Slide presentation on wood recycling.

1. WOOD RECYCLING, REUSE AND
REDUCE (3R)
NAME: MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN AZUDDIN
MATRIC NO: 2016238472
CLASS: EMD7M7A
Engineers in Society (MEC600)

2. Introduction of the issue and the effect to human society, world, health,
culture, legal, etc. and the challenges faced in managing the issue.
QUESTION2
Solution to the issue and challenges if we were to follow.
QUESTION3
REFERENCE
TABLE OF
CONTENT
01
02
03
04
QUESTION1
Identify potential un-ethical problems and come up with suggestions to
overcome them

3. Wood 3R introduction, effects
and challenges faced in
managing the issue
1.

4. INTRODUCTION
• Pollution is a result of continuity of waste production by
humans and municipal solid waste is one of them.
Municipal solid waste including dust, titles, paper, plastic,
textiles, glass, metal, wood, and residual food
(Samiha, 2013).
• A rapid increase in overall waste generation in the last ten
years were very agitating as in Malaysia itself, 13,069
tons per day in year 1996 greatly increased to 22,238
tons per day in year 2009 (Salim & Ali, 2018).

5. INTRODUCTION

6. INTRODUCTION
3R’s Elements Explanation
Reduce The main step in managing waste. This principle stressed on abating
the production of waste from its source. This can be done by limiting
the use of raw materials in order to decrease the disposable solid
waste (Samiha, 2013). For example, furniture can be made of bamboo
rather than woods.
Reuse The second step of waste management can be used if reduction is
impractical. The example of reuse is by repairing, selling or donating
the items. Products made of wood such as furniture can be repair to
be use again (Samiha, 2013).
Recycle The last step of waste management. This principle can be applied when
the items can no longer be use therefore the raw material will be
reprocess to produce new product (Samiha, 2013).

7. EFFECTS OF 3R WOOD
(HUMAN SOCIETY)
• The use of 3R’s elements in recycling woods will lead to
decrease of landfill areas and therefore escalating the
health of the residents. The less use of dumping areas
will attract less number of animals that bring infections.
• recycling of woods may also improve the health of
residents in terms of reducing carbon dioxide and
increasing the oxygen amount as trees need carbon
dioxide for photosynthesis and human needs oxygen for
respiration.
• more energy is needed when the products are made new
compared to recycling as they need to be transported
and so on. Therefore, carbon monoxide can also be
diminished when recycling.

8. EFFECTS OF 3R WOOD
(WORLD)
• Recycling of waste including woods had gave a very
positive impact on the economy of the country. The
government will be able to save cost on managing waste
and also landfills (Samiha, 2013).
• Recycled wood fiber such as papers had decreased the
cost rather than making new papers. Demand of landfills
space can also be reduced as recycling recovered
woods, fiberboard, particleboard and wooden pallets will
only returned one percent or less of the wood materials to
the landfills (Falk & Mckeever, 2004).
• Recycling woods will also help in decreasing the
greenhouse effect by reducing the logging and cutting
trees activities.

9. EFFECTS OF 3R WOOD
(HEALTH)
• According to Ince, Skog and Heath (1995), application of
3R’s wood may contribute to the prevention of excessive
waste dumping on landfills which will caused several
types of pollutions include underground water, air, and
noise.
• By using principle of 3R on woods, the landfills area will
be less use, which will then attract less animals thus not
exposed to infections from the animals nor the
contaminated water.
• recycling woods will cause less air pollutions. This is due
to, the factory that processing new wood products will
release carbon and other toxic substance thus polluting
the air.

10. CHALLENGE FACED IN
MANAGING THE ISSUE
• People around the globe did not take this matter seriously
especially in developing countries and several developed
countries. They often think that recycling may cost their
energy and time but will never give effect to the mother
nature.
• Study conducted by Masakazu (2014) shows that the
residents still do not understand the concept perfectly.
They thought they only buy papers when actually they
also buy the source which is woods.
• If the recycling site did not been managed properly, it will
only be same as the landfills and also give the same
consequences of landfills.

11. CHALLENGE FACED IN
MANAGING THE ISSUE

12. Solution to the 3R wood issue
and challenges if we were to
follow other country.
2.

13. SOLUTION TO 3R WOOD
ISSUE
• According to the article published by The Star Online, 2003 Illinois-based Construction
Materials Recycling Association, manage to get wood recycling rate up to 50% of the
estimated 325 million tonnes of construction waste every year.
• Unfortunately, the data is not well presented here in Malaysia. Malaysia scenario is that one
group interested in the recycling programme but at the same time they afraid of failure due to
lack of data regarding the feasibility.
• Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) is funding a study on Waste Minimisation
and Recycling Potential of Construction Materials
• CIDB approved a RM689,000 research grant in 2003.

14. • In Australia, Eastern Metropolitan Regional Council (EMRC), opened Western Australia's first
wood recycling office in Perth's suburb of Hazelmere. Before this, a large number of huge
amounts of wood squander, which included beds, bundling, cases and off-cuts, had been
going to landfill or were being stored which is a problem for the government in providing
adequate number of landfills site in the city. The organisation manage to recycle an average of
20,000 tonnes per annum (Waste Management Review, 2017).

15. SOLUTION TO 3R WOOD
ISSUE
• Lastly, Putrajaya Holdings Sdn Bhd, at present
creating 4,581 hectare of land, is directed by the
Putrajaya Environmental Management Guide 1988
which requests for a strong waste administration
plan. The arrangement expresses the kinds of
waste, transfer strategies, area of endorsed
dumpsites and waste reuse or reuse programs.
(Hilary Chiew, 2003)

16. 3R’s Elements Explanation
Human Society • There are challenges that reflect the difficulties that exists in engaging people in order to create awareness. Knowledge translation efforts
that make theory and evidence on wood recycling accessible and motivating to the general population are an important component in building
resilience.
• Next, most of the construction developer afraid to manage their wood waste as they are not capable enough and not much guidance from
the authority.
• Society have a bad perception toward recyclable wood product. They categorize the item as a low quality product. In facts not all recycle
wood is low quality, most of it often said as good as the new wood. (All recycling facts, n.d)
World • Lack of standardized approach also one of the challenge in manage the wood waste. It was observed in the field that different
organizations are using different waste management modules and reference materials to enhance the capacities of the community to start
recycling habit.
• A weak national funding framework. The government budgetary allocation for recycling and waste management is nothing to write home
about and the private sector might not see the economic justifications for investment in waste reductions and recycling projects.
• Surely, one of the premier difficulties in wood reusing is managing additive treated wood. The volume of material treated with chromated
copper arsenate (CCA) (regularly southern yellow pine) in the MSW and C&D squander streams is gigantic. (Falk & Mckeever, 2004)
Cost • To start a recycling centre need huge amount of money since the equipment to carry out the process is pricy. Therefore a huge support
from the government is needed to make it happen.
• Even though the starting cost is high, but after a few years of conduct, it will pay back all the cost. So in the long term run it will give back
the benefits.
• Other than that, construction developer also need to allocate new bin in order to manage their construction waste. Because before this
they just compile all the waste in a one bin and just let the waste been thrown away in the landfills without been recycle.
CHALLENGES IN WOOD RECYCLING

17. Potential un-ethical problems
and suggestions to overcome
them (Do’s and Don’ts)
3.

18. UN-ETHICAL PROBLEMS
Recyclable
material
Potential Un-ethical Problems
Wood ➢ Poor waste management: Most of the construction site have a poor waste
management plan which mostly involve wood material.
➢ Taking shortcuts: People always tend to take shortcut when going to
disposal the waste. For example wood material furniture which end up in
a landfills
➢ Deforestation: Cutting down trees more often to catch the demand of
consumers
➢ Lack of awareness on wood recycle
➢ Excessive production of wood based product
➢ Fire risk
➢ Used wood perceived as low quality wood
➢ Challenges in finding wood recycling center
➢ High volume wood recycling expensive
➢ Challenges in sorting the wood

19. SUGGESTIONSTO
OVERCOMETHE PROBLEM
Do’s
 • Help the industry in creating an effective wood
waste management system.The industry can sorting
the wood waste in a proper container before a truck
come pick up the waste and bring it to the 3R
centre.
 • Authority need to create an awareness campaign
on wood recycling.As we can see nowadays they are
more focusing on Aluminium, Paper and Glass
material.They are not putting wood as one crucial
material to be recycle.As you can see wood waste
contribute high percentage of occupied space in
landfills (All recyling facts, n.d.) .
Don’ts
 • Do not throw away your wood furniture or other
wood waste in the bin or at any place as they need
to take a long period to decompose.
 • Do not let environmental degradation.When trees
are cut down and not replaced, deforestation gets
worse and communities become more vulnerable to
the rains.

20. SUGGESTIONSTO
OVERCOMETHE PROBLEM
Do’s
 • The authority also need to come out with an act
to control the deforestation by giving the licence
only to selected company.They need to control the
amount of licence granted.
 • The manufacturer of wood based product need to
be proactive in using recycle wood as their material
in producing the product.The government can give
they a tax discount by going green in their
production.
 • The customer or consumer need to support the
manufacturer that having a cause to go green by
buying the product.
Don’ts
 • Do not left the wood waste on a place that is risky.
By leaving the wood waste on risky area might get
the waste caught in fire.
 • Do not take short cut in managing your waste.
Help save the mother earth and dispose it ethically.
 • Do not ignoring authority advice on awareness
campaign as they put a lot of effort into it in order
the make the country a great.
 • Do not underestimate a recycle wood product.The
manufacturer already do the research in providing
the consumer the safest product and at the same
time help in protecting the environment.

21. SUGGESTIONSTO
OVERCOMETHE PROBLEM
Do’s
 • The authority need to set up one 3R centre in every
state focusing on wood waste.The centre can be the
hub for manufacturer buying a recycle wood. Other
than that the initiative can help the community in
generate income by selling their wood waste.
 • To start setting up the centre might be expensive, but
with a huge amount of support from the government
surely be benefit for the community and the country in
a long term run.
 • The influencer out there also need to play a role in
encouraging the others in recycling their wood waste.
They can promote on the cool stuff they can do with
their wood waste.A lot of DIY furniture ideas involve a
recycling wood.
Don’ts
 • Do not give an excuse when it come in recycling
the waste. By recycling the waste is not only help
you save the environment but also save your money.
For example you can save a ton of money by
fabricating your own DIY furniture or purchasing a
recycle wood furniture based product at a bargain
price.

22. References
4.

23. REFERENCES
Falk, R. H., & Mckeever, D. B. (2004). RECOVERING WOOD FOR REUSE AND RECYCLING A UNITED
STATES PERSPECTIVE, (April), 22–24.
Ince, P. J. (1996). Recycling of Wood and Paper Products in the United States, (January).
Ince, P. J., Skog, K. E., & Heath, L. S. (1995). Recycling in the big picture-the really big picture, 14(June).
Puri, P., Sushrita, K., Kumar, S. N., & V.Ramesh. (2017). Effects of air pollution on the skin : A review,
(February).
Salim, M., & Ali, M. (2018). Intention to Practice Reduce , Reuse & Recycle ( 3R ) Among Expatriates
Working in Malaysia, (March).
Samiha, B. (2013). The Importance of the 3R Principle of Municipal Solid Waste Management for Achieving
Sustainable Development, 4(3), 129–136.
Tarmudi, Z., Abdullah, L., & Osman, A. (2009). An Overview of Municipal Solid Wastes Generation In
Malaysia, (December 2009).

24. REFERENCES
Help Save Nature (n.d). Retrieved 12, November, 2018, from http:// www.helpsavenature.com/positive-
negative-effects-of-recycling
Hilary, C. (2003, March 11). Don’t waste that wood. The Star Online. Retrieved from
https://www.thestar.com.my/data/archives/2013/07/04/12/12/dont-waste-- that-wood/
Wood Recycling (n.d). Retrieved 12, November, 2018, from http:// www.all- recycling-facts.com/wood-
recycling.html