Master Degree Lecture concerning the underground space. Why we have to care about the underground space ? What are the challenges ? How the Smart Technology could help to meet these challenges ?

1. International Master Degree «Urban Engineering and Habitat »
Course “Urban Soils and natural disasters”
Scholar year 2016-2017
Smart Underground Space
Professor Isam Shahrour
Isam.shahrour@univ-lille1.fr

2. • Role of the Underground Space
• Challenges of the Underground Space
• Smart City Concept
• Smart Underground Space
Outline

3. Underground Space has a vital role in urban areas
It hosts
Urban Utilities
Transport
Infrastructures

4. Underground Space has a vital role in urban areas
It hosts
Water and
Energy facilities
Commercial and
activities Centers

5. • Role of the Underground Space
• Challenges of the Underground Space
• Smart City Concept
• Smart Underground Space
Outline

6. Lifecycle management should be developed for major
civil engineering projects.
1) Lifecycle management
The use of the underground space requires heavy and high-
cost infrastructures and facilities, which have to be
managed using lifecycle approach

7. 1) Lifecycle management
Planning Design Construction Exploitation
how to ensure data and information transmission between
stakeholders all over the lifecycle ?
4 major and complex stages for the use of the underground space

8. 1) Lifecycle approach
Each stage is based on data and generates new data
Planning Design Construction Exploitation
• Urban environment
• Subsoil (preliminary studies and
investigations)

9. 1) Lifecycle approach
Each stage is based on data and generates new data
Planning Design Construction Exploitation
• Urban environment
• Subsoil (preliminary studies and
investigations)
• Advanced soil exploration (geophysics, field
exploration, laboratory tests, hydraulic)
• Output (AutoCad, BIM, plans, charts,..)

10. 1) Lifecycle approach
Each stage is based on data and generates new data
Planning Design Construction Exploitation
• Urban environment
• Subsoil (preliminary studies and
investigations)
• Data from soil excavation
• Specific soil exploration
• Soil treatment
• Soil and Structure movement
• Hydraulic parameters
• Advanced soil exploration (geophysics, field
exploration, laboratory tests, hydraulic)
• Output (AutoCad, BIM, plans, charts,..)

11. 1) Lifecycle approach
Each stage is based on data and generates new data
Planning Design Construction Exploitation
• Urban environment
• Subsoil (preliminary studies and
investigations)
• Data from soil excavation
• Specific soil exploration
• Soil treatment
• Soil and Structure movement
• Hydraulic parameters
• Exploitation data
• Energy, water, air quality
• Safety
• Maintenance
• Surveillance
• Advanced soil exploration (geophysics, field
exploration, laboratory tests, hydraulic)
• Output (AutoCad, BIM, plans, charts,..)

12. 1) Lifecycle approach
Questions :
• How can we conserve, manage and use the data all over the
lifecycle of the underground facility ?
• Which tools should we develop for data analysis and visualization ?
• How the GIS and BIM technologies could help ?
• How we can combine these technologies ?
The first part of the Smart Underground Space
Development of integrated information system for the
underground space projectq

13. This role was confirmed by the report «Underground
Engineering for Sustainable Urban Development » of:
• Committee on Underground Engineering for Sustainable
Development,
• Committee on Geological and Geotechnical Engineering,
• Board on Earth Sciences and Resources Division on Earth and
Life Studies National Research Council
2) Sustainability – Environment
Integrated eco- friendly strategy for underground facilities ?

14. Underground Space has also a major environmental role
store energy and water
energy source
Reduces traffic jams
reduces energy
consumption and
greenhouse gas emission
Reduces pressure on
land use; increases green
areas
Environmental
role

15. Planning Design Construction Exploitation
• Eco Urban planning
• Eco Geo- environmental
2) Sustainability – Environment
Integrated eco- friendly strategy for underground facilities ?

16. Planning Design Construction Exploitation
• Urban planning
• Geo- environmental
• Construction process –
• Excavated soil re-use
• Impact on the subsoil and water
• Energy and water consumption
2) Sustainability – Environment
Integrated eco- friendly strategy for underground facilities ?

17. Planning Design Construction Exploitation
• Urban planning
• Geo- environmental
• Use of green technology
• Reduction of water and energy
consumption
• Prevention of soil, water and air
pollution
• Treatment of excavated soil
• Construction process
• Excavated soil re-use
• Impact on the subsoil and water
• Energy and water consumption
2) Sustainability – Environment
Integrated eco- friendly strategy for underground facilities ?

18. Preliminary
studies
Design Construction Exploitation
• Urban planning
• Geo- environmental
• Use of green technology
• Reduction of water and energy
consumption
• Prevention of soil, water and air
pollution
• Treatment of excavated soil
• Reduction of Energy and Water
Consumption
• Air Quality
• Local Energy production
• Construction process
• Excavated soil re-use
• Impact on the subsoil and water
• Energy and water consumption
2) Sustainability – Environment
Integrated eco- friendly strategy for underground facilities ?

19. Questions :
• How we can develop an integrated sustainability approach ?
• How we can promote the use of this approach ?
• What are the sustainability indicators for each phase ?
• How we can determine and use these indicators ?
2) Sustainability – Environment

20. Safety in the underground space is more critical than in the
surface space, because of the access restriction.
Accidents could occur during the construction or exploitation
stages.
It concerns:
• Structural instability,
• water infiltration,
• Fire,
• Electrical outage,
• Air contamination
• Accidents
3) Resiliency, safety and risk management

21. 3) Resiliency, safety and risk management
In some cases, an accident such as flood or fire could lead
very quickly to serious damages to other systems of the
underground space

22. Preliminary
studies
Design Construction Exploitation
• Identification of the safety
challenges (Indicators)
• Integration of safety and
resilience
3) Resiliency, Safety and risk management
Integrated strategy for underground resiliency, safety and risk
management?

23. Preliminary
studies
Design Construction Exploitation
• Identification of the safety
challenges (Indicators)
• Integration of safety and
resilience
• Identification of the safety and
resilience challenges (Indicators)
• Integration of the Smart
Technology in the safety issue …
Real-time supervision and
équipement control
3) Resiliency, Safety and risk management
Integrated strategy for underground resiliency, safety and risk
management?

24. Preliminary
studies
Design Construction Exploitation
• Identification of the safety
challenges (Indicators)
• Integration of safety and
resilience
• Identification of the safety and
resilience challenges (Indicators)
• Monitoring of the soil-structure
movement and hydraulic parameters
• Interpretation of the excavation
parameters
• Use of historical and real – time data
for safe and optimal management of
the excavation process.
• Identification of the safety and
resilience challenges (Indicators)
• Integration of the Smart
Technology in the safety issue …
Real-time supervision and
équipement control
3) Resiliency, Safety and risk management
Integrated strategy for underground resiliency, safety and risk
management?

25. Preliminary
studies
Design Construction Exploitation
• Identification of the safety
challenges (Indicators)
• Integration of safety and
resilience
• Identification of the safety and
resilience challenges (Indicators)
• Monitoring of the soil-structure
movement and hydraulic parameters
• Interpretation of the excavation
parameters
• Use of historical and real – time data
for safe and optimal management of
the excavation process.
• Identification of the safety and
resilience challenges (Indicators)
• Real-time Monitoring of the space
and equipment
• Real-time control of the
equipment
• Decision based on real-time and
historical data
• Identification of the safety and
resilience challenges (Indicators)
• Integration of the Smart
Technology in the safety issue …
Real-time supervision and
équipement control
3) Resiliency, Safety and risk management
Integrated strategy for underground resiliency, safety and risk
management?

26. Questions :
• How to develop an integrated safety and resiliency approach?
• How the Smart Technology could help in the implementation of this
strategy ?
• How to implement the Smart Technology in real case ?
3) Resiliency, Safety and risk management

27. To meet the challenges of the underground space, we
innovative solutions
Smart Solution:
An inclusive system with advanced tools for data collection, storage,
analysis, share and visualization
Analysis of real-time and historical data enhances the optimal and
safe management of the underground space.

28. • Role of the Underground Space
• Challenges of the Underground Space
• Smart City Concept
• Smart Underground Space
Outline

29. Internet
Social network
Smart City concept is based on
Digital Technology

30. Measure
Store
Analyze
Data transfer
operate actions
Each « Thing »
• Identified
• Geo-located
Digital Technology: Internet of things

31. Smart Sensors

32. Real-time
Use of digital technology in infrastructure monitoring
See
Analyze
Understand
Improve

33. System performances
System Security
Users involvement
Resiliency
The Digital
Technology
allows to
improve

34. • Role of the Underground Space
• Challenges of the Underground Space
• Smart City Concept
• Smart Underground Space
Outline

35. Smart City PlatformInformation
Sytem
Asset Data (GIS)
Analytics
Wb servor
communication
• Users
• Management staff
• Technical staff
• Academic Staff
• Public
Data transfert:
• Wired
• Wireless
Monitoring
• Buildings
• Water Network
• Energy network
• Others
Sensors data
Users
Alert
Information
Users data
Open data
• Weather
• Traffic
• Emergency
Open data
Architecture of the Smart System

36. Information system (IS)
Asset data :
Soils, structural elements;
adjacent buildings;
Electrical, mechanical
equipment; maintenance
information
Soil and structure movement
water flow and pressure
Information on operating
equipment and devices
(electrical grid, ventilation,
access control, air quality and
fire equipment)
Useful information: traffic,
weather, urban activities and
events (sport, spectacles...),
density of users
Information
System

37. Data management
Data management could use professional tools such as:
• Geographic Information System (GIS)
• Building Information Modelling (BIM).
• Civil Information Modelling (CIM)

38. Implementation of the Smart system
Designation of a Smart System Team with multidisciplinary skills
Smart System
Team
Digital
technology
Data mining
and analysis
Civil -
geotechnical
engineering
Mechanical
and electrical
engineering,
Security
and
emergency
Management

39. Implementation of the Smart system
The SST should work with all services in order to understand their
mission, data required and generated, its use and interaction with other
services.
The governance of the Smart System Team (SST) should be effective over
all issues concerning the management and safety of the underground space.

40. Smart System Team Mission
Integrate existing data and
associated tools in the Smart
System Platform.
Establish with all services the smart
monitoring program and the
acquisition of related data
Set the data access rights and
share with other services.
Share with services available tools
(data analysis, data mining,
engineering analytics and
visualization tools)
Training

41. Implementation of the Smart system
The SST should establish clearly for each data a key actor (service) as
well as the associated actors (services).
The key actor is responsible for the data acquisition, verification and
integration as well as its share with other services.

42. Implementation of the Smart system
Each service should:
• Dress up process tools and tools for the use of data for safety and optimal
management.
• Establish alerts and security measurement in case of any incident.
• Share with other services any abnormal event and as well as strategies
for the optimal management of the underground space.

43. Planning Design Construction Exploitation
• Identification of parameters to be
followed and controlled
• Design of the monitoring system
• Design of the Information System
• Design of the control system
• Construction of the Smart Platform
(GIS, BIM, CIM,…)
Smart System for underground space
Work to conduct at each step

44. Planning Design Construction Exploitation
• Data collection and transfer to
the Information system
• Use of Data for the control of
the excavation process and
environment
• Performance analysis
• Share of information
• Identification of parameters to be
followed and controlled
• Design of the monitoring system
• Design of the Information System
• Design of the control system
• Construction of the Smart Platform
(GIS, BIM, CIM,…)
Smart System for underground space
Work to conduct at each step

45. Planning Design Construction Exploitation
• Data collection and transfer to
the Information system
• Use of Data for the control of
the excavation process and
environment
• Performance analysis
• Share of information
• Data collection and transfer to the IS
• Use of Data for the control of the
equipment, devices, environment
• Performance analysis
• Share of Data
• Users information
• Identification of parameters to be
followed and controlled
• Design of the monitoring system
• Design of the Information System
• Design of the control system
• Construction of the Smart Platform
(GIS, BIM, CIM,…)
Smart System for underground space
Work to conduct at each step

46. 1) Information system
Asset data :
• Soils, structural
elements;
• adjacent
buildings;
• Electrical,
mechanical
equipment;
• maintenance
information
Dynamic data
• Soil and
structure
movement
• water flow
and pressure
Other
information:
• Traffic,
• weather,
• Urban
activities
• Users
Operating Data
• Electrical grid,
• ventilation,
• access control,
• air quality
• fire equipment
• Water
Data management
Data management could use professional tools such as:
• Geographic Information System (GIS)
• Building Information Modelling (BIM).
• Civil Information Modelling (CIM)

47. Smart system for the construction stage
Challenges :
• Construction in hazardous soils
• Necessity to control the soil movement and deformations
• Obligation to ensure the continuity of public services such as transport,
water and energy supply and access to public and private spaces.
These challenges led to the development of innovative technology:
• Shield tunneling, micro-tunneling and soil improvement
• Observational method, that uses monitoring to adapt the construction
process to the soil response.
• Early-warning decision support system of the underground construction
using the Information Technology

48. Exploitation stage
A comprehensive system for an integrated monitoring and control of :
Electrical system
electrical grid,
substations, transformers,
lighting and generators)
Ventilation system:
Air treatment, air quality
control, pumping
equipment and air
distribution system
Heating/cooling system,
which is generally
associated to the
ventilation system
Fire protection system.
Access control and
surveillance system
Water system
drinking water, storm
water and sanitation

49. Smart System for the safety
According to the type of the incident, the system should:
• Ensure data and information transmission to services and authorities
concerned by the incident.
• Take appropriate actions through control devices and equipment
(switches, valves, pumps,…) to confine the incident and ensure
immediate emergency measurements.
• Use data collected during the incident to enhance the underground
space resiliency.

50. Conclusion
The underground space has a major economic, social and environmental role
Smart City concept allows development of a comprehensive system that uses
digital technology and data throughout the underground space life for
optimal and safe management of this space.
Lifecycle management and safety require advanced monitoring and control
systems for the soil, structural elements, mechanical, electrical and security
equipment.

51. THANK YOU