Sustainable Agriculture Land Management Wan Miana Project

1. Sustainable Agriculture Land
Management
Ranjha Farms Wan Miana
2/23/2018

2. Agriculture Contribution
• GDP 23%
• Exports 70%
• Labour Force 44%
• Animals 160 Million
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3. ISSUES
• Higher Input Costs Fertilizers, Diesel etc
• Not very high Productivity
• Stagnant Prices
• Nitrogen and Phosphorus Effects on land
• Increasingly Higher PH Level
• More Water required, Already water stressed
• Deeper Plowing, getting expensive
• Traditional Dairy not very feasible
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4. Costs
• 15 B $ Oil Imports leading to trade deficit
• Fossil Fuel Bad for Environment & Economy
• Massive Energy Shortages
• Circular debt
• 1400 Billion Debt Servicing
• 26 Billion annual subsidy to fertilizers
• Cancer, Hepatitis and many other health isses
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5. Health Issues

6. Effects of fertilizers on Environment

7. Effects of Pesticides on environment and
human health
Pesticide Mobility: Air, water
& Land contamination
Effect of pesticides on
human health

8. Sustainable Agriculture
• University of Florida-Dr. George Hochmuth (Coursera)
• Food Insecurity and need for more production
-How to increase Production?
• Balancing the Agriculture Profitability
- -How to manage nutrient inputs?
-How to improve the irrigation management?
• Saving Environment for our future Generations
-How to save the Environment?

9. Sustainable agriculture
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10. 2/23/2018 SKAFS International (PVT) LTD

11. Green color shows positive impacts
Yellow color shows negative impacts

12. Clean Development Mechanism
• Clean Development
Mechanism (CDM) is a
program launched by
UNFCCC (United Nations
Framework Convention on
Climate Change) under
Kyoto’s protocol to reduce
Greenhouse Gas (GHG)
Effect. By reducing GHG
Emissions climate change
can be controlled and
natural disasters, such as
hurricanes and floods can
be avoided.
Courtesy
Bellona.org

13. CDM and Agriculture
• Emissions from Agriculture Sector:
• Carbon Dioxide (CO2) originates from burning of fossil fuel,
such as use of diesel for tractors and running of tube wells,
burning of waste from crops.
• Methane (CH4) originates from animal dung. Methane is 23
times more dangerous than Carbon-Dioxide (CO2).
• Nitrous Oxide (N2O) originates from animal dung and
during application of fertilizers and sprays on crops. N2O is
296 times more dangerous than Carbon-Dioxide (CO2).
• Ammonia (NH3) used for cold storage of agricultural
products is not dangerous for human health and is
environment friendly.

14. CDM Approval process
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15. LOCATION

16. RANJHA FARMS
• 130 Acres
• 70 Acres Kinno Orchards
• 70 Animals Herd
• Irrigation through Bio Aabs
• Bio Gas
• Bio Slurry as fertilizer
• Also Compost Fertilizers
• Honey Farming and Neem Trees
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17. Inputs
Low cost
Manure
Compost
& other bio –
fertilizers , bio
Practices
Crop rotation, Mulching, encourage useful
predators, multi-cropping, cover cropping,
strip cropping, contour farming
Out puts
Nutritious & healthy
organic food, carbon
credits, carbon trading,
currency or incentives
for local pple, Govt.
Small projects:
Biogas digester,
water storage
tanks, solar
tube wells,
schools &
houses
CDM PROJECT: Ranjha Farm: Total agricultural area: 130
Acre
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18. Bio Aab MM Technology
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19. Social, Economic & Env. Impacts of Ranjha Farm
Social
Create employment
Income for the
farmers
Food security
Organic food
Reduce the diseases
Economy
Initial investment costs: Rs.
10,000,000 or USD 100,000
Revenues from the sale of
CERs @Rs. 600 0r USD
6perton of CO₂ e: Rs.
4,623,600 or USD 46,236
Net profit from project
activity after sale of CERs: Rs.
3,332,300 0r USD 33,323 Pa
Environment
Before project
GHGs
emissions:
7706
After project
implementatio
n: Zero
GHGs..hyperli
nked
dataproject
activity
emissions.docx2/23/2018 SKAFS International (PVT) LTD

20. Biogas technology
• Pakistan possesses 63 million buffaloes and cows
that yield 990 million kg of cow-dung per day. About
6 kg of cow dung can produce 1 m³ of biogas (natural
gas). Thus, Pakistan possesses the potential of
producing over 150 million m³ of biogas per day and
over 54,000 million m³ per annum.
• Animal wastes biogas digester biogas
manure
Organic agriculture Organic fruits &veg.

21. End use of Biogas
1 m³ cube of biogas is sufficient to:
• Run a 1 horsepower engine for 2 h
• Provide 1.25 kW-h of electricity
• Provide heat for cooking three meals a day for
5 people
• Provide 6 h of light equivalent to a 60-W bulb
• Run a refrigerator of 1 m³capacity for 1 h
• Run an incubator of 1m³ capacity for 0.5 h

22. 1. Digester
2. Gas holder
3. Feed tank
4. Feed pipe
5. Concrete foundation
6. Overflow/drain pipe
7. Vertical pipe guide
8. O-ring support
9. Gate valve
10. Water tap
11. Gas pipe
12. Gas holder stay
13. Burner

23. End use of Biogas
1 m³ cube of biogas is sufficient to:
• Run a 1 horsepower engine for 2 h
• Provide 1.25 kW-h of electricity
• Provide heat for cooking three meals a day for
5 people
• Provide 6 h of light equivalent to a 60-W bulb
• Run a refrigerator of 1 m³capacity for 1 h
• Run an incubator of 1m³ capacity for 0.5 h

24. Biogas technology
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25. Biogas transformation into C-credits
CDM project
A soln. to Energy
crises produced
by sharp increase
in diesel prices

26. Biogas transformation into C-credits
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27. Punjab Quantification: Key Issues and solutions
Water Shortage
• Solution: Organic matter will increase the fertility and better storage
of water in Soil
Toxic and Expensive Pesticides
• Solution: Less usage of chemical pesticides due to availability of
Organic pesticides like Neem & Garlic
Toxic and expensive Fertilizers
• Solution: Less usage of toxic imported fertilizers due to availability of
cheap bio-fertilizers
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28. Key issues and Solutions
Electricity Shortage
• Solution: Availability of biogas
• (Economic benefits of biogas digester( hyperlinked databiogas
digester )
Diesel shortage
• Solution: Less tillage, solar Tube wells
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29. If we do Environment Friendly projects…..then what
will we get in future?
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30. Benefits to
Punjab
Less usage of chem.
Fertilizers, Less usage
of imported diesel,
used to run Agri.
machinery
Sustainable
Agriculture,
Certified Org. Food,
Less GHGs emissions,
More C-Credits
More C-Trading
Env. Friendly Agr.
will protect animal
& human health
Less soil degradation,
More soil fertility,
More Drought resistant
Crops,
More yield
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31. If we don’t then……….we’ll have to face
the threats…..
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32. Carbon Offset to fund energy in Pakistan
• CASH POOR and energy-starved Pakistan should consider carbon trading market to
fund its renewable energy projects.
• Carbon offsetting potential in Renewable Energy sector in Punjab: 87.79 Mt/yr
• Carbon offsetting potential in Waste Management in Punjab: 108.39 Mt/yr
• Carbon trading potential in Punjab: 108.39 x 1,000,000 x $6 = $650,340,000 per year
(..hyperlinked dataCarbon trading potential.docx)
• One organically grown crop/ac can save 4.6 million barrels oil, 362 gallons of fossil
fuel and can save money up to 1.47 Crore.

33. Threats to Pakistan
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
China
India
brazil
korea
pakistan
60%
11%
9%
6%
0%
Expected annual c-emission reduction
Expected annual C-emission reduction in Pakistan=Zero
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34. Threats to Pakistan
• Pakistan’s current ranking on Env. Performance index (EPI) : 124th among 149
countries, is not satisfactory as well.
Environmental
Threats
•IPCC has identified Pakistan as one of the countries that can be hit hardly by climate change
•Reason: Due to dependency of the economy on poor agricultural system and its low forest cover
with a high rate of deforestation at around 0.2-0.4 every year.
Economic
threats
•One of its biggest export markets- Europe, has got serious concerns about Pakistan’s environment
standards.14 The concern of Europe may result in restricting our exports to the region thus
adversely affecting the export earnings and BoP of the country.
Conclusion
•So, An active participation at international level towards environment sustainability can not only
improve the environment status of the country, but may also enable the country to enhance its
credibility internationally in this regard, organic agriculture and livestock activities can save money by
reducing waste treatment and disposal cost, raw material purchases and other operating costs.
Biogas technology provides an alternate source of energy and can help the Government to meet the
current energy needs. It reduces potential environmental liabilities, enhances public image and
protects the environment.

35. The Choice is yours…. what do you want to Eat?
•Apple with sour taste of chemicals
• Mangoes with the smell of nail polish
remover , also add health costs
•Small children are at heightened risks due to
the contaminated food. This poisonous food
affects their neurologic, digestive and other
internal systems (L. Philip etal.,)
Pesticide, herbicide, insecticide free
organic food is safe for environment
and health.

36. •THANK YOU
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