The presentation discusses anthropological issues in the context of afforded by Latin American immigrants in the Japanese Health Care System. Background: 1985 immigration visa for Japanese descendants from South America initiated the process of the “ethnicity-based immigration”( Takenaka,2003 ) 14% of the total amount of foreigners in Japan. This research was presented during the II Workshop on Medical Athropology in Rome, on October 14th - 15th 2011.

2. Association for Japanese Migrants Descendants in the World http://www.jadesas.or.jp/es/files/nikkeijinsuu.gif

4. The Ministry of Justice, Immigration Bureau, Japan http://www.moj.go.jp/content/000037427.jpg

11. 4 th Unemployment and Poverty

12. Nationality (Peruvian %) 82 Age(years) 38 Type of visa(Permanent resident%) 44 Living years in Japan(years) 11 Health Insurance in Japan(%) 81 First time after arrival medical services were needed(years) 2

14. Had visited a traditional healer in Japan(%) 3 Use of traditional medicine in Japan (%) 55 Experience of hospitalization in Japan(%) 45

19. Item Response (%) Communication Difficulties 9 Worries About Not Getting Treatment for Health Problems 9 Poor Access to Emergency Medical Care 8 Poor Access to Long Term Medical Care 5 Poor Access to Dentistry Care 8 Poor Access to Counseling Services 12

23. Fieldwork 2010-2011 Tokyo surrounding area (Gunma, Tochigi, Kanagawa)

27. Meticulous