2. Linux
Factors of Linux Implementations
What is Linux
Where is Linux Used
Why Use Linux
Linux vsWindows
Web Server Administration (DNS Server)
UsefulTopics
Why Hackers prefers Linux
Speedup Internet with Google Public DNS
Conclusion
3. Why accept lower levels of security and reliability
when I can provide higher levels of service to my
customers?
I don’t want to be locked into any single operating
system, platform, or solution technology. It’s
about choices.
Why pay more when you can get the same or
better function for less with more flexible
licensing?
4. Linux is a generic term referring to Unix-like
graphical user interface (GUI) based
computer operating systems.
A famous open source project
It is Multi-user, Multitasking, Multiprocessor
Free to use, distribute, modify under a
compatible licence
A combination of many projects
5. People improve it, people adapt it, people fix
bugs. And this can happen at a speed that,
compared to conventional software
development.
Open source software
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6. As there is a limited access of user to basic
files and folders, in Linux network it provide
security to user’s privacy.Without disclosing
the secured data Linux acts as a efficient
server.
Linux Provide Security
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7. Linux is "virus-free", there are no viruses for
Linux in the world
Linux is aVirus Free
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8. No!
There doesn’t exist any Operating System on this earth
that is virus free. However Linux is known to have least
number ofViruses, till date, yes even less than UNIX OS.
Linux has had about 60-100 viruses listed till date. None of
them actively spreading nowadays. A rough estimate of
UNIX viruses is between 85 -120 viruses reported till date.
Linux is aVirus Free
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9. 75% of respondents were already using Linux
and another 14% were evaluating it
43% of all web sites use Linux servers running
the ApacheWeb server
11. Financial Difference
Technical Difference
Linux upgrades faster than Windows
Cost
Linux Windows
Online downloads Free Not available
Retail price, CD $ 50 $ 300
13. Networking in Linux
Linux applications for servers
What is Domain
What is Host name
Understanding DNS
Key components of DNS
Install and configure DNS in Linux
14. Linux is a powerful networking operating system
Ability to work as a client, server, or network device
Proxies, firewalls, routers, bridges, etc.
As with most things, GUI tools available
Similar toTCP/IP configuration in Windows
Default firewall software is iptables or ipchains
15. All common Internet services available
Mail, Web, DNS, etc.
Easy administration using web based interface
No cost to setup a server.
As easy as download a CD and install.
Lower maintenance. Keeps running for years.
16. Domain Names are the unique name that identifies
an entity.
Domain Names always have 2 or more parts
separated by the dots.
Types
Top level domain
New –Top level domain
17. .edu, .gov, .com, .net, .org, …
Countries each have a top level domain (2 letter
domain name).
18. .biz - businesses
.info - anyone can register
.name - must register first and last name
.pro - for professionals only
must provide proof
.aero, .museum, .coop are controlled by
organizations
19. A hostname is any name placed to the left of
your domain name which resolves to an IP address.
www.myinnos.in
20. The Domain name system is usually used to
translate a host name into an IP address.
Domain names comprise a hierarchy so that names
are unique, yet easy to remember.
21.
22. On your PC, theTCP/IP configuration contains the
address(es) of your DNS server(s)
Whenever you use a URL, whether in a browser, or a
utility such as ping, DNS servers are used
24. The root level domain is "."
Top-level domains include .com, .org etc.,
Second-level domains are often owned by companies
and individuals
myinnos.in
A subdomain is a further division of a second-level
domain
For pawanismmedia.in
There is admin.myinnos.in
25. A zone is a part of the domain namespace
A domain myinnos.in, the domain name represents
a single zone
For large organizations, subdomains can be divided
into separately maintained zones
Each zone typically has a separate DNS
26. Zones must be contiguous
admin.myinnos.in can be combined with myinnos.in
admin.myinnos.in cannot be combined with
user.myinnos.in
There must be one primary DNS server in each zone
Each zone can have multiple secondary DNS servers
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27. Also called DNS server
The program that stores information about domain
namespaces are called name server.
Primary name server (Master)
Secondary name server (Slave )
28. Also called DNS client
Resolvers are the clients that access the name
server
Used by browsers, e-mail clients, and client utilities
such as ping
31. /etc/named.conf describes the files that configure
the zones
Main configuration file
It define access controls
32. Default setup is for localhost 127.0.0.1
In named.conf add the following line
zone “myinnos.in" {
type master;
file “admin.myinnos.in”;
};
This allows myinnos.in to be resolved by
/var/named/admin.myinnos.in
There can be multiple domains in a single named.conf
file
33. Also, we can add the following line
zone “0.168.192.in-addr.arpa” IN {
type master;
file “admin.0.168.192”;
};
This allows for reverse lookup for the domain
It uses all or part of the 192.168.0.0 network
34. To start DNS
/etc/rc.d/init.d/named start
To restart DNS
/etc/rc.d/init.d/named restart
To stop DNS
/etc/rc.d/init.d/named stop
Make DNS start when you boot Linux
Add the command to start DNS to /etc/rc.d/rc.local
36. It's available to everyone at a great price .. Hackers never pay for
anything.
It is already fully loaded with all the stuff needed, no need to download
additional applications for something as silly as netcat.
Open source.. w00t!!! I have full f*#c@i&g control over my OS.
Hackers hate windows compatibility issues/so many libararies.
Hackers don’t want their system to crash or freeze when they’re about to
create history.
90% servers run on Linux.. so why should we be behind??
Linux is easy to customization, its customizable in every frigging way,
you can update/recompile the kernels too!!This is something we live for,
total control is the meaning of our lives.
38. Google Public DNS is a free, global DNS resolution
service, that you can use as an alternative to your
current DNS provider
Configure your network settings to use the IP addresses
8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 as your DNS servers
Google DNS for
Speed up your browsing experience.
Improve your security.
Get the results you expect with absolutely no redirection.
41. Linux is a low cost, flexible, multitasking and highly secured
operating system.
It is widely made use in many applications.
DNS is an application that translates names to IP addresses and IP
addresses to names
DNS management is a critical part of the maintenance of any
Web site. Fortunately, although it can be a little complicated.
Organized in a hierarchical structure
To configure DNS, set up a forward and reverse zone