Normalization

Functional Dependencies and Normalization for Relational Databases Dr. Ali Obaidi CS-450 Fall 2002

Informal Design Guidelines for Relational Databases ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Semantics of the Relation Attributes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Redundant Information in Tuples and Update Anomalies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EXAMPLE OF AN UPDATE ANOMALY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EXAMPLE OF AN UPDATE ANOMALY (2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Null Values in Tuples ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Spurious Tuples ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Functional Dependencies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Functional Dependencies (2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Examples of FD constraints ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Functional Dependencies (3) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inference Rules for FDs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Additional Useful Inference Rules ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Introduction to Normalization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

First Normal Form ,[object Object],[object Object]

Second Normal Form ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Examples Second Normal Form ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Third Normal Form ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

3 rd Normal Form ,[object Object]

BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

BCNF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Normalization

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