Focuses on African "origins", the Atlantic slave trade, Southern entrenchment, treatment, and responses to slavery.

1. “A More Perfect Union”
Senator Barack Obama’s speech in
Philadelphia on March 18, 2008.

4. “The government gives them the drugs, builds
bigger prisons, passes a three-strike law and then
wants us to sing‘God Bless America’. No, no,
no, God damn America, that’s in the Bible for
killing innocent people….God damn America for
treating our citizens as less than human. God
damn America for as long as she acts like she is
God and she is supreme.” — 2003 sermon

6. “The document they produced was eventually
signed but ultimately unfinished. It was stained
by this nation’s original sin of slavery, a question
that divided the colonies and brought the
convention to a stalemate until the founders
chose to allow the slave trade to continue for at
least twenty more years, and to leave any final
resolution to future generations….

7. “The document they produced was eventually
signed but ultimately unfinished. It was stained
by this nation’s original sin of slavery, a question
that divided the colonies and brought the
convention to a stalemate until the founders
chose to allow the slave trade to continue for at
least twenty more years, and to leave any final
resolution to future generations….

8. Article 1. Section 2. Paragraph 3:
“Representatives and directTaxes shall be
apportioned among the several States which may be
included within this Union,according to their
respective Numbers,which shall be determined by
adding to the whole Number of free Persons
…and…three fifths of all other Persons.”

9. AsWilliam Faulkner once wrote,‘The past
isn’t dead and buried. In fact, it isn’t even
past.’ We do not need to recite here the
history of racial injustice in this country. But
we do need to remind ourselves that so many
of the disparities that exist in the African-
American community today can be directly
traced to inequalities passed on from an earlier
generation that suffered under the brutal
legacy of slavery and Jim Crow.”

10. The
Peculiar
Institution

11. Slavery

12. 1.African Origins?
2.Atlantic SlaveTrade
3.Colonial Slavery
4.TheWorld of the Enslaved
5.Northern African Americans
6.Conclusion

13. African Origins?

14. kingdoms

15. absolute monarchies

16. large landowners

17. small landowners

18. slaves

19. protected

20. property

21. hereditary

22. POWs

23. Atlantic Slave Trade

25. 400,000

26. 4,000,000

28. “Middle Passage”

31. 10-15%

32. 1807 (GB), 1808 (US)

34. Colonial Slavery
MISCEGENATION: mid 19th century, formed irregularly
from Latin miscere‘to mix’ + genus‘race’ + English -ation.

37. entrenchment

38. GB: 80%

39. NE: 284 million lbs

40. cotton‘gin

41. $350…$1500

42. $350…$1500

43. 1860

44. “average” slave
The World
of the Enslaved

45. hierarchy

46. 1) house

48. 1) house
2) hotel/artisan

49. 2) hotel/artisan
1) house
3) field hand

50. ????

51. Theory #1
Computer-assisted model

54. <LIFE SPANS>

55. SouthernWhites

56. NorthernWhiteWC

57. EnslavedAfrican-Americans

58. SouthernWhites?
Northern whiteWC?
EnslavedAf-Ams?

60. SouthernWhites
Northern whiteWC
EnslavedAf-Ams

61. ????Computer-assisted model

62. Theory #2
Psychological model

63. Stanley Elkins
Slavery : A Problem in American Institutional and Intellectual Life (1959)

66. ????Psychological model

67. Northern
African
Americans

69. 5/15
1860

70. segregation

71. discrimination

72. “last hired, first fired”

77. William Lloyd Garrison

78. “I do not wish to think, or speak,
or write, with moderation….
I am in earnest – I will not
equivocate – I will not excuse –
I will not retreat a single inch –
AND IWILL BE HEARD.”

79. “A covenant with death &
an agreement with hell.”

81. Article 1. Section 2. Paragraph 3:
“Representatives and directTaxes shall be
apportioned among the several States which may be
included within this Union,according to their
respective Numbers,which shall be determined by
adding to the whole Number of free Persons
…and…three fifths of all other Persons.”

82. Frederick Douglass

83. “written by himself”
Narrative of the Life of
Frederick Douglass

85. <10%
(of Northerners)

86. riots

87. riots

88. Conclusion
How to end the
Peculiar Institution?

90. “[A]lmost exclusively slave labor except as to the Boss
men…enables me of course to compete with other
manufacturers.”
Joseph R. Anderson, 1847
Tredegar Iron Works
Joseph R. Anderson, 1847
Tredegar Iron Works
BACKSTORY