Lesson #3 imperalism

1. Imperialism

2. 1. The Industrial Revolution led to a new round
of imperialism by the world’s major
industrial powers.
a. The tremendous growth of industry promoted
a greater demand for raw materials to be used
in manufacturing.
b. Improved transportation made it possible for
these materials to be shipped from greater
distances.

3. White Mans Burden
1. European colonizers believed they had an economic
and social right to take over as many lands as
possible for the glory and wealth of their nations.
a. Europeans also believed that it was their duty to
educate the uneducated.
2. Those who were colonized, however, often saw the
European control of wealth and society as a
destructive force, one that devalued their own
economic and social traditions.

4. The Exploitation of African Resources
1. Europeans discovered that Africa had large deposits
of valuable resources.
a. Oil, coal, iron ore, copper, gold and diamonds.
2. Britain, France, Germany, Spain, Belgium, and
Portugal all raced to est. colonies in Africa.
a. These colonies meant economic power, they also
meant prestige and political power for the countries
holding them.

5. 3. In 1885, the European powers divided Africa among
themselves without consulting the African people.
a. Native Africans suffered displacement as well as tribal
conflict from being grouped together with tribes with
which they had little in common.
3. Colonial Rule of Africa brought wealth and power to
Western Nations, it devastated traditional ways of
life in Africa.
a. European languages, customs, dress, and religion
were seen as civilizing forces to be applied to native
Africans.

6. Revolution and Reform in China
1. During the 1800s China became a site of economic
competition between; Britain, France, Germany,
Japan, and Russia.
2. Each established spheres of influence, in which they
had exclusive right to invest in mines, railroads, and
factories.
3. The United States developed the Open Door Policy.
a. The open door policy was supposed to keep China
from being colonized.
b. It worked, but China was clearly dominated by
foreign countries.

7. Rebellion in China
1. Taiping Rebellion- Disagreements among the
Chinese over how to deal with foreign influence and
the ancient political system led to further instability.
a. Million of Chinese died as a result of the Rebellion.
b. Resulted in political reforms, but the reforms didn’t
help much. Wars and instability remained a basic fact
of Chinese life.

8. 2. A feeling of nationalism began to unite the Chinese
people against outsiders.
3. In 1900 Boxer Rebellion targeted Europeans and
Americans for death.
a. It took an army made up of soldiers from 8 countries,
including the U.S., to crush the Boxers.
b. After the Boxer Rebellion China’s rulers tried to
reform and modernize the Chinese government one
last time.

9. 4. In 1905 China formed a United League.
a. The goal of the league included throwing out
foreigners, replacing the old rulers with a democratic
government, and improving the lives of common
Chinese citizens.
4. Oct. 1911, Chinese troops sympathetic to the United
League stages a revolt.
a. Sun Yixian was elected president of the Republic of
China.
b. The last emperor of China was a six-year-old boy
named Pu Yi.

10. The Modernization of Japan
1. For hundreds of years, Japan isolated itself from the
rest of the world.
2. Japan was ruled by shoguns of the Tokugawa clan.
a. Tokugawa shogunate was a feudal system, in which
each shogun distributed land to other lords in
exchange for political loyalty and military support.
b. Shoguns kept foreign visitors isolated, refused most
cultural change, and allowed very little technology.

11. 3. Commodore Matthew Perry and the U.S. Navy
arrived in 1853 and intimidated the shogun enough
to open trade between the two nations.
a. Perry’s steam-powered ships, which the Japanese had
never seen before, and the advanced weapons these
ships displayed, made Japan fear that it would be
colonized by Western nations.
3. Many Japanese were angry because of the deals
made between the shogunate and U.S.
a. They felt that the U.S. had too much control over
Japanese commerce.

12. 5. In 1867 nobles forced the shogun to resign and
returned the emperor to power in the Meiji
Restoration.
a. Leaders of the Meiji Restoration quickly developed
plans to industrialize their nation, learn Western
ways, and build a military to defend Japan against
Western powers.
i. Sent Japanese scholars to Western nations, founded
Universities.
ii. Connected the nation with the telegraph and Railroad.
iii. Est. National postal system.
5. Within 50 years, Japan was completely transformed
into an industrialized nation that no longer feared
imperialistic powers.