Chi-Squared and Fisher’s Exact analyses
run
 if 20.0% or more of data cells in
contingency table had expected count
below 5 Fisher’s exact was used
 p value of less than 0.05 taken as
significant

11. Frequency Percent
Sex
Male 90 57.0 %
Female 67 42.4 %
NR 1 .6 %
Marital Status
Single 147 93.0 %
Married 5 3.2 %
NR 6 3.8 %
Stage
1 25 15.8 %
2 26 16.5 %
3 34 21.5 %
4 26 16.5 %
5 24 15.2 %
6 23 14.6 %
Socio-demographic data

12. Frequency Percent
SES
High (Rich) 20 12.7 %
Moderate 129 81.6 %
Low (Poor) 5 3.2 %
NR 4 2.5 %
Residence
City 131 82.9 %
Countryside 26 16.5 %
NR 1 .6 %
Age
<20 60 38.0%
21-24 88 55.7%
>24 6 3.8%
NR 4 2.5%
Socio-demographic data

13. P value = < 0.001
Are you a smoker?
Total
Yes No
Student
Sex
Male
Count 23 67 90
% 25.6% 74.4% 100.0%
Female
Count 2 65 67
% 3.0% 97.0% 100.0%
Total
Count 25 132 157
% of Total 15.9% 84.1% 100.0%

14. P value = 0.049
Are you a smoker?
Total
Yes No
Student Age
<20
Count 4 56 60
% 6.7% 93.3% 100.0%
21-24
Count 19 69 88
% 21.6% 78.4% 100.0%
>24
Count 1 5 6
% 16.7% 83.3% 100.0%

15. P value = 0.028
Fisher's Exact Test
Are you a smoker?
Total
Yes No
Socioeconomic
Status
High (Rich)
Count 4 16 20
% 20.0% 80.0% 100.0%
Moderate
Count 18 111 129
% 14.0% 86.0% 100.0%
Low (Poor)
Count 3 2 5
% 60.0% 40.0% 100.0%
Total
Count 25 129 154
% of Total 16.2% 83.8% 100.0%

16. P value = < 0.001
Have you ever tried
cigarette smoking, even
one or two puffs? Total
Yes No
Student Sex
Male
Count 51 39 90
% 56.7% 43.3% 100.0%
Female
Count 17 50 67
% 25.4% 74.6% 100.0%
Total
Count 68 89 157
% of Total 43.3% 56.7% 100.0%

17. P value = < 0.001
If one of your best friends offered you
a cigarette, would you smoke it?
Total
Yes No Don't
Know
Student
Sex
Male
Count 30 54 6 90
% 33.3% 60.0% 6.7% 100.0%
Female
Count 4 59 4 67
% 6.0% 88.1% 6.0% 100.0%
Total
Count 34 113 10 157
% of Total 21.7% 72.0% 6.4% 100.0%

18. P value = 0.043
Are you in favor of
banning smoking in
enclosed public places
(such as schools)? Total
Yes No
Student Sex
Male
Count 53 36 89
% 59.6% 40.4% 100.0%
Female
Count 28 37 65
% 43.1% 56.9% 100.0%
Total
Count 81 73 154
% of Total 52.6% 47.4% 100.0%

19. P value = 0.022
Fisher's Exact Test
Where do you smoke most often?
Total
University Home Other
Student Sex
Male
Count 10 2 10 22
% 45.5% 9.1% 45.5% 100.0%
Female
Count 0 2 0 2
% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%
Total Count 10 4 10 24

20. Frequency Percent
Which one is more harmful?
Narghile
Cigarette 17 10.8%
Narghile 111 70.3%
Don't Know 27 17.1%
Over 8000 chemical
compounds are created by
burning a cigarette? false
True 47 29.7%
False 21 13.3%
Don't Know 89 56.3%
Cigarette smoking is the
fastest way to deliver nicotine
to the brain? true
True 100 63.3%
False 15 9.5%
Don't Know 42 26.6%
Knowledge about smoking

21.  Smoking is somewhat highly prevalent
among Slemani Medical School students
(15.8%).
 43.3% of all students have tried cigarette
smoking in their life (even one or two
puffs).
 Small portion of non-smokers would
smoke cigarette if one of their best friend
offered them a cigarette.

22.  Most of the smokers smoke both Narghile
and cigarette.
 Most of the smokers think that if they
keep smoking they may become ill in the
future.
 Half of the smokers tried to quit smoking
but they could not succeed.
 Females smoke at home most often.

23.  Most of the smoker’s family wants them
to quit smoking.
 Examinations increase smoking
frequency.
 Most of the smokers think that they will
quit smoking when they get married.

24.  Knowledge about the hazards of
smoking on the student’s health should
be taught.
 Smoking cigarette should be banned
inside the school to decrease their
smoking frequency.
 Lectures about stress should be given
before starting the examinations since
student’s smoking frequency increases
during examination.

25.  Being more serious in taking the absence in
the class, because most of the students
who do not attend the lecture smoke
outside the class.
 Quitting Buddies program: the likelihood of
following through on health goals increases
with a partner. Quitters should be helped to
connect with each other for support.
 Free cessation counseling based on
motivational interviewing practices should
be provided to students by professional
staff at health services.

26. Smoking Kills
Stop Smoking While You Still CAN!!!