Casting involves pouring liquid metal into molds to form objects. The main types of casting are sand casting, permanent mold casting, centrifugal casting, continuous casting, and investment casting. Sand casting uses sand as the mold material and is inexpensive but less accurate. Permanent mold casting uses reusable metal molds for higher accuracy. Centrifugal casting forms thin-walled cylinders. Continuous casting produces long strips of metal in an automated process. Investment casting creates molds from liquid and is suitable for complex shapes.
2. What is Casting?
Casting is a procedure of create a molds of any metal. In a casting liquid
material of metal convert into an object of the shape. Different types of
casting process available as per below:
Investment
Casting
Types of
Casting
Continuous
Casting
Centrifugal
Casting
Sand Casting
Permanent
Mold Casting
3. Investment Casting
Wax
Injection
De-waxing
and Firing
Shell
Building
Assembly
CastingKnock outCut off
Finished
Casting
Investment casting is an old technique of casting. It is establish from a
lost-wax casting. Lost-wax casting is also known as modern investment
casting. In the investment casting process mold are made from liquid.
In this process it is used generally metals like steel, bronze and iron.
Process Of Investment Casting
4. Pros & Cons of Investment Casting
Pros
Good accuracy
High precision casting technic
Possible for complex shape
Cons
Relatively slow
Expensive process
Size limitation
5. Continuous Casting
Continuous casting referred as a strand
casting. It is a process for continuous,
high volume production of metal. In this
process molten steel is converting into
semi-finished slab for rolling into
finishing mills. This method is used for
produce different shapes like pipes,
wires, roads, and plates of the metal.
Continuous casting methods is used for
aluminum alloys, copper alloys and
other metals.
Molten
Steel
Tundish Submerged
Entry Nozzle
Ladle
Spray Cooling
Roller
Apron
Rollers
Straightening
Slab
Process of Continuous Casting
6. Pros & Cons of Continuous Casting
Save processing time
Fully automatic process
Cost effective process
Require large space
Not possible for small production
Continuous cooling molds is
required
Pros Cons
7. Centrifugal Casting
Centrifugal casting is also referred as
a rotocasting. In this technic cast
thin-walled cylinders are used. It is a
gravity and pressure independent
casting. It is used for water and gas
pipes, piston rings, clutch plates and
cylinder liners. Centrifugal casting
method is categorized based on
shape of meld: True Centrifugal
casting, Semi Centrifugal casting and
Centrifuge casting.
8. Pros & Cons of Centrifugal Casting
• High output
• Easily produce any size cylindrical shape
• Inclusions and impurities are lighter
Pros
• High wastage material
• Maintenance of equipment is high
• Very high area occupied
Cons
9. Sand Casting
Sand casting is a one of the simplest and popular casting method. In this casting
method sand is a used as a mold material. It is a most widely used process of metal
casting manufacturing. In the sand casting pattern of shape made in desired part.
Sand casting is used in parts of materials like bronze, aluminum and brass.
Process Of Sand Casting
Core Making
(If needed)
Sand
Raw Material Melting Pouring
Solidification of
sand mold
Removal of
sand mold
Preparation of
sand
Mold Making
Pattern Making
Finished casting
Cleaning and
inspection
10. Pros & Cons of Sand Casting
Raw material easily
available
Least expensive process
Production rate high
Require large tolerance
Less accuracy
Casting require more machining
Pros Cons
11. Permanent Mold Casting
Permanent mold casting is also
known as a gravity die casting. In this
casting process mold which made
from metal like iron or steel is
repetitive use. Permanent mold
casting is used in aircraft and rocket
parts, cylinder heads, pump parts
casting, and compressors. Gravity die
casting, Low pressure die casting, and
High pressure die castings are sub
type of the permanent mold casting.
Assembly
Mold
Mold
Preparation
Trimming
Pouring
Mold
opening
Cooling
Process of Mold
Casting
12. Pros & Cons of Permanent Mold Casting
Pros
• Good accuracy
• Ability to design thinner
wall
• Repeated use of mold
Cons
• High tooling cost
• Limited for small casting
• Only able for non-
ferrous metal
13. Contact Us
Mangal Iron Pvt. Ltd.
80 Feet Road, Aji Industrial Area,
Rajkot - 360 003, Gujarat – India
+91 9726360009
+91 9825035536
info@mangaliron.com
www.mangaliron.com
