welcome to the world of nano

2. Definition:
Any technology that is
based on a scale of nanometers
(billionths of meters); any
technology that is based on the
placement or manipulation of
single atom.

3. Simply stated, it is
the world of the
very small things,
such as molecules
and atoms.

4. “…our machines are evolving faster than we
are. Within a few decades they seem
likely to surpass us. Unless we learn to
live with them in safety, our future will
likely be both exciting and short.”
Eric Drexler “Engines of Creation: The
Coming Era of Nanotechnology.” 1986

5. Nanotechnology Company Locations

6. Types of Nanotechnology
Businesses

8. How many people work in Nanotechnology?
In the U.S., an estimated 2 million people work
with nanometer-diameter particles on a regular
basis in development , production and use of
nanomaterials or products.
[BLS, 2000]

9. The “Milli” world
Millimeter – the width of the
head of a pin
How small is “Nano”?
It is REALLY small.
The “Macro” WorldThe “Macro” World
Think of a child 5 feet tall
which is about 1.5 meters.
5 feet = 1.5 meters
1.5 millimeters
To get to the Milliworld divide 1 meter by 1,000 ÷ 1,000

10. The “Micro” WorldThe “Micro” World
Micrometer - the diameter of
microchips and red blood cells
How small is “Nano”?
Extremely tiny.
The “Nano” worldThe “Nano” world
Nanometer – the diameter of
atoms and molecules

11. Nano World !
A picture of the nano world
Using the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), electron formations can be
viewed. Above, electrons are surrounded by 48 iron atoms, individually positioned
with the same STM used to image them. The image was created and colorized at
the IBM Almaden research laboratory in California
We have already divided 1 meter 1 billion1 billion times to get to the Nano World

12. Advantages of
Nanotechnology

13. Commercial Applications
of Nanotech
Nanotechnologies are gaining
in commercial applications.
Nanoscale materials are
currently being used in:
- electronic,
- magnetic and optoelectronic,
- biomedical,
- pharmaceutical,
- cosmetic,
- energy,
- catalytic and
- materials applications.

15. Mission Complexity
2002 2010 2015
Nanoelectronics and Computing Roadmap
Impact on Space Transportation, Space Science and Earth Science
CNT Devices
storage
Biomimetic,
radiation resistant
molecular computing
Compute Capacity
RLV
Biological Molecules
2005
hν
e-
Sensor Web
Robot Colony
Nano-electronic
components
Europa Sub
Ultra high density

16. Nano Products

17. Fullerene 60 reinforced
carbon fiber
Nano-titanium strengthened titanium Nanocarbon composite
Nanoclay barrier
Radar golf
CNT composite CNT reinforced carbon fiber
5
Nanocarbon composite

18. Fullerene as sponge for
radicals (skin cosmetics)
Nanoparticle collamin Skin moisturizing withSkin lift with nano silica
skin care Nano ZnO sunblock nano-encapsulated Alp waterand proteins
Nanofibers to increase
Nanoceuticalshair volume
(artichoke)Nanoceutical toothpaste6

19. Nanoclay reinforced PP Nanoparticle (SiO2) clearcoat for
GM increases no of parts cars (BASF)
Nanobreeze (nano Ag?)
kills allergens, bacteria etc.
Nano wax Nano polish
7

20. Texapore coated Nanotex textiles Nanosphere non-stick fabric
fabric (breathing) (water repellent) (water repellent)
Nano silver antibacterial
Nano silver prevents deodorant socks
Finetex nanofiber filters
odor in textiles
8

21. rf shielding paint Anti-graffiti paintOled displays
(non stick)
Pathogen nanofilter
Self cleaning glass
Finetex nanofiber filters
Nansulate insulation (nano TiO2)
with nanopores
9

22. MEMS are physically small and integrate electrical, mechanical and sensoric
components (micro electro mechanical systems)
Inertial
Measurement
Units 4.0 mm
Airbag
Accelerometers
Accelerometer
500 um
Fuel Injection Nozzle
1 micron beams
Platforms
1) Si (CMOS)
Tire Pressure2) Glass/ceramic (high temperature)
Sensors
Microelectromechanical Systems: Advanced Materials and Fabrication Methods 0.5mm
1

23. …….and lab on chip diagnostic systems
Rapid, Specific and Sensitive Micro (Fluidic) Detection System
Bench Process
Book Size System
Watch Size System
m Micro System
dm
cm
Several micro system platforms
1) Si (CMOS)
2) Glass/ceramic (high temperature)
mm
3) Plastic (low cost, disposable)
1

24. Thanks to miniaturization down to micron & nano level:
• small dimensions function integration possible (dsp, rf, mem)
(mm, um, nm) efficient thermal and material transport
enables mass production, low cost
portable, wearable, point of analysis
disposable
• small sample volume fast response
(uL, nL, pL) high throughput
multi parallel analysis, matrix array
single cell/molecule detection
less chemical waste ENIAC
~1950
Jornada
~2000
• high sensor-sample ratio high sensitivity high
signal to noise
Shrink volume by 108
Improve power efficiency by108
Stan Williams,
HP
1

25. Microspectrometer on chip by Boehringer-Ingelheim
2

26. Micro gaschromatograph, C2V, tno
• Dimensions: 7x7x7 mm3
• Det. limit: <1 ppm
• Response time: 25ms •
Int. volume: < 1 µl • Dead
volume: 0.1 µL •
Temperature: 80 / 150 C
2

27. DNA-coated
pad
Magnetic
bead
Magnetoresistive
strip
Shorting Field
metal generation wire
Nanocalorimeter; Roukes CIT GMR Biosensor; Whitman/Prinz, NRL Cantilever Sensor; Thundat ORNL
• Signal to noise improvements:
yocto(10-24) joule, atto(10-18) newton, femto (10-15) mol/L, ppb, single molecule
• Miniaturization - size/weight - arrays
• Lower power, potentially scavenged
• Locally process data into information
+
15 μ
Lab-on-a-chip; SandiaNanoAu Chemiresistor; Snow NRL
1

29. 3

30. Ten Cate, DSM, TNO
• feasibility study to evaluate present flexible armour systems
• definition of new technological concepts for future flexible armour systems for the soldier
It aims in particular at flexible armour systems based on polymer (nano)binder systems and shear
thickening fluid binding systems which are used to retain high strength polymer fibers. An
important part of this study is to define technologies which can improve existing systems and to
define directions for flexible armour based on combinations of fiber, binder systems and
nanoparticles.
37

31. MSA/Gallet/TenCate/TNO
Characteristics
-antiballistic nanocomposite material (lightweight, high impact protection)
-integrated sensors (acoustic array, B/C, EEG etc.) and communication
(RF) -networked with suit and command
Technologies
-CNT reinforced composite high strength fiber, nanopores, nanofibers,
nanobinders -BC sensorcards in helmet
-switchable conductive/non-conductive rf array antenna’s
-contactless EEG sensor
39

32. 41

33. The SensorCraft radar would combine air and ground
moving target identification (GMTI), imaging and foliage-
penetration applications; electro-optical/infrared sensors
also would be used. Building a lightweight, low-cost sensor
and then integrating it into the wing structure are key
challenges on the radio frequency (RF) side, which is
regarded as the most difficult aspect of SensorCraft.
The active, electronically scanned radar must be lighter in
weight—in the thousand-fold range—and much lower in
cost than today’s technology. Using lightweight materials
would enable affordable radars that are "five to six times
bigger in area than what we have today," Key to the
SensorCraft are load-bearing antennas, where the sensor
becomes part of the wing, rather than a "parasitic" load
bolted onto the airframe.
The resulting antenna would be more susceptible to
aerodynamic pressures—less stable than traditional
structures. So engineers would embed sensors in the wing
to track antenna movement and deformation in order for
software to compensate for these factors.
44

34. Pico-technology

35. Watch Some
Videos of Nano

36. Click on the video to play

38. By,