3. Vocabulary Lesson 3
1. Assassinate---Murder
2. Reconstruction---Plans to rebuild
3. Black Codes---Limited the rights of former
slaves
4. Impeach---Bring charges against a public
official
5. Acquit---Find not guilty
4. People to Know
• John Wilkes Booth-Assassinated President
Lincoln
• Andrew Johnson-President after Lincoln
• Blanche K. Bruce-Black Senator from
Mississippi
• Hiram R. Revels- Bruce-Black Senator from
Mississippi
• Jonathan C. Gibbs-Secretary of State in Florida
• Francis L. Cardozo-Secretary of State in South
Carolina
• Joseph C. Corbin-Superintendent of Schools in
Arkansas
6. President Lincoln
• Re-elected in 1864
• Knew that the South would soon
surrender
• Facing the task of rebuilding the South
• Five days after Gen. Lee surrendered,
John Wilkes Booth, an actor,
assassinated President Lincoln at
Ford’s Theater in Washington.
7. The Civil War’s Final Victim
President Lincoln Killed
Assassin John Wilkes
Booth
April 14, 1865
8. Reconstruction
President Lincoln’s Plans
President Johnson’s Plans
• Lincoln had already told
others of his plans to
bring the South back into
the Union.
• The South was not to be
punished for the rebellion.
• The South was to be
rebuilt.
• Similar to Lincoln’s
• Not to punish the South
• Southern states to hold
elections, and when they
passed laws against
slavery, they could rejoin
the Union.
• Most Southern citizens
had to pledge loyalty to
the Union.
11. The Black Codes
• The legislators
started meeting
again in Southern
states, and they
stated passing laws
to limit the rights of
former enslaved
people.
• Not allowed to vote
• Not allowed to travel
freely
• Not allowed to own
certain kinds of
property
• Not allowed to work
at certain jobs
12. Congress Was Angry
• Congress believed
President Johnson’s
plans for
Reconstruction were
too easy on the
South.
• They wanted to
punish the South.
• They put the South
under military rule.
13. Fourteenth Amendment
• It says all people
born in the United
States are citizens
and have the right to
vote.
• To rejoin the Union,
the former Southern
states had to rewrite
their constructions.
15. President Johnson’s
Impeachment
• President Johnson tried to
stop some of Congress’s
plan
• Congress passed limits on
the President’s powers.
• Johnson tried to fire his
Secretary of War, which
Congress had forbidden.
• He was impeached, but
acquitted.
• He stayed in office, but
was a weaken President.
16. New Elections
• Southern states
agreed to Congress’
new plans and held
new elections that
allowed African
Americans to vote.
• Blanche K. Bruce and
Hiram R. Revels were
elected to the Senate
from Mississippi.
• Twenty African
American were
elected to Congress
during
Reconstruction.
18. African Americans Served in
State Government, Too
• Jonathan C. GibbsSecretary of State in
Florida.
• Francis I. CardozoSecretary of State in
South Carolina
• Joseph C. CorbinSuperintendent of
Schools in Arkansas
Joseph C. Corbin
19. Need to Know
• What were the different plans for
Reconstruction?
• What were the Black Codes?
• Why did Congress disagree with President
Johnson’s Reconstruction plans?
• Why was the Fourteenth Amendment written?
• Know the vocabulary for this lesson, and
the list of people involved.
• Be able to summarize the work of African
Americans during Reconstruction.
21. Vocabulary Lesson 4
• 1. Freedmen-----People who had been
enslaved
• 2. Sharecropping-Workers paid in a part
of a crop
• 3. Secret Ballot----No one knows how
someone voted
• 4. Segregation------Keeping groups of
people apart based
on race or culture
22. People to Know
President Rutherford B. Hayes
• In 1877, pulled federal
troops out of the South,
and Reconstruction was
over.
Booker T. Washington
• African American leader
• Worked to provide better
education for former
slaves.
• Founded Tuskegee
Institute in 1881
25. The South’s Economy
Problems
• After the Civil War, the
South’s economy was
ruined.
• The economy affected
both blacks and whites.
• The land was rendered
useless.
• There were no seeds for
a new crop and no one to
work the land.
Solutions
• Congress established the
Freedmen’s Bureau in
1865.
• Gave out food and
supplies
• It mainly set up schools.
• Built more than 4,000
schools.
27. Sharecropping
Ex-Slaves
• Many had to stay on the
plantations where they
had been slaves.
• Many who left as soon as
they were freed, had to
return.
• They had to return to the
labor they did as slaves.
Landowners
• Set up sharecropping, a
system in which the
landowner provided a cabin,
mules, tools, and seed.
• The worked did not pay in
money, but in a share of the
crop when it was raised.
• Even in good times, the
worker shares paid very
little.
29. Reconstruction Ends
Taking Away Voting Rights
Segregation
• Many landowners
organized to regain their
authority.
• They wanted to control
how people voted.
• Many states in 1860’s did
not have a secret ballot.
• Secret societies were
formed to keep African
Americans from voting.
• Birth of the KKK, Ku Klux
Klan
• Used violence against
blacks and anyone who
tried to help former slaves.
• Segregation became the
normal thing.
• Segregation keeps people
in separate groups based
on race or culture.
31. “Jim Crow” Laws
Separated by Segregation
• “Jim Crow” Laws passed
to keep segregation in
place in many states.
• Laws set up a system
that forced the races
apart.
• If someone broke one of
these laws, he/she would
be arrested and
punished.
Separate, But Unequal
32. Need to Know
• Know the challenges the South faced after
the war
• Know the vocabulary and People
• Know about the economy of the South
after the war
• Know about sharecropping
• Know about segregation and “Jim Crow”
Laws
