4. THE BOSPHORUS The Bosphorus or Bosporus also known as the Istanbul Strait is a boundary between Europe andAsia. It is one of theTurkishStraits, along with the Dardanelles (Çanakkale Boğazı)
9. Istanbul (Turkish: İstanbul), historically known asByzantiumand Constantinopleis the largest city in Turkey and 2nd largest city in the world with a population of 13 million, also making it the largest metropolitan city in Europe and the second largest metropolitan area in Europe by population.Istanbul is also a megacity, as well as the cultural, economic, and financial centre of Turkey.