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Games and Simulation Design: From
    a Hostage Rescue Game to
  Geothermal Energy on Mars in
        Virtual Harmony




Cynthia Calongne, D.CS. Andrew Stricker, Ph.D.
  Colorado Technical       Air University
      University
Time for reflection…


  “HERE IS EDWARD BEAR,
COMING DOWNSTAIRS NOW,
      BUMP, BUMP, BUMP,
 ON THE BACK OF HIS HEAD
BEHIND CHRISTOPHER ROBIN.

IT IS, AS FAR AS HE KNOWS,
 THE ONLY WAY OF COMING
          DOWNSTAIRS

     BUT SOMETIMES,
        HE FEELS THAT
    THERE REALLY MUST BE
       A BETTER WAY…

  IF ONLY HE COULD STOP
   BUMPING FOR A MOMENT
      AND THINK OF IT.”
The Context: How can games and
simulations be designed for helping
digital natives learn?
              Design factors...




     “Wet” ware               “Sim” ware
The Process: How can a design
synch “wet” ware and “sim” ware?
The “wet” ware architecture...
The “sim” ware architecture...
     Drupal
                             OpenSim
                                          (client
     (website)
                                          viewer)



                    Server-client data
                        exchange




                           PhP

     Apache
                             OpenSim
    (web server)
                         (server)
                        Postcast
                          (email
                          server)



                         MySQL
Games and simulations for
learning using the architectures...
Examples of games and simulations for
learning in a 3D world...

      Operation Relief Worker
      Rescue Challenge
         A team-based strategy challenge
         game set in a game simulation kit




      Mars Expedition
      Strategy Challenge
         Studying deep space exploration
         Challenge in a context-rich
         environment
Mars Expedition: Challenge-
based learning game...
Design documentation...
  Prototype planning document…   Instructional design document…
Operation Relief Worker
Rescue Challenge Game...
Theory-based game setting...
Strategy-option decision switching
under rapid knowledge sharing...
                                                             5$6'$$%-7%
                                                       1$2#8(92'$:%0-6+"1"-+%
                        <3=$'>"6"?2+1%                       '$62':"+6%%
                         /@+1)"1">$4%                        (."109"+6%
                                                          :$0"("-+;#2,"+6%
!"#$%&'$(()'$%




                                                             (1'21$6"$(%

                                          A"6"?2+1%
                                         /B+2?31"04%




                 *+,+-.+(%/*+0$'12"+134%
Going from theory to model design...
Learning game elements...
Knowing what students know: Assessment
rubrics...
Refining process...
 Alpha 1                                                      Beta 1
 •  Proof-of-concept Test                                     •  Scalability Test
 •  Participants:                                             •  Participants:
    - developers                                                 - developers
    - sponsors                                                   - faculty & students
 •  Gamers: developers                                           - IT staff
                                                                 - assessors
                                                              •  Gamers: instructors
                                                                 & students

 Alpha 2                                                      Beta 2
                              Alpha 1 Alpha 2 Beta 1 Beta 2
 •  Functional Test                                           •  Operational Test
 •  Participants:                                             •  Participants:
    - developers                                                 - developers
    - assessors                                                  - faculty & students
 •  Gamers: developers                                           - IT & support staff
    with mix of instructors                                      - assessors
    & students                                                •  Gamers: instructors
                                                                 & students
Quest-Oriented Learning Games...
Combining challenge and quest-
oriented designs...
Game Orientation...
Game quest sequence...
Enabling “what-ifs”
MBR: Big picture view...
The model diagrammatic...
The model manipulative...
                                                    Inferencing about
                                                                                      Diagnosis,
                                                 system variables and
Observations using     Assessment of current                                       identification of
                                                   interdependencies
  system model
            system state
                                          recovery/solution
                                                 through manipulation
                                                                                steps, implementation
                                                     of system model




             System Model
                                                                       Interface

                                                  Observable
                                                    events

                                                                     Controller(s)




                             Commands
         Real-time Control
                     Failure Diagnosis


                                                                    Failure Recovery

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Gordon Research Conference 2011

  • 1. Games and Simulation Design: From a Hostage Rescue Game to Geothermal Energy on Mars in Virtual Harmony Cynthia Calongne, D.CS. Andrew Stricker, Ph.D. Colorado Technical Air University University
  • 2. Time for reflection… “HERE IS EDWARD BEAR, COMING DOWNSTAIRS NOW, BUMP, BUMP, BUMP, ON THE BACK OF HIS HEAD BEHIND CHRISTOPHER ROBIN. IT IS, AS FAR AS HE KNOWS, THE ONLY WAY OF COMING DOWNSTAIRS BUT SOMETIMES, HE FEELS THAT THERE REALLY MUST BE A BETTER WAY… IF ONLY HE COULD STOP BUMPING FOR A MOMENT AND THINK OF IT.”
  • 3. The Context: How can games and simulations be designed for helping digital natives learn? Design factors... “Wet” ware “Sim” ware
  • 4. The Process: How can a design synch “wet” ware and “sim” ware?
  • 5. The “wet” ware architecture...
  • 6. The “sim” ware architecture... Drupal OpenSim (client (website) viewer) Server-client data exchange PhP Apache OpenSim (web server) (server) Postcast (email server) MySQL
  • 7. Games and simulations for learning using the architectures...
  • 8. Examples of games and simulations for learning in a 3D world... Operation Relief Worker Rescue Challenge A team-based strategy challenge game set in a game simulation kit Mars Expedition Strategy Challenge Studying deep space exploration Challenge in a context-rich environment
  • 10.
  • 11. Design documentation... Prototype planning document… Instructional design document…
  • 12.
  • 13. Operation Relief Worker Rescue Challenge Game...
  • 14.
  • 16. Strategy-option decision switching under rapid knowledge sharing... 5$6'$$%-7% 1$2#8(92'$:%0-6+"1"-+% <3=$'>"6"?2+1% '$62':"+6%% /@+1)"1">$4% (."109"+6% :$0"("-+;#2,"+6% !"#$%&'$(()'$% (1'21$6"$(% A"6"?2+1% /B+2?31"04% *+,+-.+(%/*+0$'12"+134%
  • 17. Going from theory to model design...
  • 19. Knowing what students know: Assessment rubrics...
  • 20. Refining process... Alpha 1 Beta 1 •  Proof-of-concept Test •  Scalability Test •  Participants: •  Participants: - developers - developers - sponsors - faculty & students •  Gamers: developers - IT staff - assessors •  Gamers: instructors & students Alpha 2 Beta 2 Alpha 1 Alpha 2 Beta 1 Beta 2 •  Functional Test •  Operational Test •  Participants: •  Participants: - developers - developers - assessors - faculty & students •  Gamers: developers - IT & support staff with mix of instructors - assessors & students •  Gamers: instructors & students
  • 22. Combining challenge and quest- oriented designs...
  • 26. MBR: Big picture view...
  • 28. The model manipulative... Inferencing about Diagnosis, system variables and Observations using Assessment of current identification of interdependencies system model system state recovery/solution through manipulation steps, implementation of system model System Model Interface Observable events Controller(s) Commands Real-time Control Failure Diagnosis Failure Recovery

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