2. To navigate this part of the site, click on the
title of each page or action buttons if any are
present.

3. Click to Go back to First Page
Chapter 11
Vocabulary
Life During
the
Industrial Revolution
New
Transportation
Methods
Causes of
Industrial
Revolution
The Lowell
Factories
Henry Clay’s
American System
Effects of
the
Industrial Revolution
Inventors
and Their
Inventions
The Erie
Canal

4. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Industrial Revolution
Spinning jenny
Capital
Capitalist
Factory system
Interchangeable parts
Lowell girl
Urbanization
9. Era of Good Feelings
10. Sectionalism
11. American system
12. Internal improvements
13. Interstate commerce
14. Clermont
15. Erie Canal
16. National Road

5. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
A long slow process that changed the way goods
were made.

6. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
A machine invented by James Hargreaves in
1764 that could spin several threads at once.

7. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
Another name for money.

8. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
Is a person who invests in a business in
order to make a profit.

9. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
Brought workers and machinery
together in one place to produce goods.

10. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
Identical, machine-made parts for a tool
or instrument.

11. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
Young women who worked in the Lowell
Mills in Massachusetts during the
Industrial Revolution.

12. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
Process of a population shifting from
farms to cities.

13. Click on title to return to vocabulary list
First federally funded national road project,
begun in 1811.
National Road

14. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
A steamboat built in 1807 by Robert Fulton. First
steamboat to be commercially successful in
American waters.

15. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
Artificial waterway opened in 1825 linking
Lake Erie to the Hudson River.

16. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
The eight years of James Monroe’s presidency, from
1817 to 1825, when the Democratic Republicans
dominated the nation’s politics.

17. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
Loyalty to a state or section rather than
to the whole country.

18. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
• Program for economic growth promoted by
Henry Clay in the early 1800s.
• Called for high tariffs on imports and
federal funds to improve transportation.

19. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
• Improvements to roads, bridges, and canals.

20. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
Trade between states.

21. Click on title to return to main menu
• The Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain
in the mid 1700s when British inventors
developed new machines in clothing (textiles)
factories.
• James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny in
1764, which allowed a machine to spin several
threads at once.

22. Click on title to return to chapter 12 vocabulary list
• Then a new system of producing goods was
created called the factory system, which
allowed workers and machines to be housed
in one building to produce a good.
• Before this method was used, production
was done in the home.

23. • Slater brought the secret of the Factory system over from
Great Britain in 1789.
• Great Britain passed a law forbidding anyone from taking
plans of the factory system out of Great Britain, so Slater
simply memorized the plans and left for the Americas to
build a factory of his own.
• In 1793, he built the first textile (clothing) factory in
Pawtucket, Rhode Island.

24. • The War of 1812 also led to Industrialization in the United
States because during the War with Great Britain trading
stopped between the two countries.
• The United States needed to replace the goods we used to
buy from Great Britain before the war and to also produce
items needed for War. Thus, factories were produced to
solve this problem.

25. Click to return to main menu.
Effects of
the
Industrial
Revolution
Urbanization
Of Cities
New Hazards
in Cities
New Attractions

26. •
•
•
•
The movement of people from farms to cities.
In 1800 most Americans lived in rural, or country areas.
During the Industrial Revolution that changed.
New Farming equipment replaced manual labor and people
started to move to cities for jobs where there was factories.

27. The growth of cities caused problems.
1. Poor sanitation.
2. No sewers. Waste was thrown onto the streets
3. Crime
4. Disease from poor sanitation conditions
5. Poor housing conditions.

28. New forms of entertainment began in cities
to attract people.
1. Museums
2. Theaters
3. stores

29. Life During
The
Industrial
Revolution
Child Labor
Long Hours
Changes in
Home Life

30. • Children as young as seven worked both in the factories
and on farms.
• They were paid less than women or men.
• Children called doffers worked in factories changing
equipment on machines when needed.
• This was very dangerous and many children were serious
hurt on the job.

31. Workers in factories worked as many as 12
hours a Day, six days a week.

32. • The Industrial Revolution led to more family members
going to work.
• Women in poorer families often went to work at factories
to help support the family.
• The same with children.

33. The Lowell
Factories
Location
Description

34. • Factory was located in Lowell,
Massachusetts.
• Town was named after it’s founder, Francis
Cabot Lowell.

35. • The Lowell Mills were an entire town that had more than
10,000 workers.
• Most were young girls called “Lowell Girls”.
• They were hired for a few years and given room and
board.

36. Inventors and
Famous
Inventions
(Click on Pictures)

37. • Invented the Spinning Jenny in 1764.
• This machine could spin several threads of
cloth at once.

38. • Built a loom powered by water in 1780.
• This water loom could spin even more cloth
than the spinning jenny.

39. • Brought the factory system to America in 1789 and built
the first factory in the United States in 1793.
• Now workers and equipment could be placed under one
roof to produce goods faster and cheaper than ever before.

40. • Eli Whitney came up with two inventions.
• They were Interchangeable Parts and the
Cotton Gin.

41. • Interchangeable parts are identical, machine-made parts for
a tool or instrument.
• Eli Whitney used this concept to make muskets for the
army. Before interchangeable parts, individual gunsmiths
would make the parts for muskets. If the part broke it was
very difficult to replace, because the parts were handmade.
• Now the parts could be replaced quickly because all parts
for guns could be made identically.
• This concept was soon adapted by manufacturers for all
sorts of other goods.

42. • Invented in 1793, the cotton gin could clean
the seeds from cotton faster than by hand.
• This led to a boom in cotton production in
the south, which became known as the
Cotton Kingdom.

43. Invented a light weight steel plow in 1825.

44. • Invented the telegraph in 1844.
• Soon news could be sent across the country
using Morse code.

45. • Invented the first successful steamboat line in 1807.
• His ship the Clermont sailed from New York City to
Albany and back in 62 hours. A record at that time.
• Goods could know be moved quicker and cheaper than
ever before.

46. • In the Early 1800s, new transportation methods
were being developed that could get goods and
people to distant places faster and cheaper than
ever before.
New
Transportation
Methods
Steamboat
Canals
Railroads
Roads

47. •
Invented the first successful
steamboat line in 1807.
•
His ship the Clermont sailed
from New York City to
Albany and back in 62 hours.
A record at that time.
•
Goods could know be moved
quicker and cheaper than
ever before

48. • Man made waterways
were constructed all
over the Northeast to
get goods to west and
east.
• One canal that was
built between the
years 1817-1825 was
the Erie Canal.

49. •
Improved roads were being built
to link the east and west.
•
That way farmers good send
there crops to the east to be sold
and manufacturers could send
their goods to the west, too.
The first national road was
completed in 1818 and linked
Cumberland, Maryland to
Wheeling, western Virginia.
•

50. • Railroads would
eventually replace the
canal.
• By 1869 the first
transcontinental
railroad was
completed connecting
the Atlantic Coast to
the Pacific Coast.

51. • Henry Clay of Kentucky was responsible for this new push
in transportation lines.
• His Plan as called the American System and his idea was to
improve the infrastructure of the United States so Northern
States good send their manufactured goods to farmers in
the West and South. In addition, the farmers in the West
and South could send their crops north to be sold.
• Thus, a trade network would be established that would
benefit the entire nation.

52. • Built between the years
1817-1825.
• Linked Buffalo to Albany,
New York.
• Provided a faster means of
transportation for farmers
in Western New York to
get crops and livestock to
Albany and then to New
York City via steamboats
on the Hudson River.

53. • The cities of Rome,
Utica and Syracuse
soon emerged along
the route of the canal.

54. • Built between the years
1817-1825.
• Linked Buffalo to Albany,
New York.
• Provided a faster means of
transportation for farmers
in Western New York to
get crops and livestock to
Albany and then to New
York City via steamboats
on the Hudson River.

55. • The cities of Rome,
Utica and Syracuse
soon emerged along
the route of the canal.