1. GENDER DESCRIMINATION

2. CONTENTS OF PRESENTATION Infanticide Child marriage Dowry death Women trafficking Sexual harrassment at work place Wage gap Women status in conservative nations

3. MANU SMRITI (The laws of manu) Gender descrimination is deep rooted in the society since ancient period. Women should be controlled at youth and adult by father and husband respectively. She never be left independent. Father sins if he keeps his matured daughter at home without being married. If women hears chant by accident, molten iron should be poured into her ears.

4. FEMALE INFANTICIDE It is an act of deliberately killing the female infant. In the societies that are patrilineal the family choose to allow more sons and kill daughters as the former will support their birth family whereas the latter will leave economically and geographically to join their husband’s family.

5. ONE CHILD POLICY Today in china, there are 124 males for every 100 females Due to the government policy of one child per couple there is enormous disparity in sex ratio, so people would prefer male child leading to female foeticide. by 2020 there will be 35 million surplus males in china.

6. In 1992 there was a shocking news from tamilnadu where 196 girls were killed in the Usillampatti area. If the same situation prevails by 2020 there could be more than 25 million young surplus males in india

7. CHILD MARRIAGE FACTORS ENDORSING CHILD MARRIAGE: The aristocracy of some cultures tend to use child marriage among different states as a method to secure political ties between them. Eg: the son or daughter of the royal family of a weaker power would sometimes be married to the royal family of a stronger neighbourto prevent humiliation. Parents substantiate that physical attraction at youth is not a suitable foundation upon which to build a marriage and a family. Sometimes consanguineous marriages are enforced on the children by elders just to reinforce and strengthen the relationships.

8. TWO SORTS OF CHILD MARRIAGES Marrying the young child to an adult man

9. Here parents of the two children from different families arrange a future marriage, the individuals who do not meet one another untill the wedding ceremony.

10. EFFECTS OF CHILD MARRIAGE It hampers the education It violates the right of the girl to choose her partner. It confines the girl to the household chores at an early age The girl will have limited access to the society which will affect her all round development All these factors will have adverse psychological effect on the girl.

11. DOWRY DEATHS It is wealth given to the bride for her wellbeing by her family at the time of departure with her inlaws. But often it is misused by the inlaws for their vested interest. Women are subjected to various atrocities when her family fails to meet the demands of her inlaws.

12. WOMEN MAY BE SUBJECTED TO: Mental torture leading to suicide Hanging Burnt to death

13. SEXUAL HARRASMENT AT WORKPLACE Usage of vulgar, sexually explicit language Sexual comments regarding physical appearance and clothing. Whistling, kissing sounds and smacking noises Standing inappropriately close to women Hugging and kissing when uninvited Calling to one’s personal no. at inappropriate time Intimidation if she refuses to fulfill ones pleas

14. COMMON VICTIMS- HOUSE MAIDS The least powerful section of the society is exploited by upper classes.

15. MOLESTATION Of late its incidence is on the rise. Some men take advantage of the fact that women can be easily overpowered We have the recent examples of nandigram and SPS Rathore.

16. EFFECTS ON THE VICTIM Decreased performance at work and increased absenteeism Defamation of character and reputation Being humiliated by gossip Having to drop jobs which affects their income Having one’s personal life come under scrutiny and attack.

17. WOMEN TRAFFICKING It is a illegal trade in human beings for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation or forced labour Tactics used by traffickers to pursue women Promise lucrative opportunities unacheivable in the normal course of their life Promise of an opportunity to study Offering legitimate work Forceful kidnapping

18. There are two kinds of trafficking; 1. Intra border 2. Inter border Most of the girls are sold in metropolitian cities where they are forced into prostitution and bonded labour. By the time they realise their purpose of involvement it is too late.

19. STATUS OF WOMEN IN CONSERVATIVE NATIONS Women neither have right to vote nor are they given any political participation

20. Women have no right to dress as per their wish - In some countries women are forced to cover their face with veil.

21. On disobeying the laws of religion women are subjected to inhuman punishment according to a fatwa declared by a clergy.

22. BLOOD MONEY It is the money given as a solace to the family of murdered/killed person The blood money given after death of a woman is half of that given following the death of a man.

23. BEFORE CHANGING STATUS OF WOMEN IT IS ESSENTIAL TO CHANGE MENTALITY OF MEN When she raised her voice for the revision of shariya in her literary work ‘Lajja’, she was hounded and forced to flee her nation following which she is in exile even today.