This document provides a summary of a systems engineering update presentation given to the International Council on Systems Engineering Colorado Front Range Chapter. It discusses: 1) The evolution of systems engineering from early space programs like Sputnik and Mercury through modern programs like the International Space Station. 2) An example case study of the Wake Shield Facility and the systems engineering approaches used in its development. 3) Recent government experience with systems engineering from the Director of Defense Research and Engineering and the Under Secretary of the Air Force. 4) Trends driving needs for systems engineering education and applications of systems engineering beyond aerospace to areas like energy and cybersecurity.

1. Systems Engineering Update
November 21, 2013
Presentation to International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE)
Colorado Front Range Chapter
Dr. Ron Sega
Director, Graduate Programs in Systems Engineering
Colorado State University

2. Overview

Background – Evolution of Systems Engineering

Example: Wake Shield Facility

Recent Government Experience: DDR&E and USecAF

Trends/Needs for Systems Engineering

Certificate of Completion, Master of Engineering (M.E.),
Master of Science (M.S.) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
in Systems Engineering programs at CSU

Applications Beyond Aerospace (e.g. Energy, Cyber, etc.)

Discussion
2

3. Sputnik
October 4, 1957

4. Yuri Gagarin

5. Mercury

6. Gemini

7. Apollo

8. Apollo-Soyuz

9. Discovery

10. STS-60
Space Shuttle Discovery
1994

11. Wake Shield Facility
- “Systems Engineering” Case Study
Objectives:
1. Create and Characterize an Ultra-Vacuum
2. Grow a Thin Film

12. Wake Shield Facility
An Integrated System
Source: J. A. Strozier, M. Sterling, J. A. Schultz, A. Ignatiev, Wake
vacuum measurement and analysis for the wake shield facility free
flying platform, VacuumVolume 64, Issue 2, , 27 November 2001,
Pages 119-144. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW444D2CDR-5/2/b18f908a6d747ac582ca59a9fc99aa5d)

13. Source: http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/gallery/photos/1996/high/KSC-96PC-2961.10.jpg

14. Source: http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/gallery/photos/1995/high/KSC-95PC-0969.jpg

15. Source: http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-60/sts-60-patch.jpg

18. Source: http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/fullimage.jsp?
searchpage=true&keywords=wake&textsearch=Go&hitsperpage=5&pageno=3&photoId=STS060
-74-054

19. Source: http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/shuttle/sts-69/hires/sts069-723-072.jpg

20. Source: http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/fullimage.jsp?
searchpage=true&keywords=wake&textsearch=Go&hitsperpage=5&pageno=2&p
hotoId=STS060-54-018

21. Source:
http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/lucene
web/fullimage.jsp?
searchpage=true&keywords=wake
&textsearch=Go&hitsperpage=5&p
ageno=3&photoId=STS060-57033

22. Source:
http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb
/fullimage.jsp?
searchpage=true&keywords=wake&t
extsearch=Go&hitsperpage=5&page
no=2&photoId=STS060-09-024

23. Source: http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/images/shuttle/sts-69/hires/sts069-732-048.jpg

24. Source: http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/images/shuttle/sts-69/hires/sts069-724-095.jpg

25. Systems Engineering
Large Programs Discussion
Ron Sega
Woodward Professor of Systems Engineering
Colorado State University (CSU)

26. Back-to-Basics and the Block Approach
-“Systems Engineering” Case Study
 Recognition of Systems Engineering Needs in
Complex Systems
– Director of Defense Research and Engineering (20012005)
– Technology Readiness and Systems Assessments
 Implementation of More Disciplined Space Systems
Acquisition Strategy
– Under Secretary of the Air Force (2005-2007) Executive Agent for Space
– Back-to-Basics and the Block Approach
• Applications to Energy and Other Complex Systems

27. Director of Defense Research and Engineering
Department of Defense
 Three Areas of Increased Emphasis
– National Aerospace Initiative
– Surveillance and Knowledge Systems
– Energy and Power Technologies
 Technical Systems Reviews
– Technology Readiness and Assessments
– Task Force support to Systems Development
 Workforce Initiative
– DUSD (Laboratories and Basic Sciences)
– National Defense Education Program (NDEP)

28. National Aerospace Initiative (NAI)
- Reference 2001 Plan
NAI
High Speed
Hypersonics
• Strategic Focus
• Technical Coordination
• Aerospace Workforce
Space Access
Space
Technology
DoD/NASA
TCT/NPR
Space
Commission
Reusable Launch Vehicle
Expendable
(Missiles)
Reusable
[Mach 0 - 12]
Responsive
Payloads
2nd Stage Rocket Engine
Mach<4
4<Mach<15
Long-Range
Strike
[Mach 0-7]
Air-Breathing
1st Stage (TSTO)
[Mach 0 - 12]
Space
Maneuvering
Vehicle
Flexible
Comm
ISR
Space Control
Synergy Goal: 1 + 1 + 1 > 3

29. NASA X-43A
- Successful Flight Test – March 27, 2004
Team Effort
• 808 Engine Ground Tests
• Numerous Unpowered
aerodynamic tests
• 40 Powered vehicle wind tunnel
tests
• Engine Gnd Tests (Mach 4.5–15)
Results Achieved
• Mach 7
• 10 Seconds Powered (Scramjet)
Second Flight Test – Mach 10
29
NASA

30. Hypersonics -- X-51A
- Latest Flight: May 1, 2013 -- Sustained Mach 5.1
Test Flight – May 26, 2010
30

31. Energy & Power Technologies…
- Enabling a More Electric Force
POWER
GENERATION
Fuel Cells & Fuel
Reforming
Novel Power
•
•
•
•
ENERGY
STORAGE
Batteries
Capacitors
FUEL CELL
Electric Warship
s
ed
e
rN
e
ow
P
•
•
Switching &
Conditioning
Power
Transmission &
Distribution
Thermal
Management
Space Based Radar
High Power Microwave
POWER CONTROL
AND DISTRIBUTION
•
More Electric Aircraft
FY02
FY12
New Operational
Capabilities
Electric/Hybrid
Weapons
Warrior
Hybrid/Electric
Combat Vehicle
31

32. Under Secretary of the Air Force
 Space
– Department of Defense Executive Agent for Space
– Back to Basics in Acquisition and the Block Approach
• Systems Engineering
• Workforce
 Research and Development
– Alignment with Needs and Redistribution of Risk
– Stability in Basic Research
 Energy
– “Make Energy a Consideration in All We Do”
– Energy Strategy (Supply and Demand – with Metrics)

33. Back to Basics in Acquisition
Examples:

Four-stage process





System Production
Systems Development
Technology Development
Science & Technology
STP-R1
Streak
XSS11
Reapportion Risk


Lower risk in Production
Higher risk in S&T
GPS-IIR-M
TSAT

34. Acquisition Stages—Block Approach
- GPS III Example
IIIA
System
Production
Systems
Development
Technology
Development
IIIC
Block 2
Block 1
Block 3
Block 4
Cross
Links
Block 2
Spot
Beam
Block 3
Science & Clocks
Technology
Block 4
IIIB
Block 3
Block 4
Block 5
Block 4
Block 5
Block 6
Block 5
Block 6
Block 7

35. Space Test Program-1 Launch

36. Tactical Satellite Experiment-2 (TacSat-2)
Successful Launch,
16 Dec 06
Ground Terminal –
China Lake
Capability:
• Field tasking/data downlink in same pass
• One meter tactical imagery
• Specific emitter ID & geolocation
• Dynamic retasking
• Autonomous tasking/checkout/on-orbit
maintenance, on-board data processing
• Total mission cost w/ launch ~$63M
Notes:
First Image, Pacific Ocean
• First of TACSAT series on-orbit
• Utilized the Minotaur launch vehicle
• Launched from Wallops Island Facility
• Successfully commanded spacecraft
from China Lake ground station

37. Air Force Energy Strategy
- Addressing Supply & Demand
“Make Energy a Consideration in All We Do”

Accelerate development and use of “Alternative” sources




Synthetic Fuel for Aviation
Renewable Energy for Installations
Enhance energy efficiency -- aviation and infrastructure
Promote a culture where Airmen conserve energy
37

38. Examples of Air Force Energy Initiatives in the
United States
Demonstrate H2 Production &
Military Fuel Cell Vehicle
Grand Forks AFB, ND
Synthetic Fuels
Research, Air
Force Research
Lab, WPAFB, OH
Fuel Cell/Electric
Warehouse Tractor
Selfridge ANGB, MI
14MW Photovoltaic
generation, Nellis AFB, NV
B-52 SynFuel Flight
Demo, Edwards AFB, CA
Wind generation farm,
FE Warren AFB, WY
Low Speed
Vehicles
Shaw AFB, SC
122 KW Photovoltaic
project, Luke AFB, AZ
Waste energy
and ice plant,
Dyess AFB, TX
Demonstration Sites
Advanced Power
Technology Office,
Robins AFB, GA
Air Force Energy Office,
Tyndall AFB, FL
Center of Excellence
38

39. Organizational Awards Received by the Air Force
(2005-2007)

Green Power Partner of the Year Award
- Department of Energy (DOE) /
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Climate Protection Award
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award
- United Nations Environmental Programme and
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Presidential Award for Leadership in Federal Energy
Management
- To U.S. Air Force Energy Strategy Senior Focus Group

39

40. Systems Engineering
 Trend toward increasing complexity of systems
– Aerospace, Energy, Environment, Health Care, etc.
 Needs of industry and government
– National Surveys
– Recent Colorado Industry and Government Survey
 Systems Engineering education at CSU
– Undergraduate emphasis on systems approach
– Master of Engineering in Systems Engineering began
Fall 2008
– M.S. and Ph.D. programs in Systems Engineering
initially emphasize Energy Systems

41. Need for Systems Engineers
- October 2009 Report
41

42. Technical Disciplines / Communities
Needed for Secure Energy Solutions

43. STS-76
Space Shuttle Atlantis to Mir
1996

49. International Space Station

50. Concept for an Integrated National
Secure Smart Grid “Test Bed”
•
•
Best Practices
•
Security Models
•
Business Models
•
Benefits
•
Scaling Strategies
•
Policy/Regulatory
Requirements
•
NREL DER Lab
Standards
R&D Opportunities
InteGrid Lab
Own-Operate
Host Partners
Universities and
National Labs
Design-Build
Smart Grid Analytics and Training Center
Tech Partners
50

51. Engines and Energy Conversion Lab

Distribution / Controls Technologies

Integrid Lab (CSU and Spirae)
51

52. The Institute’s Blueprint Rollout Event
- September 30, 2008 in Fort Collins, Colorado
 General James L. Jones, USMC (Ret.),
President and CEO, Institute for 21st
Century Energy, U.S. Chamber of Commerce
 Wayne Allard, U.S. Senator (R-CO)
 Renny Fagan, State Director, Office of U.S.
Senator Ken Salazar (D-CO)
 Robert McGrath, Deputy Laboratory
Director for Science and Technology,
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
 Thomas Gendron, Chairman, CEO and
President, Woodward
 Ron Bills, CEO and Chairman, Envirofit
International
 Doug Henston, CEO, Solix Biofuels, Inc.
 Ron Sega, Woodward Professor of Systems
Engineering (CSU), and Vice President of
Energy, Environment and Applied Research
(CSURF)
Above: Gen. James Jones and Dr. Ron Sega
52

53. Master of Engineering in Systems
Engineering

Customer-driven program




Great survey response
Working professional focus
Aerospace & Energy Sectors
Needs/Relevance Emphasis
for Systems Engr Education


Flexible delivery modes
(in-class, out-of-class,
synchronous and/or
asynchronous)
National experts present
case studies
53

54. On-going Master of Engineering
in Systems Engineering
Core courses:
Foundations of Systems Engineering
 Information Technology and Project Management
 Overview of Systems Engineering Processes
 Engineering Risk Analysis

Select 3 of 7:







Engineering Optimization: Method/Application
Engineering Decision Support/Expert Systems
Simulation Modeling and Experimentation
Software Development Methodology
Dynamics of Complex Engineering Systems
Electrical Power Engineering
Systems Engineering Architecture
Electives:

With advisor approval, any 400 Level or above regular course credits course
consistent with the student’s program of study.
Capstone Course:

Group Study in Systems Engineering
54

55. M.S. and Ph.D. in Systems Engineering
- Initial Emphasis in Energy Systems



Began Fall 2010 – approved for distance delivery 2012
Complimentary to the School of Global Environmental
Sustainability
Optimizing alignment with:






Faculty interests
Global trends/needs
Clean Energy Supercluster strengths in “Energy
Systems”
Collaboratory “Energy Systems” strengths
Government Interests
Industry partner interests
55

56. M.E., M.S. and Ph.D. in Systems Engineering
M.E.
M.S.
Ph.D.
Core Courses (12h)
Choose 5 of 11 (15h)
Choose 7 of 14 (21h)
ENGR/ECE 501
ENGR/ECE 501
ENGR/ECE 501
ENGR/ECE 530
ENGR 510
ENGR 510
ENGR/ECE 531
ENGR 520
ENGR 520
CIS 600
ENGR/ECE 530
ENGR/ECE 530
Choose 3 of 7 (9h)
ENGR/ECE 531
ENGR 510
ENGR/ECE 532
ENGR 520
CIS 610
ENGR/ECE 532
MECH 513
CIS 610
ENGR/ECE 565
MECH 513
ENGR/ECE 566
ENGR/ECE 565
ENGR/ECE 567
Electives (6h)
400-Level or Above
400-Level or Above
Capstone Course (3h)
ENGR 597
ENGR/ECE 531
ENGR/ECE 532
CIS 610
MECH 513
ENGR/ECE 565 – Electrical Power
Engineering
ENGR/ECE 566 – Energy Conversion for
Electrical Power Systems
ENGR/ECE 567
Electives:
Plan A (6h)
-orPlan B (12h)
Thesis (Plan A - 9h)
-orProject (Plan B - 3h)
ENGR/ECE 567 – Systems Engineering
Architecture
ENGR/ECE 568 – Electrical Energy
Generation Systems
ENGR/ECE 621 – Energy Storage for
Electric power Systems
ENGR/ECE 622 – Energy Networks and
Power Distribution Grids
Additional Courses (18h)
Dissertation (33h)
56

57. Systems Engineering
- Enrollment Growth Estimates
*Numbers reflect Admitted & Registered Students (non-admits are not reflected in these numbers)
19.7% increase in enrollment from
Census Fall 2012 (FY 2013) to Spring
2013 Census (66 to 79 enrolled)
Figure 2: Option B Growth Rate – Based on 66 enrolled students
(see Table 2 for %)

58. Systems Engineering
- Enrollment & Enquiry Status November 5, 2013

72 Certificates Granted

Master Degrees


Admitted 57 M.E. (7 on campus, 50 distance)


Conferred 17 M.E., 2 M.S.
Admitted 27 M.S. (6 on campus, 27 distance)
Ph.D. Degree



Admitted 34 Ph.D. (4 on campus, 30 distance)
25“In process” for Spring 2014 (0 have confirmed advisors)
ENGR/ECE 501 Foundations of Systems Engineering

119 enrolled (Fall Semester 2013)

52 On-campus

67 Distance

59. Systems Engineering
- South Metro Denver Initiative

The Systems Engineering program in Denver’s South
Metro Region is part of a new initiative by Colorado
State University and the CSU System to meet the needs
of working professionals and the business community

Flexible, hybrid model of delivery


Onsite instruction and at a distance - synchronously and
asynchronously
The 4 core courses will be offered at a South Metro
Denver site over the Spring and Fall semesters

60. Systems Engineering
- Alternating Course Offerings
Course
Title
CSU-Fort
Collins
South Metro
Denver Site
ENGR 501
Foundations of Systems
Engineering
Fall
Spring
ENGR 530
Overview of Systems
Engineering Processes
Spring
Fall
ENGR 531
Engineering Risk Analysis
Spring
Fall
CIS 600 or
MECH 501
Engineering Project and
Program Management
Fall
Spring

61. Systems Engineering in South Metro Denver
- Initial Course Offerings (Spring 2014)

ENGR 501 “Foundations of Systems Engineering”
Thursday 5:15 - 8 p.m.
 CH2M Hill (9191 South Jamaica Street Englewood, CO
80112-5946)
 January 23, 2014 - May 15, 2014


MECH 501 “Engineering Project & Program Management”
Wednesday 5:15 - 8 p.m.
 CH2M Hill (9191 South Jamaica Street Englewood, CO
80112-5946)
 January 22, 2014 - May 14, 2014


62. Systems Engineering
- Going Forward

Contact Information:







Director: Dr. Ron Sega
Associate Director: Dr. Peter Young
Initial Contact/Advisor: Tara Hancock
sys_engr_info@engr.colostate.edu
970.491.7067
http
://www.online.colostate.edu/degrees/systems-engineering
/
Comments / Questions?

63. Concluding Thoughts
“We owe our current prosperity, security, and good health
to the investments of past generations, and we are obliged
to renew those commitments in education, research, and
innovation policies to ensure that the American people
continue to benefit from the remarkable opportunities
provided by the rapid development of the global economy
and it’s not inconsiderable underpinning in science and
technology.”
Reference: Rising Above The Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing
America for a Brighter Economic Future, National Academy of Sciences, 2005
63

64. Core Program Courses
- 12 Credits

ENGR/ECE 501: Foundations of Systems Engineering
Functional components of systems engineering, application of
systems engineering to practical problems, system life-cycle
process.

ENGR/ECE 531: Engineering Risk Analysis
Estimation and risk identification, development of mitigation
techniques.

ENGR/ECE 530: Overview of Systems Engineering Processes
Systems engineering life-cycle process and analysis techniques.
Reliability and robustness.

CIS 600: Information Technology and Project Management
Strategic role in and management of information technology and
software development projects.

65. Courses In Depth
- Select 9 Credits

ENGR/MATH 510: Engineering Optimization, Method/Application
Optimization methods; linear programming, network flows,
integer programming, interior point methods, quadratic
programming, engineering applications.

ENGR 520: Engineering Decision Support/Expert Systems
Decision support systems for complex engineering problems;
multicriteria decision making and optimization; hybrid
knowledge-based/algorithmic methods.

MECH 513: Simulation Modeling and Experimentation
Logic/analytic modeling in simulations. Event and transient entitybased simulation languages. Simulation design, experimentation
and analysis.

66. Courses In Depth (Cont’d)
- Select 9 Credits

CIS 610: Software Development Methodology
Integrated extended enterprise planning and execution systems
concepts including ERP, CRM, SCM, MRP II, business processes,
front/back office systems.

ENGR/ECE 532: Dynamics of Complex Engineering Systems
Higher-level behavior and issues that emerge from interaction
between components in complex socio-technical systems.

ENGR/ECE 565: Electrical Power Engineering
Analysis of power systems in terms of current, voltage, and
active/reactive power. Introduction of computer-aided tools for
power systems.

ENGR/ECE 567: Systems Engineering Architecture
Observation/classification of systems architecture. Systems
architecture principles and critical evaluation through design
studies.

67. Electives and Group Study

Electives:
Select 6 credits of 400 level or above regular course credits
consistent with the student’s program of study.

ENGR 597: Group Study in Systems Engineering
Capstone study experience in systems engineering.

68. Systems Engineering
- Enrollment Trends
Offered in Spring
Offered in Fall
Offered in Fall & Spring
*CIS 600 ½ of total
CIS 610 ½ of total

69. Systems Engineering
- Class Enrollment Fall 2013
69

70. Systems Engineering: Smart Grid Systems
Systems Engineering:

Complexity

Security

Reliability

Efficiency

Design

Management

71. Systems Engineering
- Fields of Interest for PhD Students
Energy
5%
“Other” Includes:
- Medical/Healthcare
- UAS/Flight Operations
- Civil Engineering

72. M.E., M.S. and Ph.D. in Systems Engineering
- Need for the Program

2007 Industry survey – almost 700 responses (vast majority
positive) within a month

Woodward pledged $1 million to support a systems
engineering endowed professorship at CSU

Flexible delivery system attractive to traditional students
and working professionals

CNNMoney ranks Systems Engineer as the #1 Best Job in
America, in part because “Demand is soaring for systems
engineers”

Projected total enrollment of 48 students within 5 years
72