The document discusses the functions and roles of families. Some key functions of families are providing food, shelter, care, and protection for children. Factors like laws, education, technology, and divorce have changed traditional family structures and roles. Traditionally, husbands were breadwinners and decision-makers while wives cared for the home and children. Now roles are often shared or reversed, with responsibilities divided less rigidly between parents. Children develop male and female roles through both physical factors and the expectations and observations shaped by their environment and the adults around them.

1. Family lifestyle

2. Functions of the family
One most important function is to provide for
the needs of children. These needs include:
• Food and drink
• Care and training
• Shelter
• Secure environment in which they can
develop into adults
• Warmth and clothing

3. • Love and companionship
• Boundaries for behaviour
• Protection and support
• Encouragement with their education

4. Factors that have brought about
change
• Laws
• Education
• Labour-saving devices
• State benefits
• Contraception
• Divorce

5. ROLES
• A ROLE includes the duties, responsibilities,
rights and behaviour attached to a position an
individual holds.
• May be governed by tradition or a set of rules,
or it may not be clearly defined and may
change over time.

6. Traditional Roles
• Roles of husband and wife were distinct.
• Husband was ‘breadwinner’ and decision
maker.
• Wife cared for her home, husband and
children

7. Shared Roles
• Roles of mother and father are not distinct.
• Each parent may have a job and contribute to
family finances.
• Household jobs and child care might be
shared.

8. Role Reversal
• Father cares for the home and the children
while the mother earns the money.

9. Role of children
• To be seen and not heard
• Respect their elders
• Do as they were told

10. How children develop
male and female roles
is due two main
reasons.

11. 1. Physical factors, which make them more
suited to certain activities; for example, men
usually have muscles and greater strength, and
women bear children.

12. 2. The encouragement or discouragement of
distinct male and female roles in childhood by:
• The expectations of adults
• Toys – dolls for girls/trucks for boys
• Clothes – pink for girls/blue for boys
• The child’s own observations