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1

UNIVAC I
                               1

Vacuum tubes)
                                             IBM 650


magnetic drum)                                             machine language)
                                     binary digit)

   2
   1959                                      Solid state, semiconductor




                                                       1

                                   Magnetic cores)
                                    magnetic disk packs)
                                                                     low-level language)


assembly)                                            assembler)



   3
   1964 IBM system/360                       3             (IC: integrated circuits)
                                                                IC
                                    chip)


                Time-sharing

                         multi-programming                    Operating system)


FORTRAN, COBOL

                         PDP-8      the Digital Equipment Corporation                  1969
4
     1970                                        LSI (large-scale integration)
                             logic)                   (memory)


                                                                       2              3)

1971                       Microprocessor)                    Intel 4004
                                                                  1974                     Intel
8080                                               Altair 8800               1978 Steve Jobs

    Steve Wozniak             Apple II                            1981 IBM
                                                       1980


                                         Keyboard (              electronic mouse (
light pen (           touch screen (          data tablet (




               4




                                                       electronic spreadsheet

(             , word processing (                         1979                        (VisiCalc
electronic spreadsheet program)                           WordStar word processing)
1982                            DBASE II                               Lotus1-2-3

     5

                 21                                                               4


                                                                                Parallel)

               Serially)
                                                                 artificial intelligence: AI)

                      optical computer     photonic     optoelectronic
biocomputer




                                                 (Electronic

mail)       voice mail)                      teleconferencing)




                          Fiber optics technology)




Robotics)
1

           2488           2501




                                                    MARK I),
(ENIAC),       UNIVAC)

           2

                                 2502          2506




           3
                                 2507          2512
                         Integrated Circuit : IC)




           4

                         2513

                                            Very Large Scale
Integration : VLSI)




                  5




                             Artificial Intelligence :
AI)




[         2,600


Abacus)
      2158 ]          John Napier
                             Napier’s Bones
[        2173 ]                   William Oughtred)
                                                        Slide Rule)


[        2185 ]             Blaise Pascal)



                     0-9
[        2214 ]                          Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz )


                            Binary number)
[        2288 ]                       Joseph Marie Jacquard)



[        2365 ]             Charles Babbage)


Difference Engine)


                                   Analytical Engine
                                                 3                     Store
unit),            Control unit)                   Arithmetic unit)



Lady Ada Augusta Lovelace )




    [    2508 ]
Integrated Circuit: IC)
[    2514 ]        Intel                               Large
Scale Integrated Circuit :LSI )
                                                CPU)


                                  Microprocessor)
    2506]



                            IBM 1620



[    2507]


               2507
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วิวัฒนาการคอมพิวเตอร์
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วิวัฒนาการคอมพิวเตอร์

  • 1. 1 UNIVAC I 1 Vacuum tubes) IBM 650 magnetic drum) machine language) binary digit) 2 1959 Solid state, semiconductor 1 Magnetic cores) magnetic disk packs) low-level language) assembly) assembler) 3 1964 IBM system/360 3 (IC: integrated circuits) IC chip) Time-sharing multi-programming Operating system) FORTRAN, COBOL PDP-8 the Digital Equipment Corporation 1969
  • 2. 4 1970 LSI (large-scale integration) logic) (memory) 2 3) 1971 Microprocessor) Intel 4004 1974 Intel 8080 Altair 8800 1978 Steve Jobs Steve Wozniak Apple II 1981 IBM 1980 Keyboard ( electronic mouse ( light pen ( touch screen ( data tablet ( 4 electronic spreadsheet ( , word processing ( 1979 (VisiCalc electronic spreadsheet program) WordStar word processing) 1982 DBASE II Lotus1-2-3 5 21 4 Parallel) Serially) artificial intelligence: AI) optical computer photonic optoelectronic
  • 3. biocomputer (Electronic mail) voice mail) teleconferencing) Fiber optics technology) Robotics)
  • 4. 1 2488 2501 MARK I), (ENIAC), UNIVAC) 2 2502 2506 3 2507 2512 Integrated Circuit : IC) 4 2513 Very Large Scale
  • 5. Integration : VLSI) 5 Artificial Intelligence : AI) [ 2,600 Abacus) 2158 ] John Napier Napier’s Bones
  • 6. [ 2173 ] William Oughtred) Slide Rule) [ 2185 ] Blaise Pascal) 0-9 [ 2214 ] Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz ) Binary number) [ 2288 ] Joseph Marie Jacquard) [ 2365 ] Charles Babbage) Difference Engine) Analytical Engine 3 Store unit), Control unit) Arithmetic unit) Lady Ada Augusta Lovelace ) [ 2508 ] Integrated Circuit: IC)
  • 7. [ 2514 ] Intel Large Scale Integrated Circuit :LSI ) CPU) Microprocessor) 2506] IBM 1620 [ 2507] 2507
  • 8. ....................................................................................................................... .............................................................................
  • 9. ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................. ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................. ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................
  • 10. ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................