2. assists clients in
developing self-understanding
forming conclusions
looking at alternative actions
viewed as a helping interview
used by social workers to build a social history
Used by Psychiatrists and clinical psychologists
to form treatment considerations
3. A. General appearance
B. Attitude and behavior
C. Affect and mood
D. Demographic information
E. Work experience
F. Medical history
G. Educational history
H. Family history
4. Worker role
◦ Work history
Homemaker
◦ Spouse
◦ Parent
Leisure role
Citizen role
5. Identifying client goals
Determining the feasibility of goals
Establishing subgoals
Assessing commitment to goals (Brown, Brooks,
and associates, 1990)
6. Problems in living
Behaviors that may lead to work maladjustment
Faulty cognitions
Memory and persistence
7. 1.) rapport
2.) observation
3.) self-disclosure
4.) open and close- ended questions
5.) Echoing, restatement, or paraphrasing
6.) Continuation
7.) staying on track.
8. greet with enthusiasm
Communicate with sincerity and competence.
Use the client’s terms for expressing an emotion.
Express interest through Body language and
verbal expressions
Resist using psychological jargon.
9. Observe body language
jot down first impressions but is willing to modify
early conclusions when it is justifiable
Voice recording or video recording with the client’s
permission
10. Counselors should be very selective when using
self –disclosure
immediate feedback through self-disclosure about
a client’s personal problems usually increase the
client’s willingness to discuss them in greater
depth (Halpern, 1977; Thase and Page,
1977;Cormier, 1991)
11. open-ended questions facilitate emotion or expression
( Hopkinson, Cox, and Rutter, 1981)
close-ended questions have higher reliability and
narrow the focus of the interview (Othmer and Othmer,
1989)
Open-ended questions usually are formed with the
worlds tell me, explain more fully, what, how, when, or
where
Close-ended questions request more specific
information
clients’ statements or mixed messages can be clarified
through the use of both open-ended and close-ended
questions
12. To focus attention on the situation, object, person,
or general idea of a statement
Paraphrasing or echoing the cognitive portion of a
statement provides greater chances for obtaining
a measure of the emotional tone associated with
its content
13. steering techniques used to encourage clients to
go on with topic
Use nonverbal gestures such
◦ eye contact
◦ nodding
◦ staying silent
◦ using hand movements that invite the client to continue
Typical statements
◦ “Go On”, Tell me more,” Hmm,” and What happened after
that?”
(Othmer and Othmer,1989).
14. Maintaining content focus is an effective technique
for gainful productive in a dyadic relationship