Module 2 Legislation of OSH in Malaysia

INTRODUCTION TO OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
AND HEALTH LEGISLATIONS IN MALAYSIA -
ACT 139 - FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT, 1967 (FMA)
by:
NORRAZMAN ZAIHA BIN ZAINOL
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

Exposure to OSH related legislations in
Malaysia
Describe the differences between the
laws
Describe the key elements in both laws

The code of laws of Babylonian King
Hammurabi (circa 2000 B.C.)
Printed the code on a 2.4 height stone
monument and published to people
Hammurabi prescribed punishment of
overseers for injuries suffered by workers
Also, imposed fine to prevent the accident
Death penalty if causing death to other and
compensation to victim

If a builder built a house for a man and do not make its construction
firm and the house which he has built collapse and cause death of
the owner of the house - the builder shall put to death
If it cause the death of the son of the owner of the house- they shall
put to death a son of the builder
If it cause the death of a slave of the owner of the house- he shall
give the owner of house of slave of equal value
If it destroy property, he shall restore whatever is destroyed, and
because he did not make the house which he built firm and
collapsed, he shall rebuilt the house which collapsed at his own
expense
If a builder built a house for a man and do not make its construction
meet requirements and a wall fall in, that builder shall strength the
wall at his own expense

Development of OSH in Malaysia very close relates to UK
UK developed their OSH legislation during Industrial Revolution
in 19th century
Earlier, limited liability on employer – “doctrine common
employment”
Laws enacted to control the working hour, gender and age.
Tragic events such as factory fires also triggered legislation
requiring improved factory safety standards.
By the end of the nineteenth century, the concept of
responsibility without fault of the employer gave rise to
compensation and insurance schemes for occupational injuries
and then diseases including the first traces of the principle of
prevention.
1970, a committee chaired by Lord Roben investigated on the
failure of UK factories to reduce the accident and from his
report, UK enacted HASAWA 1974 to replace other OSH laws
Source : ILO 2009

Selangor Boiler Enactment 1892
Perak Boiler 1903
Machinery Ordinance 1913
Machinery Enactment 1932
Factory and Machinery Act 1967
Lift Regulation 1970
Lead Regulation 1984
Noise Regulation 1989
Mineral Dust Regulation 1989
Asbestos Regulation 1991
Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994

8
ACT
Describe basic scope and provision of the Act
Gazetted by Parliment
Related OSH laws - AKKP 1994, AKJ 1967, ABE 1990 dan
AKAS 1974
REGULATIONS
Detailing on the requirement of the provision of the Act
Approved by immediate Ministry
CODE OF PRACTICE / GUIDELINE
Guideline to comply with the Act and Regulations
Develop with assistance from the industries and approved
by DOSH
Not an act or regulations

Common OSH laws:
Akta Kilang dan Jentera 1967.
Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan
Pekerjaan1994.

10
Specific laws e.g.:
Pesticide Act 1984.
Petroleum (Safety Measures) Act 1984.
Atomic Energy Licensing Act 1984.
Electrical Supply Act 1990.
CATEGORY OF OSH LEGISLATION IN
MALAYSIA

Fire Services Act 1988
Uniform Building By-Law 1984
Petroleum Safety Measures Act 1984
Gas Supply Act 1993
Diesel and Gas Storage Requirement
Electricity Supply Act 1990
Poison Act 1952
Pesticide Act 1974
Road Transport Act 1987
Atomic Energy Licensing Act
Environmental Quality Act 1974

An Act to provide for the control of factories
with respect to matters relating to the safety,
health and welfare of person therein, the
registration and inspection of machinery and for
matters connected therewith.
[1 February 1970]

Included
SIX Parts with 59 Sections
THREE SCHEDULE
1. FIRST SCHEDULE – Dangerous Occurrence
2. SECOND SCHEDULE – Serious Bodily Injury
3. THIRD SCHEDULE – Notifiable Occupational Diseases

Factory
Terms & definition of;
Chief Inspector/Inspector
Building Operations
Works of Engineering Construction
Lifts/Hoisting machine/Machinery/Guards
Unfired pressure vessel
Bodily injury
Certificate of fitness/ competency
Engineer / Licensed person/Young person

Section 4. Appointment of officers.
Section 5. Supervision of officers.
Section 6. Officers are public servants.
Section 7. Powers of an Inspector.
Section 7A. Entry into premises with a search
warrant and the power of seizure.
Section 7B. Entry into premises without a
search warrant and the power of seizure
Section 7C. Service of list of things seized.
Section 7D. Appointment, powers and duties of
a licensed person

Section 12. Lifting of weights.
No person shall be employed to lift, carry or move
any load so heavy as to be likely to cause bodily
injury to him.

Section 13. Provisions against fire.
Without prejudice to any law with respect to local
authorities, in every factory there shall be taken
such precautions against fire, and there shall be
provided and maintained, such means of escape
in case of fire other than means of exit in ordinary
use, and such means of extinguishing fire as may
be prescribed

Section 19 and 19A. Certificate of Fitness and
Revoke of certificate due to fraud.
(1) No person shall operate or cause or permit to be
operated any machine unless a valid certificate is
issued
(2) Inspector has right to prohibit any use of the
machinery if no valid certificate.
(3) Termination of certificate if machinery under repair,
dismantle or damaged.
(4) If fraud, Inspector has right to revoke the certificate

Section 20. Duties of persons employed.
(1) No person employed in any factory or in any place
where any machinery is installed shall wilfully interfere
with or misuse any means, appliance, convenience or
other thing provided in pursuance of this Act for
securing the safety, health or welfare of the persons
employed in the factory or the place where the
machinery is installed; and when any means or
appliance for securing safety, health or welfare is
provided for the use of the person under this Act, he
shall make use of such means or such appliance.

Section 24. Personal protective clothing and
appliances.
Where in any factory persons are exposed to a wet or
dusty process, to noise, to heat or to any poisonous,
corrosive or other injurious substance which is liable
to cause bodily injury to those persons the Minister
may prescribe the provision and maintenance for use
of those persons suitable and adequate personal
protective clothing and appliances including where
necessary goggles, gloves, leggings, caps, foot-wear
and protective ointment or lotion.

Section 25. Provision relating to welfare .
In relating to the factory, the following
provision relating to welfare of the persons
shall apply:
(1) adequate and suitable accommodation
for clothing not worn during working hour
(2) Adequate supply of drinking water
(3) Adequate and suitable facilities for
washing
(4) Provision of first aid box and room

Section 26. Training and supervision of
inexperienced workers.
No person shall be employed at any machine or in
any process, being a machine or process liable to
cause bodily injury, unless he has been fully
instructed as to the dangers likely to arise in
connection therewith and the precautions to be
observed, and—
(a) has received sufficient instruction in work at the
machine or process; or
(b) is under adequate supervision by a person who
has knowledge and experience of the machine or
process.

Section 28. Young persons.
(1) No young person shall carry out work
involving the management of, or attendance
on, or proximity to, any machinery.
(2) It shall be the duty of the owner or occupier to
ensure that subsection (1) is observed.

Section 31. Accidents and dangerous
occurrence to be reported.
causes loss of life to any person;
causes serious bodily injury to any person;
causes bodily injury to any person so that
the person is prevented from following his
normal occupation for more than three
clear days excluding the day of the
accident; or
causes serious damage to machinery or
other property,

Section 31, continue;
or any dangerous occurrence takes place in
any factory or in connection with any
machinery, the occupier shall report the
accident or dangerous occurrence to the
Inspector having jurisdiction for the area in
which the accident or dangerous occurrence
has taken place by the quickest means
available and subsequently with the least
possible delay, report in writing to the Inspector
in the prescribed form the facts of the matter so
far as they are known to him.

Section 32. Notification of occupational diseases.
(1) Every registered medical practitioner attending on, or called
in to visit, a patient whom he believes to be suffering from any
of the diseases named in the Third Schedule and contracted
in a factory shall, unless such notice has been previously
sent—
(a)forthwith sent to the Chief Inspector a notice stating the
name and location of the factory in which the patient states he
is or was last employed, the name and full postal address of
the patient and the disease from which, in the opinion of the
registered medical practitioner, the patient is suffering; and
(b) at the same time send a copy of the notice to the occupier
of the factory in which the patient states he is or was last
employed.

Section 34. Operation of factory.
Section 35. Building operations or works of
engineering construction.
Section 36. Installation of machinery, etc.
Section 37. Application for registration.
Section 38. Register.
Section 39. Moving or alteration of or
addition to machinery to be approved.
Section 40. Periodical inspections.

Section 51. Penalties
(1) Any person who contravenes section 31,
subsections 34(1), 36(1), 38(1) and 39(1), shall be
guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be
liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred thousand
ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding
two years or to both.
(2) Any person who contravenes any other provision
of this Act or any regulation made under this Act for
which contravention no penalty is expressly
provided shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on
conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty
thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not
exceeding one year or to both.

(3) Where the offence of which any person is
convicted is a continuing offence, such person
shall, in addition to the punishment inflicted in
respect of that offence, be further liable to a fine
not exceeding two thousand ringgit for each day
or part of a day during which the offence
continues after the first day in respect of which
the conviction is recorded.

(4) Any person who without reasonable excuse
fails to comply with any written order or notice
issued under subsection 39(3) or 40(4) shall be
guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be
liable to a fine not exceeding two hundred and
fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a
term not exceeding five years or to both and to a
further fine not exceeding two thousand ringgit
for each day or part of a day during which the
offence continues after the first day in respect of
which the conviction is recorded.

Section 51. Exemptions
(1) Nothing contained in this Act shall apply to—
(a) any factory or machinery operated—
(i) by the armed forces; or
(ii) by agreement with the Government by
any visiting force lawfully present in
Malaysia; or
(b) any machinery which is subject to the law
relating to merchant shipping.

(2) Any factory and machinery operated by:
(a) the Government of the Federation and the
Government of every State shall be exempted
from the provisions of—
(i) the whole of sections 34, 35, 38, 48;
and
(ii) sections 36, 37, 39, 40, 43, only in
respect of machinery other than steam
boilers, steam receivers, fired pressure
vessels, unfired pressure vessels and
lifts; and

(3) The Minister may, by order, exempt either
conditionally or absolutely any factory or
machinery or class of factories or machinery
from all or any of the provisions of this Act or
the regulations made there under and may in
like manner cancel or vary any such
exemptions.

REGULATIONS UNDER FMA 1967
1. Factories and Machinery (Mineral Dust) Regulations, 1989
2. Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations, 1989
3. Factories and Machinery (Building Operations and Works of
Engineering Construction) (Safety) Regulations, 1986
4. Factories and Machinery (Asbestos) Regulations, 1986
5. Factories and Machinery (Leads) Regulations, 1984
6. Factories and Machinery (Compundable Offences) Regulations,
1978
7. Factories and Machinery (Compounding of Offences) Rules, 1978

REGULATIONS UNDER FMA 1967
8. Factories and Machinery (Notification of Fitness and Inspections)
Regulations
9. Factories and Machinery (Certificates of Competency Examinations)
Regulations, 1970
10. Factories and Machinery (Administration) Regulations, 1970
11. Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health and Welfare) Regulations,
1970
12. Factories and Machinery (Person in Charge) Regulations, 1970
13. Factories and Machinery (Fencing of Machinery and Safety)
Regulations, 1970
14. Factories and Machinery (Electric Passenger and Goods Lift)
Regulations, 1970
15. Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel)
Regulations, 1970

Building Operations and Works of
Engineering Construction Safety
Regulation 1986 (BOWECS)
Imposes duties on employer to comply
The contents of BOWECS Regulations 1986 include the
general provisions on construction works activities;
regulations on concrete work; structural steel and pre cast
concrete assembly; cleaning; repairing and maintenance of
roof, gutters, windows, louvers and ventilators; catch
platforms; chutes, safety belts and nets; runaways and
ramps; ladders and step-ladders; scaffolds; demolition;
excavation works; material handling and storage, use and
disposal; piling; blasting and use of explosives; and hand
and power tools.

INTRODUCTION TO OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH LEGISLATIONS IN
MALAYSIA -
ACT 514 - OCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT,
1994 (OSHA)
by:
NORRAZMAN ZAIHA BIN ZAINOL
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

(OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
ACT 1994, (ACT 514))
An act to make further provisions for
securing the safety, health and welfare of persons
at work, for protecting others against risks to safety
and health in connection with the activities of
person at work, to establish the National Council
for Occupational Safety and Health and for matters
connected there with

Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994
(Act 514)
Was implemented on 25 February 1994
As a guideline used by public or
private sectors in preparing the safety
and health policy in their workplace
ABOUT OSHA

In this Act,
-the responsibility for OSH at
workplace are shared between
employers and employees
- moved from the era of direct
government supervision to the era of
self help and self regulation
-implying bigger and more active
role for employers and employees
ABOUT OSHA

Aiming to improve the management and
awareness of health and safety issues
In the long term, it aims to encourage the
safety culture among employer and
employee in the industry
To provide the means whereby the
associated occupational safety and health
regulations and approved industry code of
practice operating in combination with the
provisions of the Act, designed to maintain or
improve the standards of safety and health

COMMON TERMS:-
Government
Federal, state or local government
Immediate employers
Employee directly employed by or
through him
Principal employers
Owner of industry
Occupier
Government
Legal representative of deceased
owner or occupier

COMMON TERMS:-
Employee/Workers
Directly employed by principal
Employed by or through immediate
employer
Temporary engage to principal by
manpower supply firm
Occupier
Person who manage or has control
over a work place

COMMON TERMS:-
So far as is practicable – execute any
action after consider
Severity of hazard and risk
State of available knowledge on
hazard and risk and mitigation
action
Availability and suitability of ways to
mitigate the hazard/risk
The cost of mitigation

COMMON TERMS:-
Premises
Land, building & part of it
Vehicle, vessel or aircraft
Installation on water and land
Tent and movable structure
Place of works
Premises where person work or use
for storage
Plant
Machinery, equipment, appliance,
tools and part of it incl. accessories

OBJECTIVES OF THE ACT
Part 1(4)
The objectives of this Act are:
a)To secure the safety ,health and
welfare of persons at work against
risks to safety or health arising out of
the activities of persons at work;

b) To protect persons
at a place of work other
than persons at work
against any risks to
safety or health arising
out of the activities of
persons at work

c) To promote an
occupational
environment for
persons at work
which is adapted to
their physiological
and psychological
needs

d) to provide the means whereby the
associated occupational safety and
health legislations may be
progressively replaced by a system
of regulations and approved industry
codes of practice operating in
combination with the provisions of
this Act designed to maintain or
improve the standards of safety and
health.

Scope of this act covers all working
people in sectors such as
manufacturing, mining (quarry),
construction, forestry and fishery,
utilities including electricity, gas,
water, sanitary services, transportation,
storage and communication, wholesale
and retail trades, hotels and
restaurants, real estates and business
services, finance, insurance, public
services and statutory
However, it does NOT apply to work on
board ships and armed forces (S. 1
(3)) – they have their own ordinances.

CONTENTS
OSHA span over fifteen parts and
three(3) schedule
This act enables measures over
existing health and safety regulations
Complement existing legislation
In the event of any conflict, the
provision of OSHA shall prevail

PART I – PRELIMINARY
PART II – APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS
PART III – NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY &
HEALTH
PART IV – GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS AND SELF EMPLOYED
PERSONS
PART V – GENERAL DUTIES OF DESIGNERS, MANUFACTURERS AND
SUPPLIERS
PART VI – GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYEES
PART VII – SAFETY & HEALTH ORGANISATIONS
PART VIII – NOTIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS, DANGEROUS
OCCURRENCE, OCCUPATIONAL POISONING AND
OCCUPATIONAL DESEASES AND INQUIRY

PART IX – PROHIBITION AGAINST USE OF PLANT OR SUBSTANCE
PART X – INDUSTRIES CODE OF PRACTICE
PART XI – ENFORCEMENT AND INVESTIGATION
PART XII – LIABILITY FOR OFFENCES
PART XIII – APPEALS
PART XIV – REGULATIONS
PART XV – PROHIBITION AGAINST USE OF PLANT OR SUBSTANCE
PART IX – PROHIBITION AGAINST USE OF PLANT OR SUBSTANCE
PART XV - MISCELLANEOUS

PART III
National council for occupational Safety & health
Section 8.
Establishment of the Council. There shall
be established a council called the
"National Council for Occupational Safety
and Health".

PART III
Section 9. Membership of the Council.
(1) The Council shall consist of not less than twelve and not
more than fifteen members who shall be appointed by the
Minister, of whom -
(a) three persons shall be from organizations representing
employers;
(b) three persons shall be from organizations representing
employees;
(c) three or more persons shall be from Ministries or Departments
whose responsibility is related to occupational safety and
health; and
(d) three or more persons, of whom at least one shall be a woman,
shall be from organizations or professional bodies the activities
of whose members are related to occupational safety and health
and who, in the opinion of the Minister, are able to contribute to
the work of the Council.

PART III
Section 11.
(1) The Council shall have power to do all
things expedient or reasonably necessary
for or incidental to the carrying out of the
objects of this Act.

PART IV
General duties of employers and self-
employed persons
Section 15. General duties of
employers and self-employed persons
to their employees.
(1) It shall be the duty of every employer
and every self-employed person to
ensure, so far as is practicable, the
safety, health and welfare at work of all his
employees.

PART IV
employed persons
Section 15. General duties of
employers and self-employed persons
to their employees.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of
subsection (1), the matters to which the
duty extends include in particular:

PART IV
employed persons
Section 15.(2)
(a) the provision and maintenance of plant and systems
of work that are, so far as is practicable, safe and
without risks to health;
(b) the making of arrangements for ensuring, so far as is
practicable, safety and absence of risks to health in
connection with the use or operation, handling,
storage and transport of plant and substances;
(c) the provision of such information, instruction, training
and supervision as is necessary to ensure, so far as
is practicable, the safety and health at work of his
employees;

PART IV
employed persons
Section 15.(2)
(d) so far as is practicable, as regards any place of work
under the control of the employer or self-employed
person, the maintenance of it in a condition that is
safe and without risks to health and the provision
and maintenance of the means of access to and
egress from it that are safe and without such risks;
(e) the provision and maintenance of a working
environment for his employees that is, so far as is
practicable, safe, without risks to health, and
adequate as regards facilities for their welfare at
work.

PART IV
employed persons
Section 15.
3.For the purposes of subsections (1) and (2)-
b) The duties of an employers or a self employed person
under subsection (1) and (2 ) extend to such an
independent contractor and the independent self
employed contractor’s employees in relation to matters
over which the employer or self employed person
i) has control
ii)would have had control but for any agreement between
the employer or self employed person and the
independent contractor to the contrary

PART IV
employed persons
Section 16. Duty to formulate safety and
health policy.
Except in such cases as may be prescribed, duty of
every employer and every self-employed person to
prepare and as often as may be appropriate revise a
written statement of his general policy with respect to
the safety and health at work of his employees and the
organization and arrangements for the time being in
force for carrying out that policy, and to bring the
statement and any revision of it to the notice of all of
his employees.

PART IV
employed persons
Section 17. General duties of employers and
self-employed persons to persons other than
their employees.
(1) Duty of employer to person other than
their employees
To conduct his undertaking in safe manner,
as far as practicable and to inform about the
risks associated with their undertakings to
person other than their employees who may
be affected are not exposed to risks

PART IV
employed persons
Section 17. General duties of employers and
self-employed persons to persons other than
their employees.
(2) To give person ,not being his employees,
who may be affected by the manner in which he
conduct his undertakings, prescribed
information or such aspects of the manner in
which he conduct his undertakings as might
affect their safety/ health

PART IV
employed persons
Section 18. Duties of an occupier of a place
of work to persons other than his
employees.
Shall take such measures as are practicable to
ensure that the premises , all means of access
thereto and egress there from available for use
by persons using the premises , and any plant
or substance in the premises or provided for use
there, is or are safe and without risks to health

PENALTY FOR OFFENCE (15-18)
FINE : Not exceeding RM 50,000.00
IMPRISONMENT : Not exceeding 2 years
Or
BOTH

PART VI
General duties of employees
Section 24. General duties of employees at
work.
(1) It shall be the duty of every employee
while at work-
(a) to take reasonable care for the safety and health of
himself and of other persons who may be affected
by his acts or omissions at work;
(b) to co-operate with his employer or any other person
in the discharge of any duty or requirement imposed
on the employer or that other person by this Act or
any regulation made there under;

PART VI
work.
(1) It shall be the duty of every employee
while at work-
(c) to wear or use at all times any protective equipment
or clothing provided by the employer for the purpose
of preventing risks to his safety and health; and
(d) to comply with any instruction or measure on
occupational safety and health instituted by his
employer or any other person by or under this Act or
any regulation made there under.;

PART VI
work.
(2) A person who contravenes the provisions of
this section shall be guilty of an offence and
shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not
exceeding one thousand ringgit or to
imprisonment for a term not exceeding three
months or to both

PART VI
Section 25. Duty not to interfere with or
misuse things provided pursuant to certain
provisions.
A person who intentionally, recklessly or negligently
interferes with or misuses anything provided or done in
the interests of safety, health and welfare in pursuance
of this Act shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on
conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding twenty
thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not
exceeding two years or to both.

PART VI
Section 26 – Duty not to charge employees
for things done or provided
No employer shall levy or permit to be levied on
any employee of his any charge in respect of
anything done or provided in pursuance of this
Act or regulation made thereafter

PART VI
Section 27 – Discrimination against
employee
(3) An employer who, or a trade union which,
contravenes the provisions of this section shall
be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction,
be liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand
ringgit or to a term of imprisonment not
exceeding one year or to both.

PART VII
Safety and Health Organization
Section 29 – Safety and Health Officer
1) This section apply to classes as in Gazette
2) An occupier of a workplace to which the
section applies should employed a
competent person to act as SHO
3) The function of SHO is to ensure compliance
with the Act and regulations and promote
safe conduct of work at the place of work
4) The SHO should be trained and qualified
5) Penalty to occupier for this section – fine
max RM5K or imprisonment max 6 months
or both

PART VII
Safety and Health Organization
Section 30 – Safety and Health Committee
1) Every employer should establish a safety
and health committee if
1) Employed forty or more workers
2) Instruction by The Director General of
DOSH
2) Composition, appointment and power of
committee should be prescribed
3) Employer should consult the committee any
matter relating to OSH
4) Penalty – fine max RM5K or imprisonment
max 6 months or both

DUTIES OF EVERYONE
The Act places duties on employers, self-employed
people and employees to ensure that their work activities
do not harm themselves or other people.
For forest operations, other people
include visitors, people passing the operation, and the
general public who may be in the vicinity
of an operation.
Any person in control of a place of work (e.g. a principal,
contractor or subcontractor) shall
attempt to ensure that people there (or close by) are not
harmed by any hazard resulting from
work activities.

REGULATIONS UNDER OSHA 1994
1. Occupational Safety and Health (Notification of Accident, Dangerous
Occurrence, Occupational Poisoning and Occupational Disease) Regulations
2004
2. Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standards of Exposure of
Chemicals Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000
3. Occupational Safety and Health (Safety and Health Officer) Regulations 1997
4. Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Packaging and Labelling of
Hazardous' Chemicals) Regulations 1997
5. Occupational Safety and Health (Safety and Health Committee) Regulations
1996
6. Occupational Safety and Health (Control of Industrial Major Accident
Hazards) Regulations 1996
7. Occupational Safety and Health (Employers' Safety and Health General Policy
Statements) (Exception) Regulations 1995

FMA 1967 OSHA 1994
Scope Only cover OSH in the
manufacturing, mining, quarrying,
works of engineering and
construction
Cover 24 % of the man power
Cover all economic activities &
government except armed forces
& seafarers
Cover 90% of the man power
Approach - Prescriptive
- Too dependent on
government
- Concern for inspection by
regulation authorities
- self regulation
- supported by code of
practices, guidelines etc
- tripartite responsibilities
- worker cooperation &
participation
Objective - focus on control of factories
& machinery
- registration & inspection of
machines
- less provision for health
- to safeguard, health &
welfare of employees &
those at the place of work
for example visitors,
contractors etc

Module 2 Legislation of OSH in Malaysia

Module 2 Legislation of OSH in Malaysia

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