Presented to the Phoenix Landing group in 2012, this talk covers the background and challenges to creating regulations for avian welfare under the Animal Welfare Act.
1. Federal Regulations and
Avian Welfare
Jeleen Briscoe,VMD, DABVP (Avian)
USDA APHIS Animal Care Program
Johanna.Briscoe@aphis.usda.gov @JeleenVMD
Phoenix Landing November 2012
2. United States Department of Agriculture
Secretary of Agriculture
Marketing and Regulatory
Programs
Agricultural Marketing Service
Animal and Plant Health
Inspection Service
Grain Inspection, Packers,
and Stockyards Administration
Biotechnology Regulatory
Services
International Services
Plant Protection and
Quarantine
Veterinary Services
Wildlife Services
Animal Care
38. Definition of Animal
Pre Farm Bill 2002
Live or dead dog, cat, monkey, guinea pig,
hamster, rabbit, or such other warmblooded animal...but such term excludes
(1) birds, rats of the genus Rattus and
mice of the genus Mus bred for use in
research...
40. Slice of History
1989: Remove the exclusion Petition (ALDF & HSUS)
1999: Remove the exclusion LAWsuit (ARDF, IVI)
2000: USDA settled Suit
2000-2002: lobbying against exception (NABR)
2000: Farm Bill amendment (“Helms Amendment”)
41. “Approval of this
amendment will make sure
that none of the important
work taking place in the
medical research community
will be delayed, made more
expensive, or be otherwise
compromised by regulatory
shenanigans on the part of
the U.S. Department of
Agriculture.”
42. The Farm Bill 2002
THE COMMAS
BEFORE: excludes (1) birds, rats of the
genus Rattus and mice of the genus Mus
bred for use in research
AFTER: excludes (1) birds, rats of the genus
Rattus, and mice of the genus Mus, bred for
use in research...
44. The General Life Cycle of an Issue
Politicians
Publicity
Exposure and
who is
involved
Public
Media
Fringe
Phase
Scientists
Academia
Interest
Groups
Emergence
Best opportunity to Save Resources
Trigger
Event
Crisis/Public
Positioning
Anticipatory
Resolution
Crisis
Time
Source: Corporate Environmental Strategy, Autumn, 1997
Courtesy of Don Butler
Deborah Anderson, Procter & Gamble
45. The General Life Cycle of an Issue
Politicians
Publicity
Exposure and
who is
involved
Public
Media
Fringe
Phase
Scientists
Academia
Interest
Groups
Emergence
Best opportunity to Save Resources
Trigger
Event
Crisis/Public
Positioning
Anticipatory
Resolution
Crisis
Time
Source: Corporate Environmental Strategy, Autumn, 1997
Courtesy of Don Butler
Deborah Anderson, Procter & Gamble
46.
47.
48. How does our “System” respond?
Hurricane Katrina
The PETS Act
“The dog was taken away from this little boy, and to watch his
face was a singularly revealing and tragic experience. This
legislation was born at that moment.”
-- Rep Tom Lantos (D-CA)
50. Animal Welfare Act
Animal: “...birds, rats of the genus
Rattus, mice of the genus Mus, not bred
for use in research”
51. notice of proposed rulemaking
2004
BirDs, Rats, Mice
Number and size of entities?
Types of species?
Facilities and operations?
ID, diet, sanitation, housing?
Transportation?
Biosafety?
Exemptions?
54. Subpart B §3.29 Feeding
Guinea Pigs and Hamsters
(a) ...The food shall be free from contamination,
wholesome, palatable, and of sufficient quantity and
nutritive value to meet the normal daily requirements
for the condition and size of the guinea pig or
hamster.
56. §3.6 Primary enclosures
Dogs and Cats
(a)(2)(xi) Provide sufficient space to allow each dog
and cat to turn around freely, to stand, sit, and lie in
a comfortable, normal position, and to walk in a
normal manner
58. §2.131 Handling of animals
(c)(1) During public exhibition, any animal must be handled
so there is minimal risk of harm to the animal and to the
public, with sufficient distance and/or barriers between the
animal and the general viewing public so as to assure the
safety of animals and the public.
59. Subpart D Nonhuman Primates
§3.81 Environmental enhancement
to promote psychological well-being
(b) Environmental enrichment. The physical
environment in the primary enclosures must
be enriched by providing means of
expressing noninjurious species-typical
activities. Species differences should be
considered when determining the type or
methods of enrichment.
60.
61.
62. Subpart D Attending Veterinarian
and Adequate Veterinary Care
(a) Each dealer or exhibitor shall have an attending
veterinarian who shall provide adequate veterinary
care to its animals in compliance with this section.
(1) Formal arrangement
(2) Ensure veterinarian has appropriate authority
(b) Veterinary program should include:
(1) Appropriate facilities and personnel
(2) Appropriate methods
(3) Daily observation
(4) Adequate guidance to personnel
(5) Adequate pre- and post-procedural care
73. Veterinarians
Feeding
Basic Care
Signs of Illness
Feather Loss
Health Examination
Chlamydiosis
When Should I Take
My Bird to a Vet?
Injury Prevention &
Emergency Care
Behavior