ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
85 conventional methods of training to teacher and its impact in higher education
1. Conventional Methods of Training to Teacher and its
Impact in Higher Education
by C. Paramasivan
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Dr. C. Paramasivan is an Assistant Professor in PG
and Research Department of Commerce, Periyar EVR
College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu. He
obtained his UG degree from the Aditanar College,
Tiruchendur affiliated to Mamaonmaniam Sunderanar
University, Tirunelveli. He finished M.Com (Business
Finance) in 1997 from the Department of Commerce,
Pondicherry Central University. In the year 1998, he
obtained M.Phil from the Gandhigram Rural University,
Dindigul and successfully completed Ph.D from Periyar University, Salem. He
also obtained M.A Economics from Madurai Kamaraj University, M.B.A
Finance from Periyar University and M.Sc Psychology from Tamilnadu Open
University. Apart from that, he also secured certain diplomas like PGDCA,
DPMIR, and CPEd from the reputed institutions. He passed SLET in
Commerce and NET in Management. He has teaching experience for over 15
years and produced 58 M.Phil and five PhD. He is specialized in Business
Finance, Entrepreneurship Development, Research Methodology, and Women
Empowerment. He also published books entitled on Financial Management,
Financing of Small Industries, Human Rights, Information Technology in
Financial Sector, Research Methodology and Women Empowerment, Bank
Finance to SSI. Sathanaikal Sathiyame (Tamil) and three anthology of poems
in Tamil. He published more than 100 research articles in National and
International journal and presented about 50 papers in National and
International seminars. He has completed sponsored research projects funded
by NTS – India, MHRD, UGC, and ICSSR. He has organized many seminars
and workshops in association with UGC, ICSSR, RGNIYD, NHRC and ICT
ACT and acted as resource person and chairperson in various national and
international level seminars.
INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFADVANCEDSCIENTIFICRESEARCH&DEVELOPMENT(IJASRD)
p-ISSN:2395-6089|e-ISSN:2394-8906|Volume02,Issue04(Oct–Dec’2015)|PP01–09
2. Conventional Methods of Training to Teacher and its Impact in Higher Education
Volume 02, Issue 04, Oct – Dec’ 2015 2
ABSTRACT
igher education in India viewed in Internationals
prospective with multi national approach. Our educational
system has been frequently restructuring and evaluated
with different yardsticks. A teacher is not only a person already well
educated but also he/she should be a active learner throughout
his/her service though formal training such as orientation, refresher
programmes. Hence, there training programme must be activity
based with the help of modern educational technology. In this
context this article provides how the conventional training
methodology help to teachers and its impact in the educational
system, evaluation system, quality of education, altitude of the
academician and what would be the new models of training required
to the teachers particularly in Higher education and also highlights
the career oriented training required to both teacher and students in
the present scenario.
KEYWORD
Higher education, teacher education, orientation programme,
refreshers programme
H
4. Conventional Methods of Training to Teacher and its Impact in Higher Education
Volume 02, Issue 04, Oct – Dec’ 2015 4
The Kothari commission in 1964-66 reiterated the importance of in-service
teachers’ training in Higher Education by pointing out the necessity of regular
Orientation courses every year for a few weeks in every college. Following this UGC
had created some facilities in the form of seminars, fellowships, summer schools
and Orientation courses (Trivedi & Desai, 1969, Jacob, 1971). Later, the University of
Bombay and University of Madras started a Diploma in Higher Education; University of
Calicut started a Master of Collegiate Teaching course. Due to lack of proper response
these courses could not be continued by the universities. Presently, IGNOU is
offering Post Graduate Diploma in Higher Education for those who aspire to teach or
are already teaching in institutions of higher learning.
The National Policy in Education (NPE) 1986, while charting out the educational
priorities for the nation has pointed out that Teachers are not given proper
opportunities for professional and career development, and are not sufficiently oriented
in techniques and values to carry out innovative and creative work to fulfill their roles
and responsibilities effectively. In order to overcome these difficulties, it is proposed
that specially designed Orientation and refresher courses be organized for teachers
as in-service training and continuing education. Academic Staff Orientation Scheme,
which was later on renamed as Academic Staff Colleges Scheme was initiated by the
University Grants Commission in 1987 based on NPE recommendations.
III. PRESENT CONVENTIONAL TRAINING
UGC was established to ensure the uniform, quality and organized system of
education throughout the country. In this regards, various programme were introduced
to provide training to the teachers which help to refresh the subject knowledge and
update the teaching methodology. Orientation and refresher course were introduced by
the UGC by the recommendations of the expert committee and it became as mandatory
for all the teachers who are entered into regular services in higher education. The
courses were designed according to the needs of the situation. It was substantially
benefited to the teachers those who are not awarded about the modern educational and
teaching methodology especially information technology was not influenced dangly. The
training has been resource person centered and there were no opportunities to interact
by the participant. In most of the times, it was the place where the expert shows his
excellence or intelligence. Experts deliver his lecturers relating to the particular topic or
subject which has been handling over a period of 30 years or more. What the experts or
resource person are teaching to teacher (Participants) which are already available the
text books which dealt by participants in the classes. Above all, the facts and
information given by the experts are familiar to almost all participants. It shows that,
wasting of human resources, money, times and everything. Hence the need of
restructuring the training courses like Orientation, refresher and FDP.
IV. CONVENTIONAL TRAINING METHOD
Conventional training method has been losing its importance due to the
technological development, changing attitude of faculty, and innovative needs of
curriculum. Hence, Conventional training method will not help to meet the above
6. Conventional Methods of Training to Teacher and its Impact in Higher Education
Volume 02, Issue 04, Oct – Dec’ 2015 6
Award & Recognition: Every job or profession needs certain motivational
aspects to improve the performance or working environments. The participants must
know what the award & recognitions are available to the teachers and how they can
competence for that, etc.
Medical Checkup: Physical fitness is also one of the very essential
requirements of the teachers. Hence, there the need of physical awareness and provides
basic medical checkup which help to concentrate more about their physical. When the
teacher becomes a physically efficient, it leads to effective performance. There is one
day should also be executively designed for checkup and meditation to relax the mental
stress and uncomfortable.
Residential: Any kind of training porgramme to the faculty of higher education,
it should be, residential with providing all kinds of infrastructure facilities like
accommodation, food, refreshment, entertainments library & internet facilities.
Because, the participants are from different part of the state or country who are mostly
not familiar with the training venue. When the programme organizer provides such
kind of facilities, the participants will be physically and mentally free from the
disturbances and in convenience. It should be the very essential requirement of any
kind of training programme which exceeds, more than 5 days.
1.5.2. Academic Activities
Subject updation: A good teacher is a good learner. Teaching is the profession
which involves the continuous learning and updating the subject knowledge through out
his academic earner. This part should be designed to identify the trust areas, recent
developments and academic contributions provided by the experts. This session may be
handled by the subject experts who are familiar in the state or country.
A genuine teacher will never restrict himself to his own subject, or area of
specialization. He will always delve into all aspects related with he teaches. He should
give real life examples, the details of the Technical Part, the Managerial Aspect, or the
Artistic touch, which will give more finesse to the subject. His communication skills
should be impeccable. In all, the students should automatically come to attend his class,
and should not do so out of compulsion or for attendance.
Awareness Programme: Even though the academic participants know
something about the awareness programmes theoretically. But the faculty needs the
practical experience relating to certain areas like human rights, Environmental science,
Right to information Act, consumer Rights etc. If the field of experts share their
experience with the participants, it it will be understandable with practical experience.
Soft skills: Academician needs to acquire the recent soft skills according to
meeting emergency of the educational system. The academician must familiar with
certain soft skills like computer literacy, communication proficiency, and personality
development. It should cover the basic aspects of the above mentioned skills with
practical exposure.
Material Preparation: Academician must know how to prepare the material
according to the capacity of the students. There is a skill required to prepare the study
materials or develop a mould. Hence, the training programme must have a separate
session with field of experts preferably books writers, material developers etc.
8. Conventional Methods of Training to Teacher and its Impact in Higher Education
Volume 02, Issue 04, Oct – Dec’ 2015 8
Confidentiality, a non-prejudicial manner, patience and good team working,
organizational and interpersonal skills are also important.
1.5.4 Research and Development Activities
The role of teachers in higher education not only the teaching the subject but also
involve active research and developmental activities which will be useful to the
concerned subject and the benefits consumed by the general public. During the training
period, the following points should be considered.
1. Select the Trust Area to research
2. Procedure for getting Guide ship approval
3. Prepration and finalization of Research Projects
4. Find out the Funding agencies
5. Assistance to Publication of research articles and books
6. Guidelines to Organizing Seminar/ workshop
7. Promote Consultancy activities
1.5.5 Extension Activities
1. Field work
2. Case Study
3. Observation
4. Industrial visit
5. Data Collection
6. Tie up with Industry, NGO, and Company.
VI. CONCLUSION
Education becomes a powerful weapon to the socio-economic setup of the country
which brings colorful changes in almost all the stakeholders. Providing quality and time
bound education to the students is the vital role of the educational system of the country
particularly in higher education which is highly knowledge based, innovation oriented
and research centered. Education and educational system largely depends on the
academicians particularly the teaching faculty. Therefore, the teacher must be a opt
person to teach his subject in a systematic manner. A teacher is not only a person
already well educated but also he/she should be a active learner throughout his/her
service though formal training such as orientation, refresher programmes. Hence, there
training programme must be activity based with the help of modern educational
technology. Higher learning institutions must be very careful to design the curriculum
of their training programme which is really benefited and enjoyable in physically and
psychologically to the teachers.
REFERENCE
[1] Zhang Zhixin ,Autonomy and Self-discipline: On the Reform and Development of
Higher Education ,School of Economics, Shandong University of Technology,
[2] Muhammad Ajmal, Shaista Razzaq, Fazalur Rahman, Effectiveness Of Quality
Assurance Programs Of Higher Education Commission In Teacher Training