- Pythagoras, a Greek philosopher, discovered an important property of right triangles, which was also discovered independently by the Indian mathematician Baudhayan. - In a right triangle, the hypotenuse is the side opposite the right angle, and the other two sides are called the legs. - According to the Pythagorean theorem, for any right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the legs. This theorem can be used to find the length of the third side of a right triangle if the other two sides are known.