41. This dysrhythmia results in the absence of cardiac output. Almost always occurs with serious heart disease, especially acute MI. The course of treatment for ventricular fibrillation includes: * immediate defibrillation and ACLS protocols.
42. Atrial fibrillation may occur paroxysmally, but it often becomes chronic. It is usually associated with COPD, CHF or other heart disease. Treatment includes: * Digoxin, diltiazem, or other anti-dysrhythmic medications to control the AV conduction rate and assist with conversion back to normal sinus rhythm. * Cardioversion (shocking simultaneously with the QRS) may also be necessary to terminate this rhythm.