A description of Internet Domains - what they are and how they work.

1. Part 3: Domain Name
Reem AbuZayedh
CIS 1203 Web Technologies

2. Keywords
1. URL
2. Domain Name
3. IP address
4. Domain Name System
5. Organization code
6. Country code

3. Objectives
1. What is URL
2. Domain Name and IP Address
3. What is Domain Name System DNS?
4. Browser and DNS
5. Parts of Domain Name
6. Organization code
7. Country code

4. 1- URL
 URL: Uniform Resource Locator
 URL: stands for the address of a website.
 Example:
The URL of Albayan newspaper is:
http://www.albayan.ae/alainfootball.pdf

5. 2- Domain Name and IP Address
 Each Web server has a unique IP address
and a domain name.
URL: http://www.google.com
Domain Name of the web server:
google.com
IP Address of the web server:

6. 3- Domain Name System DNS (1/2)
 It is hard for us to remember numbers (IP
Address 209.85.148.104) but it is easier for us
to remember names (Domain name
google.com)!
 DNS helps in this! You don’t have to memorize
all IP Addresses of your favorite websites!

7. 3- Domain Name System DNS (2/2)
 Domain Name System DNS:
DNS Server links google.com to the IP
Address 209.85.148.104

8. 4- Browser and DNS (1/2)
1. When you type a URL, on the browser, for example:
http://www.emaratalyoum.com/sports
2. The browser breaks the URL (address) into 3 parts:
1. Protocol: http
2. Domain name: emaratalyoum.com
3. The resource/webpage name (optional) : sports
3. See the next slide to know how the browser uses the
domain name emaratalyoum.com

9. 4- Browser and DNS (2/2)
208.43.117.197
Emaratalyoum Server
You
DNS Server
1
2
3
4
1- The browser asks DNS
server about IP address of
emaratalyoum.com
2- DNS server
returns the IP
address
208.43.117.197
3- The browser
requests to view the
content of
208.43.117.197
4- Server accepts
and browser
views the website.
Copy of
Sports
webpage

10. 5- Parts of Domain Name
 As you know form slide 7, the below URL contains 3
parts: https://www.hct.ac.ae/students
 3 parts of the Domain name :
1. Organization name: hct
2. Organization code: ac (academic)
3. Country code: ae (Arab Emirates)
 Some domain names contain only organization code,
for example: microsft.com why?
Protocol Domain Name
Resourc
e

11. 6- Organization code
OrganizationName
Academic.ac
educational.edu
company.co
commercial.com
governmental.gov
information.info
US military.mil
business.biz

12. 7- Country Code
CountryName
United Arab Emirates.ae
Australia.au
South Africa????????
Canada.ca
Germany.de
Spain.es
Ireland.ie
Italy.it
Kuwait.kw
Oman.om
Qatar.qa
Saudi Arabia.sa
United Kingdom.uk
United States of America.us

13. Additional

14. The subnet mask signifies which part of the IP address is network and which part is
host.
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway:
The default gateway address is the address of the router interface connected to
the same local network as the source host
The IP address is a logical network address that identifies a particular Computer
IP Address